Gardens of New Spain (original) (raw)
Related papers
6 07 Journal article Spanish Gardens SR.doc
Lessons for Australia from Spain, which retains Europe’s oldest public landscaped space (748AD) and oldest surviving garden (c1250AD) and is rich in garden history. Waves of invasion, conversion to and mediation between cultures have fostered layered landscapes reflecting the adapting of old spaces and agri-/horticultural traditions, a place now unafraid of the new, yet fiercely proud of tradition. Recent designers and management trends will be discussed in the context of environmental sustainability, population demographics and increasing engagement with the outside world.
ATLAS OF LANDSCAPES OF MEMORY. GALICIA 1579-1865 (RESUME THESIS)
In recent times, the study of maps and cartography has evolved " to extend beyond the idea of maps as ever-improving representations of the geographical world, at least three approaches have been developed and championed: the map as cognitive system, the map as material culture, and the map as social construction " (Woodward, & Lewis, 1998). Maps commence to be valued as a source of significant information, not only as historical testimony of social and cultural change but also as an effective instrument for investigating and inducing phenomena and processes. A map is a useful tool for understanding better our surroundings, asserting the role of the imagination in cartography. Maps are lively elements in the creation of the collective imagination. From this point of view, and given that the landscape is without doubt a cultural transformation of territories, one can establish the hypothesis of considering some maps as landscape.
Sustainability , 2022
Landscapes have history and memory, which are eloquent generators of testimonies and traces on the processes of the landscape that take place today, and that will take place in the future. In recent years, numerous methods of analysing land and landscape patterns have been developed and evaluated, based on the multiplicity of these type of geographic and historical data sources, which have developed the concept of the geohistorical source. The goal of these sources of information allows us to historically reconstruct landscapes. With this in mind, the basic objective of the present research is to approach a geohistorical source with a wide spatial spectrum in Europe and America: the geographical and topographical relations of Philip II. This source has been chosen for the quality, quantity, variety and systematization of the data it provides on the territory and landscape of the crown of Castile. In addition, it ended up being the model of how to obtain organized and homogeneous knowledge of a large spatial area, considering the geographical, anthropological and historical data of the different territories. This geohistorical source is reliable, because the local authorities, both secular and ecclesiastical, are questioned, as they are the ones who inhabit, use, and, at different levels, govern the territory and its people.
In the last two decades, the archaeology of the Iberian Peninsula for both Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages has grown in scale, depth and understanding. Currently, these periods of important historical transition occupy an increasingly prominent position in archaeological research, as reflected in publications, projects, and conferences, these exploring themes such as landscape change, the reorganization of rural settlement and the evolution (or not) of towns and the socio-economic characters of these centres and their territories. To fully evaluate these changing settlement patterns and social dynamics in the face of changing polities between the 5th and 8th centuries AD – from late Roman to Visigothic to Arab control – it is of course essential to create a broader panorama of these (at times) confused and chaotic times. As this paper seeks to show, however, change is happening, owing much to the current invigoration of Spanish early medieval archaeology; indeed, a very striking feature of very recent archaeological and historical debate for the period is the greater inclusion of Spain within wider European debates. The images generated for Spain – as discussed in this paper – reveal coincidences with other territories, but also much diversity.