Severity of burn and its related factors: A study from the developing country Pakistan (original) (raw)
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Epidemiology of Burns: A Decade Experience
2018
Introduction: One of the most important causes of morbidity, disability and death in the developing world is Burn injury that also affects psychosocial and functional aspects of patients. Burn injury is an important yet under-researched area in Pakistan. The present `study is designed to document the prevalent epidemiological pattern and outcome of burn injuries over a decade period at country first national Burn Care Centre established at Islamabad to generate evidence based strategies to address the issue in national perspective. Methodology: This study includes retrospective data analysis of patients conducted over a 10 year period from 1st January 20081st October 2017 at Burn Care Centre (BCC) Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad. Total patients managed in the burn care centre were 94664. Study includes all the cases presented primarily and managed at the centre. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistical te...
Mortality associated with burn injury- a cross sectional study from Karachi, Pakistan
BMC Research Notes, 2013
Background Burn injuries are a major cause of medico legal deaths in Pakistan. The present study was conducted with the aim to assess the mortality rate related to different types of burns injuries. Findings This was an observational prospective cross sectional study conducted in Burns Ward of Civil Hospital, Karachi during a period of two years from January 1st 2010 to December 31st, 2011. Data was collected over a questionnaire containing demographic variables as well as date of burn, date of the death (if patient expired), total body surface area involved, cause and manner of burn. The data was statistically analyzed by SPSS v. 16. A total of 1979 patients were admitted to the department during the study period. Out of them, 715 died, hence a mortality rate of 36.12%. Out of the 715 patients, 380 (53.1%) were males and 335 (46.9%) were females. Mortality was highest in age-group 16–30 years (n = 395, 55.2%). Majority of the deaths were accidental (n = 685, 95.8%). Fire burns was ...
Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences, 2012
Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiological pattern and outcome of the admitted burns patients at Burns Center, Civil Hospital, Karachi. Methodology: A retrospective chart review was conducted on all the 3972 records available at Burns Center, Civil hospital, Karachi. The variables like age, sex, types of burn, mode of burn and outcome of the patients were recorded and evaluated. Results: Out of 3972 records of the patients, majority of the patients (n=3139; 79.0%) had fire burns followed by electric burn (n=304; 7.7%), scalds (n=207; 5.2%) and chemical burns (n=119; 3.0%). Majority (n=2958; 74.5%) of the patients were between 16-40 years of age. Majority of the cases reported as accidental, however suicidal and homidicidal cases increased during the last five years. 64.2% were discharged home after successful recovery. The overall mortality rate was 31.2% in last 5 years. However mortality rate was reduced from 35.3% in 2009 to 28.1% in 2010 due to better treatment procedures and b...
Annals of burns and fire disasters, 2016
Burn injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with 195,000 deaths annually. This study was conducted to identify the demographics of burn victims and the effect of different variables on the outcome of their injuries. 4016 patients admitted to the Burns Centre, Civil Hospital Karachi from January 2006 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographics, burn injury details and their outcome were recorded in a pre-designed questionnaire. Injuries were categorized as: fire, chemical, scald or electrical. To estimate total body surface area (TBSA) burned in adults, the rule of nines was used. For children and infants, the Lund-Browder chart was employed. SPSS v16.0 software was used for analysis. Frequencies and percentages of all variables, and the measure of central tendencies and dispersion for continuous variables were calculated. Cross tabs were used to assess mortality. Mean age was 28.13 years. More than half of the cases (n=2337, 58.2%) were aged betwee...
Epidemiological study of burns registered in Fatemi hospital in Ardabil, 2016
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: Burns after traffic accidents, falls and interpersonal violence are the fourth most commonly damaged worldwide. Annually more than 11 million people suffered to sever burns that most of them need for interventions and according WHO statistics, yearly more than 300000 people die from fire-related burns and most of them occurred in low income countries. The aim of this study was Epidemiological study of burns registered in Fatemi hospital in Ardabil, 2016.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study has been done on 200 burns registered in burn unit of Fatemi hospital in 2016. Information included age, sex, residence place (urban-rural), marital status, time and area of burn, percent and degree of burn, cause and mechanism of burn, hospitalized time and result of treatment completed by a checklist and analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 19.Results: Of all patients, 118 (59%) were male, 62.5% rural and 50% single. Most of burns occurred in age group less than...
The Epidemiology of Unintentional Burn Case in Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, from 2014 to 2018
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2022
BACKGROUND: Burn injury is one of the serious public health problems. Many of burn patients end up with experiencing disability (morbidity). Meanwhile, the epidemiology of burn patients in eastern part of Indonesia is rarely reported. AIM: We aimed to investigate the sociodemographic characteristic of burn patients in Sanglah General Hospital as the center referral hospital for eastern part of Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Viable data were collected from burn patients admitted to Burn Center of Sanglah Hospital between January 2014 and December 2018. A cross-sectional study design was used with statistical analysis which was performed using IBM Statistics 23 for Windows. RESULTS: A total of 725 subjects were involved in this study. Subjects were divided into two groups of emergency (n = 607, 83.72%) and non-emergency (n = 118, 17.28%). There were 525 (72.4%) burn subjects who were ≥17 years old with combustion caused by flame as the most common case (n = 264, 56.9%), whereas 200 (27.6%) subjects were <17 years old, while the group of age 0-5 years old (n = 115, 57.5%) gave largest proportion admission in pediatric group of scalding as the main cause (n = 100, 69.4%). CONCLUSION: We found that adults and elders had the highest risk of acquiring combustion caused by flame. Scalding was the most burns case found in the pediatric population.
Burn injury characteristics: findings from Pakistan National Emergency Department Surveillance Study
BMC Emergency Medicine, 2015
Background: Burn injury is an important yet under-researched area in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics and associated outcomes of burn injury patients presenting to major emergency departments in Pakistan. Methods: Pakistan National Emergency Department Surveillance (Pak-NEDS) was a pilot active surveillance conducted between November 2010 and March 2011. Information related to patient demographics, mode of arrival, cause of burn injury, and outcomes was analyzed for this paper. Data were entered using Epi Info and analyzed using SPSS v.20. Ethical approval was obtained from all participating sites. Results: There were 403 burn injury patients in Pak-NEDS, with a male to female ratio 2:1. About 48.9% of the burn injury patients (n = 199) were between 10-29 years of age. There was no statistically significant difference between unintentional and intentional burn injury patients except for body part injured (p-value 0.004) and ED disposition (p-value 0.025). Among 21 patients who died, most were between 40-49 years of age (61.9%) and suffered from fire burns (81%). Conclusion: Burn injuries are a burden on emergency rooms in Pakistan. We were able to demonstrate the significant burden of burn injuries that is not addressed by specialized burn centers.
Epidemiology and Mortality of Burns in Karachi
Objective: Despite being a serious hazard the causal factors and outcomes of burn injuries in Karachi remain an under researched area. The purpose of our study was to analyse the epidemiology and mortality of burn injury cases in Karachi in order to create awareness at mass level. Study Design: Prospective Observational Study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out from October 30th, 2013 to April 30th, 2014 in the Burns Centre, Civil Hospital Karachi. Materials and Methods: The study encompassed all the burn injury cases (expired or alive) reported to the Civil Hospital during the six months of the study period. The demographic information, cause and level of injury of all the reported cases were documented. Results: 784 cases of thermal injuries were reported. Out of these, 441(56.25%) were males and 343(43.75%) were females. Most of the burn victims (60%) belonged to the age group of 15 – 44 years. Out of 784 cases, 565 cases (72%) were of serious dermo-epidermal and deep burns. The overall burn mortality rate was found to be 55.9%. This included burn victims who were brought dead or expired during treatment. Maximum burns were a result of fire/flame (48.1%). Conclusions and recommendations: The mortality rate of burn injuries in Karachi is alarming as compared to the international statistics. Fire incidents are the main cause of these injuries. Fatal burns can be prevented if necessary precautions are taken. Key Words: Burns, thermal injury, epidemiology, mortality, Karachi.
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2016
Background: Although burns are a major problem in health care, a lot of the variation in risk factors exists from region to region which if uncovered correctly could help take effective prevention measures. Aims and Objectives: To assess the 3-year (January 2012 to January 2015) epidemiology of burn injuries admitted to our hospital (primary objective) and to find areas of improvement in burn care (secondary objective). Materials and Methods: After obtaining ethical approval data were obtained from the medical record section regarding age, sex, residence, occupation, marital status, socioeconomic status, dates of admission and discharge, circumstances regarding the place, intent, cause, and source of heat. Clinical assessment was done using Wallace's "Rule of Nine" in adult and "Lund and Browder" chart in the pediatric age groups. The interrelationships between clinical and epidemiological variables with burn injury were studied. Results: An increasing trend in the admission rates of burn victims noted in last 3 years males (55.47%) outnumbered females (44.52%). The most common age group affected is older children, adolescents, and young adults (between 11 and 30 years). Flame (38.3%) and scald (25.3%) burns contributed to most of the injuries. Females (52.30%) are the major victim of flame burns. Electrical and chemical burns affected only the males suggesting work-related injuries. Trunk (30.8%) is the most severely affected site in all cases. Depression (6.8%) and power line workers (4.7%) seem to be important risk factors in our study. Inability to complete treatment (26.7%) was a major concern in our study. Conclusions: This study highlights the need for proper burn care that could be provided at the primary health-care level. The majority of burns were accidental in nature in school going children, young adults, and females. Flame and scald burns were the most common cause. Preventive measures directed toward burn safety and first aid measures may improve the outcome in burn injuries.