Assessment of spatial–temporal patterns of surface and ground water qualities and factors influencing management strategy of groundwater system in an urban river corridor of Nepal (original) (raw)

Water quality and land use/cover changes in the Phewa Watershed, Gandaki Province, Nepal

Nepal Journal of Environmental Science

Knowledge and understanding of land use and water quality nexus is an important precursor for assessing the human-water interactions and sustainable freshwater management. In this study, the land use/cover change (LUCC) and water quality assessment with respect to drinking and irrigational purposes were carried out in Phewa Lake, Nepal. A total of 20 water samples were collected during the winter and summer seasons in 2017 and were analysed for major hydrochemical variables. The water quality index of Phewa Lake was found to be 5.15 and 2.57 during the winter and summer, respectively, indicating the suitability of water for drinking purposes. The results revealed that the electrical conductivity, sodium percentage, and sodium adsorption ratio were found to be 38.80 µS/cm, 16.99, and 0.10, respectively in the summer and 85.06 µS/cm, 14.68, and 0.15, respectively in the winter. Similarly, permeability index, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium hazard, cation ratio of soil structural stability, a...

Impact of Agricultural Practices on Groundwater in Tirunelveli District, India

2013

Groundwaterhas been one of the major problems in developing countries like India. The Problems are in two manners 1) Reduction in the groundwater table and another one is 2) groundwater pollution. There are many reasons for the pollution of groundwater. This paper intend to present preliminary study of agricultural practices in tirunelveli district and its effect on the groundwater, assessing and determining the important parameter that has serious effects on human being, and developing a model for predicting the nitrate in groundwater. NRSC class-I classification scheme was adopted and landuse maps were prepared from satellite images.Water samples were collected in the three types of landuse region namely agricultural region, industrial region and other regions for the year 2010 and 2012. With the result of tested water sample and spatial variation map the impact of agriculture and other landuse practices on groundwater were compared and statistically analyzed. The major groundwate...

An Investigation on the Quality of Groundwater and Its Suitability to Agriculture in and Around Badvel Taluka of Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh, India: A GIS Approach

Study was carried out to evaluate the major cation Chemistry, the factors controlling water composition, and suitability of water for irrigation. The problems of water quality have become more important than the quantity, as the environmental problems are getting more serious in several parts of the world. A number of factors like geology, soil, effluents, sewage disposal and other environmental conditions in which the water happens to stay or move and interact with, influences greatly on the groundwater quality of an area. The spatial maps show that the concentration of the chemical constituent in ground water varies spatially and temporarily. Sodium is the most dominant cation with Cl-and HCO 3-are the dominant anions.SAR values indicated thatboth pre and post monsoons watersamples are excellent (S1) for irrigation,while electrical conductivity values classified these ground water, respectively under high saline water consist (C3) category.Water quality data are utilized in the present study for the analysis of groundwater chemistry of year 2014, Pre-monsoon(July) and 2014, post-monsoon(December) seasons. Water quality data used in the analysis include Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH), Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) Sodium and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC).

Ground water quality in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal

Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2011

A study was undertaken to assess the quality of groundwaters in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. The groundwater samples were randomly collected from shallow well, tube well, and deep-tube wells located at different places of Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur districts in the Kathmandu valley. Physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters of the samples were evaluated to estimate the groundwater quality for drinking water. It was found that the groundwater in the valley is vulnerable to drink due to presence of iron and coliform bacteria. Iron was estimated to be much higher then the acceptable limit of World Health Organization (WHO) drinking-water quality guidelines (1.9 mg/L). Total coliform bacteria enumerated in groundwaters significantly exceeded the drinking-water quality standard and observed maximum coliform (267 CFU/100 mL) in shallow wells. The electrical conductivity and turbidity were found to be 875 μS/cm and 55 NTU, respectively, which are above the WHO recommendati...