Two- and Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals Produced by Pulsed Laser Irradiation in Silver-Doped Glass (original) (raw)
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Plasmonics, 2012
Silver-exchanged silicate glass has been irradiated by 532-nm pulsed Nd:YAG laser in order to locally form metallic nanoparticles. The particular interest of this process is to locally control the silver nanoparticles (NPs) growth. Silver ions are exchanged with sodium ions near the glass surface after dumping of a silicate glass few minutes in silver and sodium nitrates molten salt. A low-energy density laser exposure (0.239 J/cm 2) chosen at the ablation threshold allows to observe the kinetics of the silver NPs growth according to the increasing shots number. An on-line optical measurement is carried out after each shot to identify the most important steps during the irradiation process. According to this measurement, we have determined four steps highlighted by UV/ Visible spectrophotometry and we have identified the influence of located surface plasmon resonance. Three combined material analysis methods were used to understand the glass/ laser interaction mechanism: we outlined the material volume variations by profilometric method, the element distribution by scanning electron microscopy and finally the structural distribution of the irradiated region by a local infrared investigation. The trend for NPs formation revealed by the UV/ Visible spectrophotometry is thus explained by the formation of a ring expelled from a central hole. We highlight that the online extinction measurement can be used to data process the NPs evolution.
Laser beam irradiation of silver doped silicate glasses
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2010
Planar light waveguides prepared by Ag-Na ion exchange in molten salt bath are irradiated with Nd:YAG laser beams at different wavelengths in the IR and VIS regions, and for different energy density and repetition rate values. The samples are characterized by optical spectroscopy to determine the role of irradiation parameters in the Ag clustering process, including aggregation phenomena and possible cluster photofragmentation. The appearance of the characteristic plasmon resonance feature in the optical absorption spectra marks the formation of Ag clusters, as observed by electronic microscopy as well, and permits to follow the evolution of the whole clustering process upon increasing of the deposited energy density. Photoluminescence spectroscopy has given specific information concerning the presence of Ag multimeric aggregates, considered as embryonic structures for the growing nanoclusters. The systematic investigation presented in this work is expected to clarify some aspects of the interaction between the laser beam and the doped glass matrix, and to help establishing suitable methodologies for the controlled preparation of nanocomposite glasses.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2016
Plasmonic Ag nanostructures were generated in glass surfaces by means of UV laser irradiation (193 nm). The aim of the work was to identify the correlations between the atomic structure of such nanoparticles and their optical properties. The structural characterization of the samples, prepared with different number of laser pulses was performed by Ag K-edge EXAFS. The processing of the spectra by the Fourier-transform analysis gave the values of Ag-Ag and AgO interactions averaged over ionic and neutral states of silver in the sample. The consistent analysis of the behavior of features in optical spectra and the obtained dependencies of Ag-Ag and AgO structural parameters upon the number of laser pulses enabled to suggest the mechanism of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles formation in silicate glass, which is influenced by the interaction with polyvalent ions (for example Fe 2+) and by defect centers (for example HTC and NBOHC centers) generated by UV irradiation.
Surface and Coatings Technology, 2004
Soda-lime silicate glasses implanted with 60 keV Ag + ions with a dose of 3 Â 10 16 ion/cm 2 at an ion current density of 10 AA/cm 2 were investigated. As a result of the ion implantation, a composite layer with silver nanoparticles is synthesised in the near-surface region. This layer is characterised by high non-uniformity in the size distribution of these particles over the depth of the layer. Subsequent pulsed laser irradiation in combination with furnace annealing makes it possible to modify this composite layer, improving the uniformity in the size distribution of the nanoparticles. This is particularly promising for development of the technology for fabrication of non-linear optical materials. To control the parameters of the obtained layers a method based on the analysis of the optical reflection spectra measured on the implanted side and on the rear side of a glass substrate is applied. In addition, factors influencing the experimental data are discussed and the optical extinction spectra of the nanoparticles in the glass are modelled using Mie theory.
Optical Materials Express, 2012
Glasses embedded with silver nanoparticles (NPs) have attractive properties because their optical properties can be adjusted by varying the size, shape, and packing density of the particles. Pulsed laser processing of such composite glasses is a promising approach in glass engineering. In this study, the growth of silver NPs in silver-exchanged soda-lime glasses by ultraviolet (UV) continuous wave (cw) laser irradiation is demonstrated. Highly concentrated NPs of large diameters (roughly 100 nm) are spread over several micrometers near the exposed area. Bleaching of these NPs is observed in the case of intense exposure and results in the imprints of the glass surface with nanoholes, together with the concomitant formation of ripples of a 150 nm period, at the edge of the laser spot. Therefore, cw UV laser processing of silver-exchanged glass leads to the growth of large NPs, unlike more commonly used pulsed lasers, and allows for the periodical patterning of the glass surface with ripples and nanoholes.
Journal of Applied Physics, 2012
Formation and motion of the silver nanoparticles inside an ion-exchanged soda-lime glass in the presence of a focused high intensity continuous wave Ar+ laser beam (intensity: 9.2 × 104 W/cm2) have been studied in here. One-dimensional diffusion equation has been used to model the diffusion of the silver ions into the glass matrix, and a two-dimensional reverse diffusion model has been introduced to explain the motion of the silver clusters and their migration toward the glass surface in the presence of the laser beam. The results of the mentioned models were in agreement with our measurements on thickness of the ion-exchange layer by means of optical microscopy and recorded morphology of the glass surface around the laser beam axis by using a Mirau interferometer. SEM micrographs were used to extract the size distribution of the migrated silver particles over the glass surface.
Optical Materials Express, 2014
Glass with embedded spherical silver nanoparticles of ~15 nm in radius contained in a layer with thickness of ~20 µm was irradiated using a nanosecond (36 ns) pulsed laser at 532 nm. Laser irradiation led to the formation of a thin surface film containing uniformly distributed nanoparticles -with an increase in the overall average nanoparticle size. Increasing the applied number of pulses to the sample resulted in the increase of the average size of the nanoparticles from 15 nm to 35 -70 nm in radius, and narrowing of the surface plasmon band compared to the absorption spectra of the original glass sample. The influence of the applied number of laser pulses on the optical and structural properties of such a recipient nanocomposite was investigated.
Nanosecond infrared laser-induced precipitation of silver nanoparticles in glass
Photonics Letters of Poland, 2013
In this work, we report our results on the effect of Ag nanoparticles precipitation in soda-lime glass (doped with silver ions) during irradiation with nanosecond Nd:YAG laser pulses at 1064nm. Using on-line, optical extinction measurements and exploiting the localized surface plasmon resonance, we studied the evolution of nanoparticles' radius, their concentration and identified several characteristic phases of their growth. The studied nanoparticles differ in size and concentration depending on the local fluence within the laser beam. These processes are accompanied by a continuous decrease of the dielectric constant of the glass matrix which reflects the reduction of concentration of silver ions.
Modifications in silver-doped silicate glasses induced by ns laser beams
Applied Surface Science, 2011
Glass layers for planar light waveguides prepared by Ag-Na ion exchange of different silicate glasses in molten salt baths are annealed and/or irradiated with a laser beam in the UV region, with different energy density values and total pulse numbers. The samples are mainly characterized by optical absorption spectroscopy, luminescence spectroscopy, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, in order to determine the role of irradiation parameters and of the host matrix structure in the aggregation phenomena. Photoluminescence spectroscopy gave information regarding the presence of Ag multimeric aggregates, the primal seeds for the growing (nano)crystals. The appearance of the plasmon resonance band in the optical absorption spectra proved the formation of Ag clusters and allowed the evolution steps of the clusterization process to be followed as a function of the energy deposited during the laser irradiation.