Blood donor deferral in Minas Gerais State, Brazil: blood centers as sentinels of urban population health (original) (raw)
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Journal of Blood Disorders & Transfusion, 2015
Introduction: Blood banks must ensure reliability of blood supplies. However many prospective donors are temporarily deferred due to reasons that are preventable. Objective: To describe the reasons for deferral of prospective blood donors at a local Blood Collection Centre. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive analysis of reasons for deferral of 488 prospective blood donors between April 2011 and May 2012. They were screened using the Pan American Health Organization 2009 guidelines. Haemoglobin was assessed using the Copper sulphate (CuSO 4) Method: 293 subjects (60.04%), or HemoCue Hb201+: 195 subjects (39.96%). Results: 179(36.7%) were females aged 18 to 59years. The commonest reason for deferral was high blood pressure: 126donors (25.8%). Others included lack of sleep 27 (5.5%), not eating prior: 5(1.02%), drank alcohol/ smoked prior, 9 (1.84%), tattoo/piercing, 14 (2.87%), breast feeding, inter-current illnesses, and "too soon" after a previous donation. 57(11.7%), were deferred due to low haemoglobin. 16 (28.1%), were screened using CuSO 4 and 41(71.9%) using HemoCue. Conclusion: A high percentage of deferrals were due to hypertension or reasons that would not potentially endanger the blood recipients and could be prevented. This emphasizes the need for education of potential donor populations in order to avoid unfruitful blood bank visits. Deferrals based on low haemoglobin were higher using Hemocue method.
Analysis of Deferred Blood Donor Candidates at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2023
Background: The selection of blood donor candidates contributes to the safety of donors and donor recipients. An understanding of the characteristics, demographic characteristics, and types of potential blood donors are essential to obtain an accurate picture of the donor donors, thereby guiding recruitment strategies and providing benchmarks to assess the success of blood donation. Objective: This scientific work aims to analyze the deferred blood donor candidates annually based on the required blood donor characteristics at the Blood Transfusion Unit (BTU) of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from 2017 to 2019. Method: This observational analytic study applied a retrospective design and was conducted at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. The data were collected from the donor registration information system and database in the blood request system for the 2017-2019 period. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test in the SPSS version 22. Results: The deferred blood donor candidates in 2017-2019 amounted to 618 (0.82%) out of 75,067 total blood donors, most of whom were female, reaching an annual percentage of 50.7% in 2017, 50.9% in 2018, and 59.1% in 2019. The age range of both male and female deferred blood donor candidates was 17-30 years. The Hb levels of < 12.5 g/dL were mostly found in female blood donors, reaching a peak of 82.4% in 2017, 83.9% in 2018, and 85.4.6% in 2019. Voluntary blood donors accounted for 94.7% (in 2017), 98.6% (in 2018), and 100% (in 2019) of the female deferred blood donor candidates. All analytical tests resulted in a p-value of < 0.0001. Most of the deferred blood donor candidates had blood type O with a p = 0.026. The most common cause of deferral was high or low Hb levels in female blood donors with an age range of 17-30 years. Conclusions: The deferred blood donor candidates in 2017-2019 amounted to 618 (0.82%) out of 75,067 total blood donors, most of whom were female with the most common deferral reason of Hb levels < 12.5 g/dL in the age range of 17-30 years.
Analysis of donor deferral at three blood centers in Brazil
Transfusion, 2013
The safety of the blood supply is ensured through several procedures from donor selection to testing of donated units. Examination of the donor deferrals at different centers provides insights into the role that deferrals play in transfusion safety.
Evaluation of Blood Donors Deferment and Their Causes in a Tertiary Health Centre, Dr SCGMC NANDED
Blood transfusion is a lifesaving intervention globally. In the blood donation it is very important to maintain the safety of donors therefore blood donor selection is of utmost importance as the screening of blood bags for infectious diseases. However due to deferment of blood donors in blood donation camp there is loss of valuable blood and blood components which can be used to save many lives. Therefore it is necessary to prevent the deferment of blood donors and thus we conducted this study to know various causes and prevalence of blood donors deferment in our hospital DR. SCGMC NANDED. METHODS: A retrospective study of donors from 1 August 2019-31 July 2020 was conducted from the data collected from Blood bank camp Donor register of DR. SCGMC, NANDED and was analyzed further to know the temporary and permanent causes of deferment and their prevalence. RESULT: Of total 1850 number of registered donors, total number of deferrals were 62 (3.34%) of which 37 (59.67%) were temporary deferrals and 25(40.33%) were permanent deferrals. Anaemia and hypertension were found out to be the most common causes of deferrals in this study. CONCLUSION: Such study can be used to understand and improve selection criteria for blood donation in future. More and more emphasis can be given on safety of donors and in motivation of temporary deferrals to come for blood donation in future.
Demographical Pattern of Blood Donors and Pre-Donation Deferral Causes in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
Journal of Blood Medicine
Background: Understanding the demographic features of blood donors is important for identifying the donor structure and guiding the recruitment and retention strategies of donors. This study was aimed to determine the demographic characteristics of blood donors, the types of donation drives, and the frequency and reasons for pre-donation deferral in our population. Methods: This cross-sectional study included data analysis of all prospective blood donors presenting themselves for donation at the Blood Bank of the King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia between January 2010 and December 2018. Eligibility of blood donation was assessed using a standardized history questionnaire, physical examination, hemoglobin estimation, pulse rate, blood pressure, and temperature. The questionnaire included the demographic features of the donor such as age, gender, and the reason for donation and other specific risk factors that potentially affect the safety of the donor or the recipient. Data analyzed using the analysis of SPSS version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) were used to calculate the unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and the respective 95% confidence interval for the association between the various demographic parameters. Results: A total of 28,189 potential donations were recorded during the study period; of these, 77.4% were family replacements with females accounting for only 1.8% of all donations. Most of the donors were Saudi nationals (92.1%) of whom donors between 18 and 34 years old constituted 87.9%, while those over 40 years old represented only 7.9% of the donations. Pre-donation temporary deferral occurred in 3300 (11.7%) of all potential donation attempts. The most common causes being the recent intake of medication (24.4%) followed by low hemoglobin (14.8%), low or high blood pressure (14.6%), low or high pulse rate (13.6%), and low weight (11.6%). Conclusion: A profile of blood donors consisting mainly of young male citizens who mostly donated for family replacement was detected. Deferral rate was found to be average when compared to other countries; the causes being similar to those detected in other developed countries. Simple descriptive statistics has shown no marked difference was noted over the 9 years of the study in neither the profile of blood donors nor the cause for temporary deferral of prospective blood donors.
Comparison of the demographic and social profile of blood donors and nondonors in Brazil
Health & Social Care in the Community, 2018
Population-based studies on blood donation prevalence and its association with sociodemographic and behavioural factors are scarce, but remain the best approach to assess correlates of donation, including those which could be the target for donor recruitment campaigns. This study describes the population of primary healthcare users from the public system in a medium-sized Brazilian municipality to investigate the association of blood donation practice with other sociodemographic factors. A stratified, representative sample of primary healthcare users at 12 healthcare facilities in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, were invited to participate. Analysis focused on demographic and psychosocial factors including, sex, age, marital status, socioeconomic status, educational level, health insurance, self-perception of health, religious beliefs, and blood donation history. Blood donors, self-defined ineligible donors, and never donors were compared. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used to assess positively and negatively associated variables in the dataset. MCA was conducted on respondents' age and monthly household income to assess dimensionality of other questionnaire responses. Of a total of 1,055 study participants, 79.7% were females and the mean age was 40.6 years. Blood donation practice was reported by 246 participants (23.3%), 669 (63.4%) had never donated, and 140 (13.3%) reported being unable to donate blood. Graphical presentation of the MCA showed that male, older age groups, those who have health insurance, and with higher socioeconomic and educational level are more likely to donate blood. Poor or average self-perception of health, lower socioeconomic status, and divorced or widowed marital status were associated with self-defined inability to donate blood. Thus, our results are useful to understand the multifactorial nature of blood donation behaviour. Our findings provide guidance for targeted recruitment campaigns focused on relevant contextual factors. The focus on reducing barriers to blood donation according to sociodemographic groups can be a relevant strategy to expand the donor base. K E Y W O R D S blood donation, donor behaviour, epidemiology, nonblood donors, population-based studies 2 | ZUCOLOTO eT aL. 1 | INTRODUC TI ON Although the number of voluntary blood donors has increased worldwide, the demand for blood and blood products continues to rise (WHO, 2013). Advances in complex clinical and surgical procedures along with improved life expectancy and consequent growth of chronic diseases have increased blood transfusion demand which continues to exceed supply, especially in developing countries. The disparity in blood donation rates between low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), compared to high-income countries is well documented (Kralievits, Raykar, Greenberg, & Meara, 2015; WHO, 2013). International studies have shown that the blood supply in LMICs is of insufficient quantity and the reasons for these deficits are multifactorial (Kralievits et al., 2015). In Brazil, a country of 211 million inhabitants, the number of blood donors is lower than expected (Carneiro-Proietti et al., 2010). Reports from the Brazilian Ministry of Health indicate that overall only 1.9% of the Brazilian population donates blood (Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2015). On the other hand, the number of blood transfusions are increasing systematically worldwide (WHO, 2013) and in Brazil (Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2015). In 2014 approximately 3.3 million blood transfusions were reported in Brazil (Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2015), which represents an increase of 6.9% compared to 2013. Overall, more than 40% of transfusions occurred in the Southeast, the most populous and prosperous region of the country. São Paulo state accounts for nearly 60% of the transfusions in the Southeast region (Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2015). While Brazil has both public and private blood collection sites, the latest report indicates that approximately 98.
Blood donation in a large urban centre of southeast Brazil: a population-based study
SUMMARY Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and characterise potential blood donors and non-donors in a well-populated and representative urban area of Southeastern Brazil. Background: Studies on blood donation usually evaluate individuals who donate. Population-based studies may contribute to characterise those who never reach the blood centre, trying to increase the range of donors.
JMED research, 2014
There is a paucity of publications on regional variations in seroprevalence of infectious diseases in blood donors within Brazilian states, so that suitable time trends can be derived for major demographic groups. A population study of blood donors in the southern state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, was conducted using all computerized records of the blood donors submitted to serologic screening in 2010. The subjects were predominantly male (57.8%), aged 18-25 years (33.5%), did not direct their donation to any specific recipient (55.6%), nor did they provide another blood donation in last 12 months (58.6%). The highest seroprevalence was observed for the hepatitis B markers (3.0% for anti-HBc and 0.2% for HBsAg), followed by those for syphilis (0, 08% VDRL), HIV-1 (0.06%), hepatitis C (0.05%), HTLV1/2 (0.01%) and Chagas disease (0.01%). The risk factors associated with higher seroprevalence were associated with the first time donation, being male and of older age. Large regional variations were observed, with the Far West region reaching 7% of anti-HBc and 0.5% of HBsAg positive, and the Midwest region showing 0.1% HIV-positive donors. Hepatits B markers of both lifetime and recent infection reached a high level among blood donor candidates in Santa Catarina in 2010 and remain the foremost serological deferral criterion, despite some evidence of the reduced transmission rate compared to the beginning of the decade. The seroprevalence of other sexually transmitted infections (HIV, syphilis) also persisted on a level too high for a blood donor population, implying even higher prevalence in the general population.
Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2016
Objective: To determine the demographic features and causes of donor deferral in blood donors. Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion (AFIT) for a period of 1 year from Jun 2012 to May 2013. Material and Methods: Donors with ages ranging from 18-60 years who reported to the blood bank were incorporated in this study. A comprehensive history was taken from all the potential donors through a structured proforma. A detailed general physical examination was done by the appointed doctor at the blood bank. Furthermore, laboratory testing of the blood samples of potential donors was done. On this basis, donors were accepted or deferred. Results: The commonest cause of the donor deferral was hepatitis C (HCV) (28.6%), the second leading cause was anaemia (24%) and the third leading cause was hepatitis B (HBV) (16.8%). Syphilis was also a major cause of donor deferral causing the rejection of 10.4% donors. Conclusi...