Sleep and the Brain (original) (raw)
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ePassport: Securing International Contacts with Contactless Chips
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2008
Electronic passports (ePassports) have known a wide and fast deployment all around the world since the International Civil Aviation Organization published their specifications in 2004. Based on an integrated circuit, ePassports are significantly more secure than their predecessors. Forging an ePassport is definitely thwarted by the use of cryptographic means. In spite of their undeniable benefit, ePassports have raised questions about personal data protection, since attacks on the basic access control mechanism came into sight. Keys used for that purpose derive from the nothing but predictable machine readable zone data, and so suffer from weak entropy. We provide an in-depth evaluation of the basic access key entropy, and prove that Belgian passport, recipient of Interpol "World's most secure passport" award in 2003, provides the worst basic access key entropy one has ever seen. We also state that two-thirds of Belgian ePassports in circulation do not implement any data protection mechanism. We demonstrate our claims by means of practical attacks. We then provide recommendations to amend the ePassport security, and directions for further work.
For the lexicon that has everything
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1992
This paper argues that it is impossible to separate lexical and encyclopedic knowledge and describes an attempt to build a large lexical database that contains the range of information needed to make a parser or a text generation system interpret and use words and phrases correctly.
The design and implementation of tripwire: a file system integrity checker
1994
At the heart of most computer systems is a file system. The file system contains user data, executable programs, configuration and authorization information, and (usually) the base executable version of the operating system itself. The ability to monitor file systems for unauthorized or unexpected changes gives system administrators valuable data for protecting and maintaining their systems. However, in environments of many networked heterogeneous platforms with different policies and software, the task of monitoring changes becomes quite daunting.
The Astrophysical Journal, 2009
We report extensive spectroscopic and differential photometric BVRI observations of the active, detached, 1.309-day double-lined eclipsing binary IM Vir, composed of a G7-type primary and a K7 secondary. With these observations we derive accurate absolute masses and radii of M 1 = 0.981 ± 0.012 M ⊙ , M 2 = 0.6644 ± 0.0048 M ⊙ , R 1 = 1.061 ± 0.016 R ⊙ , and R 2 = 0.681 ± 0.013 R ⊙ for the primary and secondary, with relative errors under 2%. The effective temperatures are 5570 ± 100 K and 4250 ± 130 K. The significant difference in mass makes this a favorable case for comparison with stellar evolution theory. We find that both stars are larger than the models predict, by 3.7% for the primary and 7.5% for the secondary, as well as cooler than expected, by 100 K and 150 K, respectively. These discrepancies are in line with previously reported differences in low-mass stars, and are believed to be caused by chromospheric activity, which is not accounted for in current models. The effect is not confined to low-mass stars: the rapidly-rotating primary of IM Vir joins the growing list of objects of near-solar mass (but still with convective envelopes) that show similar anomalies. The comparison with the models suggests an age of 2.4 Gyr for the system, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] ≈ −0.3 that is consistent with other indications, but requires confirmation.
Leveraging the Crowdsourcing of Lexical Resources for Bootstrapping a Linguistic Data Cloud
2012
Abstract. We present a declarative approach implemented in a comprehensive open-source framework based on DBpedia to extract lexicalsemantic resources–an ontology about language use–from Wiktionary. The data currently includes language, part of speech, senses, definitions, synonyms, translations and taxonomies (hyponyms, hyperonyms, synonyms, antonyms) for each lexical word. Main focus is on flexibility to the loose schema and configurability towards differing language-editions of Wiktionary.
The Planetary Nebula A39: An Observational Benchmark for Numerical Modeling of Photoionized Plasmas
The Astrophysical Journal, 2001
Galactic nebulae are the main probes for the chemical evolution of the interstellar medium. Yet, recent observations have shown that chemical abundances determined from recombination and collisionally excited emission lines can di †er by as much as an order of magnitude in some planetary nebulae (PNs). Many PNs have complex geometries and morphological evidence for interactions from stellar winds, and it is not clear to what extent winds, inhomogeneities, or shocked gas a †ect the observed spectrum. There currently is no full explanation for this discrepancy, which brings into question whether we understand the physical state of these low-density plasmas at all. This paper presents new spectroscopy from the KPNO Mayall 4 m telescope and imagery from the WIYN 3.5 m telescope of A39, a large PN with an exceptionally simple geometry. It appears to be a limb-brightened spherical shell, the simplest possible nebula. There is little evidence for external interactions, so this is the case in which photoionization simulations should be in near-perfect agreement with observation. We combine optical and UV spectroscopy to form a composite spectrum and compare this with photoionization models. No problems were encountered in reproducing the observed spectrum, although even this simple object has two distinct emission-line regions and exhibits several anomalies. A39 was too faint to detect the crucial heavyelement recombination lines in our data set, so it was not possible to compare collisional and recombination abundances. We predict the spectrum over a broad range of bandpasses to facilitate future observations that may probe deeper than our instrumentation allowed. Subject headings : ISM : abundances È planetary nebulae : general È planetary nebulae : individual (Abell 39) On-line material : machine-readable tables 1 Current address : WIYN Observatory,
Populous: A tool for populating Templates for OWL ontologies
Abstract. We present Populous, a tool for gathering content with which to populate an ontology. Domain experts need to add content, that is often repetitive in its form, but without having to tackle the underlying ontological representation. Populous presents users with a table based form in which columns are constrained to take values from particular ontologies; the user can select a concept from an ontology via its meaningful label to give a value for a given entity attribute. Populated tables are mapped to patterns that can then be used to ...
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is the summarization of the laboratory report. In practice, abstract must consist of no more than 100 words. It highlights the main purpose of the study and the findings. Usually this starts with the methods followed by the purpose, results, important observations, remarkable findings and finally conclusion. For the format not to change, overwrite on this document and print this in A4 size paper. If not possible to print this in A4 size paper, set the settings in printer properties and select letter size paper. Keywords may be check on https://publishing.aip.org/publishing/pacs/pacs-alphabetical-index for correct indexing of keywords. See example below.