Increased Scalp Hair Cortisol Concentrations in Obese Children (original) (raw)
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Children
Childhood obesity has been linked to physical and psychological comorbidities that can be carried into adulthood. A bidirectional link between body weight and the stress system appears to exist, as cortisol may affect the regulation of appetite, while adiposity can affect cortisol secretion. Among the biological tissues used to evaluate cortisol concentrations, scalp hair can provide retrospective measures. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the difference in hair cortisol concentrations between obese and non-obese minors ≤ 19 years of age. Children and adolescents with genetic, somatic or psychiatric comorbidities were excluded. The work was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, using prespecified search terms in the Pubmed database. The initial search yielded 56 studies, while the last step of the screening procedure concluded in 9 observational studies. Among them, the results could be characterized as inconclusive. Five of them demonstrated significantly h...
Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2017
Cortisol, a key mediator of the stress response, has been associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome manifestations as early as in childhood. Scalp hair cortisol has been proposed as a reliable index of long-term circulating cortisol. We aimed to investigate whether obese prepubertal girls have higher scalp hair cortisol than normal-weight controls and whether hair cortisol levels are correlated with salivary cortisol concentrations in these groups. In this cross-sectional study, 25 obese girls and 25 normal-weighted, age-matched girls were enrolled. Anthropometric evaluation, blood chemistry and salivary cortisol measurements were performed, and body mass index (BMI) and areas under the curve with respect to ground (AUCg) were calculated. Hair cortisol determination was performed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Both hair cortisol concentrations and salivary cortisol AUCs were higher in the obese than the normal-weight girls (p < .001 and p = .002, respec...
Long-term cortisol levels measured in scalp hair of obese patients
Obesity, 2014
Objective: In obese subjects a relatively high cortisol output in urine has been observed compared to nonobese individuals. However, cortisol levels in blood, saliva, and urine in association with obesity have been inconsistent across studies, possibly due to the high variability of systemic cortisol levels. Cortisol levels measured in scalp hair provide a marker for long-term cortisol exposure, and have been associated with cardiovascular disease in an elderly population and to disease course in Cushing's disease. We aimed to compare hair cortisol levels between obese patients and nonobese controls. Methods: Hair cortisol levels of 47 obese patients (median BMI 38.8, range 31.1-65.8), 41 overweight, and 87 normal-weight subjects using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were measured. Results: Obese patients had higher hair cortisol levels than overweight and normal weight subjects (respectively 30.8 vs 8.5 and 8.4 pg/mg hair, P < 0.001). No significant difference in hair cortisol levels was found between normal weight and overweight subjects. Conclusions: Our results suggest a higher long-term cortisol exposure in obese patients, which may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk. Future research will determine whether long-term cortisol levels provide a novel treatment target in the management of cardiovascular disease risk in obesity.
Associations of Hair Cortisol Concentrations with General and Organ Fat Measures in Childhood
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2020
Context Stress may lead to an adverse body fat distribution from childhood onwards. Objective To examine the associations of hair cortisol concentration (HCC) at 6 years with general and organ fat measures, risk of overweight, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) at 10 years and to assess whether these were independent of adiposity measures at 6 years. Design, Setting and participants HCCs were measured in hair of 6-year-old children (n = 2042) participating in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study. Main Outcome Measures Body mass index (BMI), fat mass index measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, and visceral fat index, pericardial fat index, liver fat fraction measured by magnetic resonance imaging and risk of overweight and NAFLD were obtained at 10 years. Results The associations of higher HCC at 6 years, with higher BMI, fat mass index, and increased risk of overweight at age 10 years are explained by the relationships observed a...
2016
5 ES P E Poster presented at: Eirini Christakia, Chrysanthe Papafotioua, Despoina Bastakia, Erica L.T. van den Akkerb, Vincent L. Westerb, Dario Boschieroc, Panagiota Pervanidoua, Christina Kanaka-Gantenbeina & George Chrousosa aFirst Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; bDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; cBiotekna, Venice, Italy
PLOS ONE
Background The association between chronically elevated cortisol, as measured by hair cortisol concentration (HCC), and dietary intake among children has generally not been explored. Moreover, it is unknown whether there is an association between parental HCC and dietary intake among their children. Objective To examine associations between HCC and dietary intake among children, and to explore the association between parental HCC and dietary intake among their children. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study based on 296 children predisposed to overweight and obesity who participated in the Healthy Start study. Multiple Linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between HCC and total energy intake, macronutrients, fruit and vegetables, added sugar, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), and a diet quality index (DQI). Results Among the children, we found that higher HCC was associated with a lower consumption of dietary fat (β:-0.7 g/day [95% CI:-1.3,-0.0] per 100 pg/mg HCC). We found no statistically significant association between HCC and intake of total energy, protein, carbohydrate, fruit and vegetables, added sugar, SSB or DQI. We found no association between parental HCC
The Journal of Pediatrics, 2007
Objective To investigate whether truncal distribution of fat mass (TDFM) is associated with variations of the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity in prepubertal obese children. Study design TDFM, assessed with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and a comprehensive set of measures of HPA axis activity and reactivity have been studied in 45 prepubertal obese children aged 6 to 11 years (girls) and 6 to 13 years (boys). Results After adjustment for whole body fat mass (%) (WBFM), TDFM correlated positively with insulin (r ؍ 0.50, 95% CI [0.23; 0.70]) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (r ؍ 0.52, 95% CI [0.25; 0.71]). When adjusted for WBFM, TDFM correlated positively with morning plasma cortisol (r ؍ 0.38, 95% CI [0.15; 0.64]) in the total population. TDFM correlated negatively with the rise of salivary cortisol after a standard meal (r ؍ ؊0.43, 95% CI [؊0.71; ؊0.02]), obviously in girls. When adjusted for WBFM and TDFM, morning plasma cortisol correlated positively with total cholesterol (r ؍ 0.41, 95% CI [0.11; 0.65]) and triglyceride (r ؍ 0.44, 95% CI [0.14; 0.67]). The rise of salivary cortisol after a standard meal was negatively (r ؍ ؊0.56, 95% CI [؊0.85; ؊0.01]) and positively (r ؍ 0.74, 95% CI [0.16; 0.94]) correlated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in boys and girls, respectively.
Hair cortisol, obesity and the immune system: Results from a 3 year longitudinal study
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2021
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