A preliminary validation of the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) inventory with normal adolescent samples (original) (raw)
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Journal of Personality Assessment, 2002
In this study, we evaluated the factor structure of the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) Inventory using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The PANSI assesses the frequency of negative risk and protective factors that are related to suicidal behavior. Participants (n = 195) were adolescent psychiatric inpatients, ages 14 to 17 years, in the CFA. Results of the CFA supported the fit for the 2-factor oblique model as the best fitting model. The internal consistency reliability estimates of the 2 subscales, the PANSI-Negative (α = .96) and the PANSI-Positive (α = .89) were high. Scores on the PANSI scales differentiated between suicide attempters and controls and those at severe risk for suicide and controls. Correlational analyses provide strong support for the concurrent validity of the scales. The results of the logistic regression analyses provide support for the use of this new inventory as a risk measure of suicide-related behaviors.
Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2005
The psychometric properties and factor structure of the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) Inventory are reported. Data from 220 Caucasian, 127 African American, 42 Latino/Hispanic, and 39 Asian American college students were collected and analyzed. Results indicate that the two-factor structure and internal consistency of the PANSI were upheld within the minority group sample; however, differences in responses to the PANSI subscales across racial/ethnic groups were observed. Correlational analyses support the convergent validity of the PANSI, although some group differences were noted. The identified group differences are discussed in terms of the utility of the PANSI and a potential need for separate racial/ethnic norms when assessing suicidal ideation and behaviors in diverse individuals. . However, most of the existing scales assessing suicide have focused on measuring either risk factors or factors that protect against suicide. For example, there are numerous scales assessing precursors of suicidal behavior, such as ideation (e.g., Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire; Reynolds, Preliminary results of this study were presented as a poster at
The Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory: Development and Validation
Psychological Reports, 1998
We conducted two studies to develop and vahdate a brief self-repon measure for assessing the frequency of positive and negative thoughts related to suicidal behavior Items on this new measure, the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation inventory, wcrc generated by undergraduates. In Study 1, we administered a 20-item version of the lnvcnrory to 150 male and 300 female undergraduates and conducted an exploratory principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation. Two factors, Positive Ideation and Negative Ideation, were retained. In Study 2, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to validate the fit of the one-facror and the oblique nvo-factor models to data from another sample of 84 men and 202 women. The oblique nvo-factor model provided an excellent fit to h e sample data. We also examined preliminary evidence of concurrent and predictive validity. Overall , these Find~ngs suggested that the inventory is a well-developed self-report measure for assessing the frequency of positive and negative thoughts related to suicidal behavior.
Psychometric properties and clinical utility of the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) in adolescents
BMC psychiatry, 2005
Accurate assessment of suicidality is of major importance in both clinical and research settings. The Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) is a well-established clinician-rating scale but its suitability to adolescents has not been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity, and to test an appropriate cutoff threshold for the SSI in a depressed adolescent outpatient population and controls. 218 adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic patients suffering from depressive disorders and 200 age- and sex-matched school-attending controls were evaluated by the SSI for presence and severity of suicidal ideation. Internal consistency, discriminative-, concurrent-, and construct validity as well as the screening properties of the SSI were evaluated. Cronbach's alpha for the whole SSI was 0.95. The SSI total score differentiated patients and controls, and increased statistically significantly in classes with increasing severity of suicidality derived from the...
Frontiers in Psychology, 2015
The PANSI is a measure designed to assess the risk and protective factors related to suicidal behaviors. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) Inventory in a sample of clinical outpatients at a major hospital in Malaysia. In this study, 283 psychiatric patients and 200 medical (non-psychiatric) patients participated. All the patients completed the PANSI and seven other self-report instruments. Confirmative factor analysis supported the 2-factor oblique model. The internal consistency of the two subscales of PANSI-Negative and the PANSI-Positive were 0.93 and 0.84, respectively. In testing construct validity, PANSI showed sizable correlation with the other seven scales. Criterion validity was supported by scores on PANSI which differentiated psychiatric patients from medical patients. Logistic regression analyses showed PANSI can be used to classify the patients into suicidal or non-suicidal. The PANSI is a reliable and valid instrument to measure the severity of suicidal ideation among clinical outpatients in Malaysia.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2011
Objective-Research on suicide prevention and interventions requires a standard method for assessing both suicidal ideation and behavior to identify those at risk and to track treatment response. The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) was designed to quantify the severity of suicidal ideation and behavior. The authors examined the psychometric properties of the scale. Method-The C-SSRS's validity relative to other measures of suicidal ideation and behavior and the internal consistency of its intensity of ideation subscale were analyzed in three multisite studies: a treatment study of adolescent suicide attempters (N=124); a medication efficacy trial with depressed adolescents (N=312); and a study of adults presenting to an emergency department for psychiatric reasons (N=237). Results-The C-SSRS demonstrated good convergent and divergent validity with other multiinformant suicidal ideation and behavior scales and had high sensitivity and specificity for suicidal
A Measure of Adolescent Potential for Suicide (MAPS): Development and Preliminary Findings
Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior
This paper describes an instrument designed to assess the suicide potential of youth 14-18 years of age who are at risk for suicidal behaviors. A comprehensive measurement theory provides the basis for three central constructs in the Measure of Adolescent Potential for Suicide (MAPS): direct suicide risk factors, related risk factors, and protective factors. The MAPS entails an introductory questionnaire followed by a computer-assisted, structured interview. Two samples were used to examine psychometric properties of the MAPS (n = 43; n = 123). Results revealed generally strong validity (content, criterion, construct) and reliability (internal consistency) for the MAPS. Further verification studies with large and diverse samples are warranted.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1997
The authors conducted the 1st large-sample factor-analytic study of the Modified Scale for Suicidal Ideation (MSSI; I. W. Miller, W. H. Norman, S. B. Bishop, & M. G. Dow, 1986) on a sample of 330 suicidal young adults. Factor analyses revealed 2 MSSI factors: Suicidal Desire and Ideation (ongoing thoughts or desires about suicide) and Resolved Plans and Preparation (intense thoughts, plans, and courage and capability to commit suicide). The Resolved Plans and Preparation factor was more related to Attempt versus Ideator status than was the Suicidal Desire and Ideation factor. The Suicidal Desire and Ideation factor was more highly related to depressotypic indicators than was the other factor, suggesting that level of depression, although predictive of ideation, may not be as strong aeon-elate of preparation. Comparison of depression-and anxiety-related diagnostic groups on the MSSI factors revealed little difference, consistent with previous work highlighting the occurrence of suicidality across diagnostic groups. These findings have implications for the structure of suicidality, as well as its clinical assessment. Beck, Kovacs, and Weissman (1979) developed the Scale for Suicidal Ideation, a semistructured, clinician-rated measure of suicidality. Although Beck et at. provided some initial reliability and validity data, an essential piece of the scale's construct validity regarding its factorial structure was not fully assessed. In an exploratory analysis, Beck et al. found three factors: Active Suicidal Desire, Passive Suicidal Desire, and Suicidal Behavior. Using a self-report version of the scale, Steer, Rissmiller, Ranieri, and Beck (1993) reported a slightly different structure, again using an exploratory approach. These authors identified the following factors: Desire for Death, Active Suicidal Desire, and Preparation for Suicide (cf. Beck, Kovacs, & Weissman's [1979] Suicidal Behavior). Although the Steer et al. and Beck, Kovacs, and Weissman studies assigned similar labels to the three factors, there was substantial variability regarding which items comprised which factor (e.g., wish to die loaded on Active
2006
Background: To investigate the predisposing and precipitating risk factors for suicide ideations and suicide attempts in young and adolescent females, we tried to introduce a holistic model of suicidal behavior in young and adolescent girls. Methods: This study is based on the survey studies and was cross-sectional. Considering high rates of suicide attempts in provinces of Iran, three provinces (Kermanshah, Hamedan, Ilam) which had the highest rates of completed suicide were selected. Then among female high school students (aged 14 to 21 years), in two stages a representative sample was selected by a multi-clusteral and simple randomized sampling methods. The research data were gathered by administering (1) The inventory of predisposing and precipitating factors of suicide, demographic and family characteristics (based on the literature review) (2) Symptom Check List (SCL) 90-R (3) Suicidality Subscale of the Depressive Symptom Index (DSI-SS) (4) Center for Epidemiological Studies (CED-SSI) (5) Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and (6) Child Abuse Self Report Scale (CASRS). Then, subjects were characterized by dividing them in to two categories: at risk, and low risk. The scores of 2 categories were analyzed and discussed. Results: Relationships were found between suicide ideations and psychological problems and disorders (especially depression). Also, the students who reported suicide ideation and suicide attempt had a history of being abused. Based on the results, predisposing and precipitating risk factors and also some protective factors of suicide ideations and suicide attempts were found and a theoretical model was presented. Conclusion: Some predisposing, precipitating and protective factors can predict suicide ideation and suicide attempts significantly.
Archives of Suicide Research, 2016
Using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), we examined the predictive and incremental predictive validity of past-month suicidal behavior and ideation for short-term suicidal behavior among adolescents at high risk of suicide. The study was conducted in 2014 on a sample of 85 adolescents (90.6% females) who participated at follow-up (85.9%) out of the 99 (49.7%) baseline respondents. All adolescents were recruited from a specialized suicide-prevention clinic in Denmark. Through multivariate logistic regression analyses, we examined whether baseline suicidal behavior predicted subsequent suicidal behavior (actual attempts and suicidal behavior of any type, including preparatory acts, aborted, interrupted and actual attempts; mean follow-up of 80.8 days, SD ¼ 52.4). Furthermore, we examined whether suicidal ideation severity and intensity incrementally predicted suicidal behavior at follow-up over and above suicidal behavior at baseline. Actual suicide attempts at baseline strongly predicted suicide attempts at follow-up. Baseline suicidal ideation severity and intensity did not significantly predict future actual attempts over and above baseline attempts. The suicidal ideation intensity items deterrents and duration were significant predictors of subsequent actual attempts after adjustment for baseline suicide attempts and suicidal behavior of any type, respectively. Suicidal ideation severity and intensity, and the intensity items frequency, duration and deterrents, all significantly predicted any type of suicidal behavior at follow-up, also after adjusting for baseline suicidal behavior. The present study points to an incremental predictive validity of the C-SSRS suicidal ideation scales for shortterm suicidal behavior of any type among high-risk adolescents.