The reliability of biparietal diameter and femoral length in estimation the gestational age using ultrasonography (original) (raw)
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BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1986
The use of femur length (FL) and biparietal diameter (BPD) for estimation of gestational age (GA) was investigated using 1123 ultrasound measurements between the 14th and 41st week of gestation. Femur length was found to provide a more accurate index than BPD for the entire range of gestational age considered. If an interval of approximately k 2.5 weeks is considered 'satisfactory', the accuracy of FL past the 31st week is not sufficient to justify its use. Combining the FL and BPD measurements via the formula: GA = 9.565 + (0.0414) FL + (0-0024573) FL' + (0.15209) BPD -(0.00015827) BPD2 provides an index of gestational age accurate to approximately & 2.5 weeks up to the 32nd week of gestation and accurate to approximately f 2.75 weeks up to the 34th week of gestation. This is the first time that combining FL and BPD in a statistically rigorous manner has been proposed as an index of gestational age, and we suggest that this combination be used as a routine tool in its assessment.
stuDy oF accuracy oF commonly useDFetal Parameters For estimation oF gestational age
Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 2006
Estimation of the gestational age by sonographic measurements of fetal parameters is usually done by measuring mean sac diameter (MSD), Crown-rump length (CRL), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), femoral length (FL) and abdominal circumference (AC) depending on the trimester of pregnancy. This is a prospective study to see the correlation of different fetal param-eters in estimating the gestational age. A total of 71 normal women were taken and ultrasonogram was done to take MSD and CRL in 1st trimester and BPD, HC, FL and AC in 2 nd and 3 rd trimester. Gestational age was calculated by MSD using Rempen normogram and Hadlock normograms were used for the rest of fetal parameters. Gestational age by LMP was also calculated at the same time. Correlation of different fetal parameters in estimating gestational age in different trimesters was done by Pearson correlation. Pearson correlation showed that the CRL was the best fetal param-eter (correlation coefficient of 0.90...
Accuracy of fetal measurements in estimation of gestational age
Innovative Publication, 2016
Back ground: Gestational age (GA) is a fundamental requisite at autopsy as well as for clinical assessment of growth of the fetus within the womb. Fetal parameters like anthropometric measurements and visceral developments can be used for calculation of GA. The present study was conducted with an aim of assessing the accuracy of fetal measurements like Foot length, Head Circumference, Crown-Rump length, Crown-Heel length and Abdominal Circumference for calculation of GA and to derive regression formulas for the same. Methods: The study was conducted on 60 foetuses with known gestational age (calculated by obstetrical methods). The fetal measurements were measured as per the standard protocol. Results: The study showed that there is a good correlation between gestational age and FL, HC, CRL, CHL and AC. FL was more accurate in assessing GA followed by HC, CRL, CHL and AC. The correlation coefficients of the equation & standard error of the estimate were 0.922 &2.41088, 0.901& 2.70397, 0.878 &2.97715, 0.900 &2.77665 and 0.886 & 2.89121 respectively for FL, HC, CRL, CHL and AC. Conclusion: We conclude that fetal measurements like FL, HC, CRL, CHL and AC are reliable for estimation of fetal age. FL is more accurate than other fetal parameters for estimation of GA followed by HC, CRL, CHL and AC.
A Study of Sonographic Evaluation of Fetal Femur Length for Estimation of Gestational Age
International Journal of Anatomy and Research
Introduction: Accurate estimation of Gestational age is of great value in proper obstetric care and intervention during pregnancy. Ultrasound has evolved as a reliable method for accurate measurement of gestational age by measuring various fetal biometric features like Crown Rump Length (CRL), Biparietal Diameter (BPD), Femur length (FL), Abdominal Circumference (AC), Head Circumference (HC), Trans Cerebellar Diameter (TCD) etc. Femur being the longest bone in fetus, least movable and easily imagable from second trimester to delivery, can be measured for estimation of gestational age. The present study was performed to evaluate femur length in second and third trimester by ultrasonography, assess gestational age from measurement of Femur Length (FL) and determine the accuracy of gestational age assessed by ultrasonography with gestational age assessed by LMP method in local population of Gujarat. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study of total of 200 pregnant women, 100 second trimester and 100 third trimester, between 13 and 40 weeks of gestational age attending the department of radiology at P.D.U. Medical college, Rajkot for a fetal ultrasound scan was done. Femur length (FL) was measured; Gestational age was measured by Hadlock's method and Loughna P et al's method; also gestational age was assessed from LMP of the women. The mean values of femur length and predictive accuracy of fetal femur length was analyzed and compared with other studies. Results: Mean of FL increased progressively from 13-40 weeks of gestation. During both second and third trimesters, Hadlock's formula and Loughna P's method were equally accurate to assess the gestational age. But femur length was more accurate in second trimester than in third trimester. There was discrepancy in values of femur length as compared to other studies. Conclusion: Like other studies the present study also found the need of fetal charts that were specific for individual population and ethnic group to determine gestational age and EDD to enable the development of better clinical guidelines for the present population.
Bangladesh Medical Journal, 2021
During the gestational period, fetal biometrics are assessed through ultrasonography to observe the growth of the fetus. This study observed the corresponding of gestational age those were measured by two of the fetal diameters; gestational age were calculated from history of last menstrual period (LMP), in the last two trimesters. This descriptive type of observational study was carried out in the Department of Radiology and Imaging of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, during the period of July, 2004 to June, 2005. Here 291 single-ton, non-complicated pregnant women of LMP were selected purposively from valid record. Bi-parietal diameter (BPD) and femoral length (FL) estimated through ultrasonography. These two parameters compared with the gestational age in second and third trimester. The study found that, before 36th week, the BPD based gestational age varied 2 to 3 days from LMP based gestational age and after that, the variation was 1 to 4 weeks. In case of FL, the ultrasonic...
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2000
Assessment of gestational age based on ultrasonic femur length after the first trimester: a simple ž / mathematical correlation between gestational age GA ž / ଝ and femur length FL Abstract Objecti¨e: The ultrasonic measurement of the fetal femur length is a sensitive and precise variable for estimation of fetal growth and development. The objective of this study was to predict gestational age in fetuses more than 13 weeks of gestation by ultrasound measurement of the femur length. Method: In this study, pregnant mothers were identified by the criteria of normalities such as: well-known LMP, regular menstrual cycles, no use of OCP for the last 3 months, no smoking, no history of diabetes, etc. Result: The relation between gestational age and fetal femur Ž . length has been determined by cross-sectional analysis of 900 normal fetuses G 14 weeks of gestation using real time ultrasonography. Mathematical modeling of the data has demonstrated that the femur growth curve is non-linear beyond 13 weeks of gestation. With the aid of a scientific calculator the data were analyzed and a simple Ž .
The Professional Medical Journal
Objective: To compare correct assessment of gestational age betweenTranscerebeller diameter versus femur length in third trimester (28-40) using first day of lastmenstrual period for actual period of gestation. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bahawal VictoriaHospital, Bahawalpur from Jun 2012 to Dec 2012. Methodology: This study was performed on327 patients in third trimester of pregnancy from 28-40 weeks fulfilling the inclusion criteria.Ultrasound measurements of transcerebellar diameter (TCD) and femur (FL) were made withcommercially available real time ultrasound equipment Toshiba Nemio-10 model 2009,Transducer frequency 50/60 Hz. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS version 10. Results: Outof 327 patients, TCD was found to give correct assessment corresponding to the gestational ageby LMP in 262 (80.1%) patients, while in 232 (70.9%) patients FL was found to give correctassessment corresponding...
International journal of scientific research, 2020
INTRODUCTION: Gestational age (GA) estimation, is a critical factor, in decision making in Pre-term care, Prognostication and Follow-up of the newborn. Unfortunately, in developing & resource restricted countries like, INDIA, in the absence of routine abdominal ultrasound, gestational age estimation is done by Ballard's score and Last menstrual period (LMP) dating, both of which are well predictive, but not accurate. In sick babies scoring becomes hazardous and difcult to estimate gestational age. AIM: The aim of this Co-relational, Observational study, was to determine whether postnatal foot length measurement, compared with Ultrasound, Ballard's score, could accurately determine Gestational age in neonates studied at, Durgapur steel plant hospital, West-Bengal, India. MATERIALS &METHODS: A VERNIER CALLIPER is used to accurately measure the foot-length (mid-point of heel to longest toe) INCLUSION CRITERION-babies born <24 hours of life; AGA (Appropriate for gestational age);USG done <12 weeks. EXCLUSION CRITERION-SGA(Small for gestational age);LGA(Large for gestational age); congenital anomalies,obvious disproportionate foot. RESULTS: A foot length GA model (FL-model) has been constructed by Regression, and plotted on a graph, to independently predict Gestational age from Post-natal Foot length. The curve obtained, on regression was denoted by, Gestational age in weeks = [(0.365 * Foot length in mm) +9.6] A sample test value of size 20, who has been randomly selected from the master sheet, has been tested on this regression model (FL-model). The Differential error between Foot-length predicted gestational age (Fl-model) and GA USG is 1.5%; The Differential error between Foot-length predicted gestational age (Fl-model) and GALMP is 2.1%; The Differential error between Foot-length predicted gestational age (Fl-model) and GA Ballard is 2.3%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study was done at a hospital in Eastern India. The male: female ratio of the study population was 49:51. This study was done in 200 newborns. If this study is done in a bigger sample size, it could lead to a Foot length model, that can be used with high accuracy to determine the Gestational age in a population, where there is poor utilization of antenatal ultrasound.
IOSR Journals , 2019
Obstetric sonography plays an important role in the accurate determination of intrauterine gestational age. The exemplary safety record of diagnostic ultrasound is probably an important reason that it has become so widely used. 1 Ultrasonic measurement of fetal biometry (CRL, BPD, FL) are considered to be reliable when they are performed in first & early 2nd trimester (<24 weeks). Currently there is no single fetal measurement used for accurate estimation of gestational age in the 3rd trimester especially in women who booked late & unsure about their LMPs. 2 Several longitudinal studies have been performed in the western countries concerning sonographic measurement of foetal kidney length. Initially these were done for diagnosis of renal malformation in utero & later on they were to find out the correlation between the fetal kidney length and the gestational age. So we also planned to measure the fetal kidney length sonographically & to consider it as a new parameter to determine the gestational age. Hence this study is to establish this linear correlation.
Ultrasonographic Fetal Gestational Age Determination by Biparietal Diameter
Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2017
Background: Size and body proportions at birth predict short and long term outcomes. The main determinant of perinatal mortality is low birth weight. Several development indicators like Biparietal diameter (BPD), Head Circumference (HC) and Femur Length (FL) are used to predict the gestational age. Aim: This study was designed to compare the accuracy of predicting gestational age by the measurements of biparietal diameter in the second and third trimester. Methods: This was a cross sectional study of uncomplicated 234 pregnant women of between 17 and 38 weeks of gestation. Results: Biparietal diameter measurements were tabulated against corresponding menstrual age and mean biparietal diameter. Conclusion: Accurate gestational age assessment is also essential in the evaluation of fetal growth and the detection of intrauterine growth restriction.