Revealing the role of agricultural contracts in rural livelihoods in Uzbekistan (original) (raw)
Related papers
2015
Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your personal and scholarly purposes. You are not to copy documents for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. If the documents have been made available under an Open Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence.
2008
Over fifteen years have elapsed since the process of transition from the socialist system started in the early 1990s. During this time, Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia have undergone profound structural change with wide variation in the amount of transformation in rural areas. In retrospect, it can be seen that the countries that chose to transform their socialized agriculture into a private-ownership and market-based system experienced the most positive economic performance. These countries in 2004 became members of the European Union, and left the classical stages of transition behind. Looking at the developments of the past one and a half decade, it is clear, however, that the initial expectations for the transformation in the bulk of the region were overly optimistic and the transition process in agriculture is far more complex than originally envisaged. It is widely recognized, for instance, that the importance of functioning institutions was underestimated at the o...
Structural change in the farming sectors in Central and Eastern Europe
World Bank Technical Papers WTP465, 2000
Proceedings of a workshop on Structural Change in the Farming Sectors of Central and Eastern Europe: Lessons and Implications for EU Accession, organized by World Bank and FAO in Warsaw, June 1999. This volume examines the reforms and policy changes necessary in the food and agriculture sectors of the ten Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries that have started the accession process for eventual membership in the European Union (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia). The papers in this report are selected from the presentations at the Second World Bank/FAO EU Accession Workshop held in Warsaw, Poland, on June 27-29, 1999. They are organized around three topics: 1) evolving farm structures and competitiveness in agriculture; 2) land laws and legal institutions for development of land markets and farm restructuring; and 3) development of farm services for improved competitiveness. The workshop concluded that there has been significant progress toward the goals of market-oriented agriculture, but the structural change in the farming sector in CEE has not been completed. Several of the initial tasks of transforming the inherited structure into a system based on market principles and private ownership have not been fully realized in some countries. These uncompleted tasks include land privatization, land titling and registration, restructuring and consolidation of the new farming units, and more. Significant further changes can be expected in the pre-accession period, and although the main directions of change are foreseeable, the specific outcome of the changes in the farming structure is uncertain.
Routledge, 2011
This book looks at agriculture and the environment, placed within the dynamic context of post-communist societal change and entry into the European Union (EU). Scrieciu explores developments in eleven Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries and argues for agriculture’s natural place in these societies. The history of these countries is significant in how it has shaped the institutions and influenced the outcomes. In many cases, during communism, agriculture was not considered a strategic branch for a nation's development. An ecological consciousness did not figure high on the agendas of authoritarian regimes. After 1990, some post-communist farm economies progressed slower than others, and environmental pressures mostly diminished with agricultural restructuring. In parts of CEE, increases in numbers of low-input small farms have resulted in some, though largely unintended, ecological benefits. A dual environmental challenge has nevertheless surfaced. On one hand, environmentally unsustainable practices have been attributed to some low-input farming. On the other hand, risks of farm over-intensification and resource overexploitation are on the rise. Also, environmental regulatory and institutional frameworks are not always effectively in place. EU membership is not creating the anticipated benefits for farm growth. There are a number of systemic structural barriers preventing many farmers from drawing on Common Agricultural Policy incentives and support. The presence of many vulnerable poor farms is clearly problematic, particularly economically. However, small-scale farms could be made more acceptable and profitable by ensuring EU policies acknowledge their value and by building institutions to support alternative farm growth strategies, aside from the traditional European model of individual corporate farm expansion. The voluntary uptake of grassroots rural cooperation and farm associations may represent such an alternative. Future European farm policy reforms need to reach the small and vulnerable, and better tackle issues of farm equity, poverty, and agricultural sustainability in the new Europe. This is a timely contribution as this type of "transition" has just begun. This book should be of use to students and researchers looking at agricultural and environmental economics, post-communist rural societal change, European integration and the Common Agricultural Policy. It may be also useful and of high relevance to policy analysts and those involved in agricultural and rural development policy-making in the region or in other countries facing similar problems.
2001
Studies of the transition process remind us of Stiglitz's comparison between pathology and the economic analysis of institutions (1989): asking what went wrong and what did not is the essence of understanding the functioning of social systems. Thus, carefully conducted empirical studies of the transition process itself may yield elucidative results applicable not only to theory but also to institutional policy changes in transition.
Agriculture and Eu Enlargement
Romanian Journal of European Affairs, 2002
Agriculture poses considerable tensions for enlargement of the European Union, because of its continuing importance both in the economies of the applicant countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and in the EU budget and acquis communautaire. The preparation of agriculture in the candidate countries to join the EU is rendered more complex by the fact that the Community's Common Agricultural Policy is a moving target. The aim of this paper is to provide a survey of recent developments relating to food and agriculture in the EU and Central and East European candidate countries in order to indicate the main challenges and difficulties posed by enlargement. It seems likely that agricultural policy in an enlarged EU will attach increased priority to objectives such as food safety, rural development and the environment. However, these new priorities may be expensive to realise, and may impose a growing burden on the national budgets of EU member states.
The Common Agricultural Policy Through Reforms Toward Europe 2020.
At the start of the European integration process, although the focus was on the European Coal and Steel Community, the specific treatment of agriculture was well-known information. Often, the agricultural sector was the decisive factor in the dynamics and intensity of the integration process as a whole. That role of agriculture is maintained, but in a lot of changed conditions and with different strategy that includes the development of new targets and mechanisms. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has more than 50 years one of the most expensive and the most intriguing of all EU policies. It, beside regional policy, is a key policy and many aspects of other policies of EU are diffracted on this topic. The aim of this research is the intersection of the previous reforms of the CAP until the Agenda “Europe 2020” and influence on the agricultural income and direct payments on selected countries – Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia. During research, we have used the methods of economic and political analysis and comparative-historical and current structural and dynamic context of the EU.
Agricultural Sector Transformation in Selected Countries of South Eastern Europe
Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 2014
Governing the process of economic transformation is one of the most prominent issues arising since the fall of the Iron Curtain. After the successful transition model of the Central and Eastern European countries and their EU accession, the main anchors of the EU enlargement are directed into the South Eastern part of the continent. Most obviously, the EU enlargement is entering into the new phase of its expansion. In this paper we evaluate the state of transformation in the agricultural sector of the potential EU members comprising countries constituting the South Eastern Europe (the Western Balkans), and Turkey. We analyze whether the significant transitional changes occurred in the agricultural sector in observed countries. The main areas of our interest involve the comparative analysis of the state of economic transformation and the income convergence, the economic importance of agriculture in the potential EU Members, impact of economic transformation on the agricultural assets, agricultural policy implications, investigation of consumption patterns and poverty prevalence.