Allergic reactions to insect stings: Results from a national survey of 10,000 junior high school children in Israel (original) (raw)
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Prevalence of allergy to hymenoptera stings in different samples of the general population
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1992
Decreased gamma interferon Jn AD NUMBER 3, PART 1 acterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for the human IFN-3, receptor. J [mmunol 1988;140:4231-6. 28. Boguniewicz M, Jaffe H, Izu A, et al. In vivo treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis and elevated lgE levels with recombinant gamma interferon. Am J Med 1990;88:376-9. 29. Parkin JM+ Eales L-J, Galazka AR, Pinching AJ. Atopic man-ifestations in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: re+ sponse to recombinant interferon gamma. BMJ ~987:2t)4: 1185-6. 30. Schneider LC, Hanifin J, Cooper K, et al. Recombinant interferon gamma therapy reduces the clinical severity of atopic dermatits. J ALLERGY To get figures of prevalence of systemic reactions (SRs) to hymenoptera sting in adults between the ages of 18 to 65 years, we performed three different surveys using the same questionnaire from 1984 to 1988. The first one was a door-to-door survey in Southeast France, which included 8271 adults and used a questionnaire. The second one, which included 2067 adults, was performed in a health care center and comprised the same questionnaire and venom skin tests in subjects reporting a history of SRs. The third survey was a national poll performed through a home-based national computer network. The percentage of SRs ranged from 0.66% in the second survey including skin tests to 3.3% in the poll survey. The higher prevalence figure in this latter survey may be related to a false-positive history, There was no urban-rural difference in prevalence of SR. ( J ALLERGY CLIN 1MMUNOL 1992;90:331-4.)
Medicine, 2018
Anaphylaxis is a systemic and hypersensitive allergic reaction caused by various triggers such as environmental, food, drug, and insects. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence, triggers, and clinical severity of anaphylaxis in 2 emergency departments (EDs) in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study based on a screening of medical records was conducted between January 2015 and August 2017, to identify confirmed cases of anaphylaxis. Patient characteristics were age, sex, previously known allergies, and the triggering allergens. The clinical severity was measured on the basis of the anaphylaxis international assessment tool (mild, moderate, severe). Factors associated with triggers and severities were identified. The period prevalence of anaphylaxis among ED admissions was 0.00026%. Pediatric cases (age 1-16 years) were 98 (60.9%), while adults (age 17-40 years) were 63 (39.1%). Triggers of anaphylaxis were food 63 (39.1%), insects 62 (38.5%), drugs 28 (17.4%), and environmental 8 (5.0%). Mild symptoms were observed in 41 (25%) of the sample, while moderate and severe symptoms were observed in 116 (72%) and 4 (3%) of the cases, respectively. Adults were 1.25 times more likely to endure drug allergy rather than food allergy, than pediatrics with adj.P = .015. ED admissions in summer season were 1.29 less likely to be due to drug allergy rather than insect allergy, compared with admissions in winter season, adj.P = .01. Cases with known allergy were 1.72 times less likely to endure drug allergy rather than food allergy, compared with those with unknown allergy, adj.P = .001. Adults were 4.79 more likely to endure severe symptoms than pediatrics with adj.P = .001. Although the prevalence of anaphylaxis was higher in pediatrics, yet the disease was more severe in adults. Special consideration should be paid to anaphylaxis triggered by insect bites in summer, and food allergy among cases with unknown allergy upon ED admission.
Anaphylaxis in Latin America: a Report of the Online Latin American Survey on Anaphylaxis (OLASA)
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2011
The aims of the Online Latin American Survey of Anaphylaxis (OLASA) were to identify the main clinical manifestations, triggers, and treatments of severe allergic reactions in patients who were seen by allergists from July 2008 to June 2010 in 15 Latin American countries and Portugal (n = 634). RESULTS: Of all patients, 68.5% were older than 18 years, 41.6% were male, and 65.4% experienced the allergic reaction at home. The etiologic agent was identified in 87.4% of cases and predominantly consisted of drugs (31.2%), foods (23.3%), and insect stings (14.9%). The main symptom categories observed during the acute episodes were cutaneous (94.0%) and respiratory (79.0%). The majority of patients (71.6%) were treated initially by a physician (office/emergency room) within the first hour after the reaction occurred (60.2%), and 43.5% recovered in the first hour after treatment. Most patients were treated in an emergency setting, but only 37.3% received parenteral epinephrine alone or associated with other medication. However, 80.5% and 70.2% were treated with corticosteroids or antihistamines (alone or in association), respectively. A total of 12.9% of the patients underwent reanimation maneuvers, and 15.2% were hospitalized. Only 5.8% of the patients returned to the emergency room after discharge, with 21.7% returning in the first 6 hours after initial treatment. CONCLUSION: The main clinical manifestations of severe allergic reactions were cutaneous. The etiologic agents that were identified as causing these acute episodes differed according to age group. Following in order: drugs (31.2%), foods (23.3% and insect stings (14.9%) in adults with foods predominance in children. Treatment provided for acute anaphylactic reactions was not appropriate. It is necessary to improve educational programs in order to enhance the knowledge on this potentially fatal emergency.
Journal of Pediatrics Review
Objective: To determine the epidemiology of anaphylaxis to a bee's sting in the rural areas of Gorgan city. Methods: In this cross sectional study, we analyzed some of the epidemiological characteristics of the study participants such as demographic information, bee type, cause of anaphylaxis, time of bee sting, onset of symptoms of anaphylaxis after a bee sting, number of bee stings, symptoms during anaphylaxis, and therapeutic and prophylactic measures. Results: 201 patients were diagnosed with anaphylaxis caused by a bee sting. Of these, 129 (64%) were male and 72 (36%) were female with an average age of 34.33 (32) and 35.25 (34) years respectively. Anaphylaxis incidents occur in 108 men and 103 women out of 100,000, 169 of which are adults and 46 are children. Anaphylaxis occurred in 105 cases (52.2%) less than five minutes after being stung (very severe attack) and in 94 cases (46.8%) between 5-60 minutes after being stung (rapid attack) (p = 0.45). The patients' organs involved were skin (85.6%), respiratory system (78.6%), cardiovascular system (35.8%), nervous system (17.4%) and gastrointestinal tract (10.9%). Among these stings, 78 (38.8%), 107 (53.2%) and 16 (8%) took place indoors, outdoors and at home respectively (P=0.05). Seven (9.5%) children and sixty seven (39.6%) adults had hypotensive symptoms (P= 0.05). Ninty five percent of cases have been stung less than 10 times, and 80% of those who have experienced more than 10 stings had severe anaphylactic attacks (P = 0.003). Conclusion:Based on our study, case finding was successful through the rural health network. In order to obtain accurate epidemiological information on the prevalence of anaphylaxis due to bee stings, an anaphylaxis registry and healthcare service packages are recommended. In this integrated model, a service package, including raising awareness and knowledge of people, and treatment for anaphylaxis can be employed.
2018
Department of Allergy, Rasool e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Allergy, Rasool e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Allergy, Rasool e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Asthma and Allergy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Health Science Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran Children and Neonatal Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Tehran Medical Sciences Branch of Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research Tehran, Iran Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Health Management and Social Development research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Children and Neonatal Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Anaphylaxis and insect allergy
Current Opinion in Allergy & Clinical Immunology, 2010
Anaphylaxis is an acute-onset, potentially fatal systemic allergic reaction [1,2]. Anaphylaxis can be triggered in numerous ways, but the three most common triggers are insect stings, foods, and medications [3 ,4-6]. Manivannan et al. [7] reviewed 208 patients and found that the inciting agents broke down into food (29.6%), medications (22.2%), insects (11.1%), others (7.4%), and unknown (29.6%). However, since large numbers of partially treated episodes often go undiagnosed or unrecognized, it is likely that anaphylaxis is under-reported [8,9]. No one knows the true rates of anaphylaxis in general, although overall global trends indicate increasing rates in all age groups and populations [6,8,10]. The increase is most significant in people living in good socioeconomic conditions and people under the age of 20 [10]. The largest number of anaphylaxis cases typically occurs in children and adolescents; however, fatalities from insect stings are more common in middle-aged and older adults [6,8,9,11]. Epidemiology/natural history of insect sting anaphylaxis In most regions of the world, Hymenoptera, such as bees, wasps, yellow jackets, and hornets, are the most medically relevant insects, and are responsible for most cases of insect sting-related anaphylaxis, whereas in some geographic regions, Formicidae sp. are most common. In the Southeastern US, the imported fire ant-related anaphylaxis (S. invicta) is common as well [8,12]. It is important to note that other biting and stinging arthropods, including but not limited to scorpions, beetles, caterpillars, and mosquitoes, have been reported to cause both cutaneous and systemic anaphylaxis [13-17]. Additionally, natural disasters may have an impact on insect sting rates and reactions [18].
Anaphylaxis in Children: Experience of an Egyptian Center
2020
Introduction: Anaphylaxis is a potentially life threatening allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and multisystemic in nature. Distribution of anaphylaxis tends to fluctuate based on age, gender, race, geographical residence and socioeconomic status of the involved subjects. Diagnosis of anaphylaxis in children is generally underestimated particularly in developing countries, and when diagnosed, proper management is occasionally lacking. Aim of the study: to evaluate the frequency and pattern of anaphylaxis and mistakes in diagnosis and treatment among a group of Egyptian children and adolescents. Subjects and methods: This observational study was conducted over 6 months duration, from 1st of September 2019 to the end of February 2020, in Children’s hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, on children presenting to emergency department (ED). Anaphylaxis frequency, presentation, triggers, diagnosis, management and long term follow up were assessed. Results: frequency rate of ...