Oxidative Stress Is Progressively Enhanced With Advancing Stages of CKD (original) (raw)
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Research Square (Research Square), 2022
Introduction: Oxidative stress is de ned as an imbalance between oxidant production and antioxidant defense mechanisms, in favor of oxidant production. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hemodialysis (HD) has also been described to contribute remarkably to oxidative stress in CKD patients. This study aims to evaluate the levels of different oxidative stress biomarkers in Syrian patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) that also analyzed the effect of HD on redox status. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from CKD (n=30) and HD (n=30) patients and healthy individuals (n=30), and the following markers of oxidative stress were analyzed: malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), glutathione (GSH), in addition to Hgb, Hct, CRP and Cr. Results: We have found that the levels of MDA, AOPP, CRP, and Cr in CKD and HD groups were signi cantly higher than in the control group (P=0.0001, P=0.003, P=0.0001, and P=0.0001 respectively). Also, we have found that the levels of GSH, Hgb, and Hct in CKD and HD groups were signi cantly lower than in the control group (P=0.0001, P=0.0001and P=0.0001, respectively). On the other hand, there were no statistically signi cant differences (P>0.05) in MDA, AOPP, GSH, and CRP between CKD and HD groups whilst there were statistically signi cant differences (P<0.05) in Hgb, Hct, and Cr between CKD and HD groups. Conclusions: CKD and HD patients have both higher concentrations of all studied serum oxidative stress biomarkers and decreased concentrations of antioxidants. Also, the results showed that the greatest in uence on the development of oxidative stress is the severity of renal failure rather than Hemodialysis treatment.
High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention, 2010
Introduction: Evidence suggests that decreased haemoglobin plasma concentration may be a predictor of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that in CKD patients, oxidative stress could influence the development of cardiovascular damage via a relationship with haemoglobin levels. Methods: We assayed plasma levels of the biomarker of oxidative stress 8-ISO-prostaglandin F2a (8-ISO-PGF2a) and of haemoglobin in 193 stage 2-5 CKD patients, investigating their relationship. Eighty healthy subjects and 80 patients with primary hypertension having normal renal function were enrolled as controls. Results: The CKD group was divided according to 8-ISO-PGF2a quartiles, and decreasing levels of both haemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) along with increasing quartiles were observed. In the 193 CKD patients, the linear analysis of correlation showed inverse correlations of 8-ISO-PGF2a with both haemoglobin and eGFR (r = -0.47; r = -0.81; p < 0.00001, respectively). In the control groups, no correlation between haemoglobin and 8-ISO-PGF2a was found. The multiple regression analysis carried out in CKD patients, by a model with 8-ISO-PGF2a as the dependent variable, and including haemoglobin and all confounding factors, confirmed the inverse relationship between haemoglobin and 8-ISO-PGF2a (b = -0.50; p < 0.00001). In this model, only when eGFR was added did the relationship between haemoglobin and 8-ISO-PGF2a lose statistical significance. In this final multivariate model, 8-ISO-PGF2a correlated independently with eGFR (b = -0.82; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: In CKD, haemoglobin plasma level is inversely related to oxidative stress, depending on GFR. It remains to be elucidated whether or not the biochemistry of nitric oxide and haemoglobin interaction has a role in causing this relationship.
Assessment of serum biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with chronic renal failure
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry
Chronic renal failure (CRF) is becoming a major health challenges among worldwide. Incidence of the disease is alarming, because an insufficient therapeutic methods. Based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the CRF is being classifying in to numerous phases. Recent guidelines classified the severity of CRF into 5 phases. First stage is being the mildest and fifth stage being a severe illness with less lifeexpansion.The present study was designed to assess the link between CRF and oxidative stress markers, urea, creatinine and serum creatinine levels in Patients with chronic renal failure.A total fifty CRF patients and fifty healthy control subjects were considered, based on the eGFR values patients were assigned to five phases. The results indicating that serum lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in all the phases of CRF patients when compared to the controls. Serum superoxide dismutase mean values are not showing any variation in first phase but, in later phases values were graduallydecreased as compared to control subjects. The study reinforce the possibility that antioxidant supplementation is helpful to CRF patents. It is extremely important to know oxidative stress in CRF patient right from the time of diagnosis is made. Efforts should be made to reduce oxidative stress by using antioxidant supplements and nutritional repletion.
Oxidative Stress in Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Background: Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality at any stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Moreover, the high rate of cardiovascular mortality observed in these patients is associated with an accelerated atherosclerosis process that likely starts at the early stages of CKD. Thus, traditional and non-traditional or uremic-related factors represent a link between CKD and cardiovascular risk. Among non-conventional risk factors, particular focus has been placed on anaemia, mineral and bone disorders, inflammation, malnutrition and oxidative stress and, in this regard, connections have been reported between oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients. Methods: We evaluated the oxidation process in different molecular lines (proteins, lipids and genetic material) in 155 non-dialysis patients at different stages of CKD and 45 healthy controls. To assess oxidative stress status, we analyzed oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reduc...
F1000Research
Background: Several aspects of chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as the incidence rate and mortality rate are concerning. Oxidative stress contributes to progression and mortality in patients with CKD; however, a specific correlation between several markers of oxidative stress and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) in the Indonesian population has not been sufficiently described yet. Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a sample of 56 patients with CKD in Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from December 2019 – March 2020. The markers for oxidative stress investigated were urinary 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). The correlations between each variable of oxidative stress and CKD were analyzed using Pearson analysis. Results: There was a positive correlation between 8-OHdG and eGFR (p=0.00, r=0.51); however, there...
Renal Failure, 2011
Aim: Oxidative stress (OS) and endothelial dysfunction are implicated in accelerated atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We assessed endothelial function, OS, and carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) and their correlates in 44 CKD stage 5 patients (group III) before and after hemodialysis (HD), 40 patients of CKD stages 3 and 4 (group II), and 25 matched controls (group I). Methods: OS was measured by serum concentration of antioxidants; vitamin C and fractional reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and pro-oxidant; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Ultrasonography of carotid artery for CIMT and of brachial artery for flow-mediated dilatation (endothelium-dependent dilatation, EDD) was done. Results: TBARS increased significantly with severity of CKD. Antioxidants FRAP and vitamin C were significantly lower in CKD patients as compared with controls, but there was no significant difference between groups II and III. EDD decreased significantly with severity of CKD, whereas CIMT though higher in CKD patients as compared with controls was not significantly different between groups II and III. After a session of HD as compared with predialysis, levels of TBARS decreased, whereas those of FRAP, vitamin C, and EDD increased. On multivariate analysis, there was negative correlation of TBARS with glomerular filtration rate (GFR), serum albumin, hemoglobin, and EDD. Vitamin C had positive correlations with GFR, serum albumin, hemoglobin, and EDD. EDD had direct correlation with GFR, whereas CIMT correlated negatively with EDD. Conclusions: Endothelial dysfunction and OS occur early in CKD, are closely related to each other and structural atherosclerosis, and are proportional to decline in GFR.
The evaluation of oxidative stress in patients with chronic renal failure
Clinica Chimica Acta, 2002
Background: Free radical-mediated changes are thought to be involved with atherosclerosis in patients with chronic renal failure. Methods: The protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum as the markers of radical-induced protein and lipid oxidations were measured in chronic renal failure patients. Results: Serum carbonyl and MDA levels in both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients were not found to be different as compared with healthy subjects. In both patient groups, the approximately twofold increment in total antioxidant activity (ferric reducing/antioxidant power; FRAP) and uric acid values in serum were found. The high uric acid levels in both patient groups might be partly responsible for the increment in FRAP values. In addition, all patients received multivitamin preparations including ascorbate, which was also a major antioxidant in serum. Conclusions: Our data suggest that oxidative stress does not become the major threat for patients with chronic renal failure. The increment in endogenous and exogenous antioxidant capacities in serum might be thought to prevent any possible radical-induced damage in patients with chronic renal failure. In addition, the increased nitric oxide (NO) levels especially in hemodialysis patients might likely favor an antioxidant effect. D