Plasma and energetic particle structure upstream of a quasi-parallel interplanetary shock (original) (raw)

1984, Journal of Geophysical Research

This paper assembles ISEE 1, 2, and 3 observations of the interplanetary magnetic and electric fields, plasma, magnetohydrodynamic waves, electromagnetic and electrostatic plasma waves, 1-to 6-keV protons and electrons, and > 30-keV/Q ions for the interplanetary shock of November 12, 1978. The shock was high speed (640 km s-•), supercritical, quasi-parallel, and an efficient accelerator of energetic protons. The flux of > 35-keV protons increased by a factor of 15 in the last 45 min and 270 R e before shock encounter. The > 10-keV proton energy density approached that of the magnetic field and thermal plasma upstream of the shock. The shock was inside a closed magnetic structure that was connected at both ends to the shock. The intensity of ion acoustic and low-frequency MHD waves increased inside the closed magnetic bubble.