The Source Provenance of an Obsidian Eden Point from Sierra County, New Mexico (original) (raw)

www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0zv1m4sw GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY 8100 Wyoming Blvd., Ste M4-158 Albuquerque, NM 87113 USA SOURCE PROVENANCE OF OBSIDIAN ARTIFACTS FROM THREE SITES IN THE MIDDLE RIO GRANDE VALLEY, NEW MEXICO by M. Steven Shackley, Ph.D., Director Geoarchaeological XRF Laboratory Albuquerque, New Mexico Report Prepared for Evan Giomi Department of Anthropology University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona 8 August 2014

The results of a small obsidian sourcing study are presented here to contribute to a better understanding of local and nonlocal obsidian procurement in the Jornada Mogollon region of southern New Mexico. Sixteen artifacts from six Archaic/Pueblo period sites were sourced using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry. Fourteen artifacts derive from four geochemically distinct sources that the primary outcrop is in the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico, but are also present in Rio Grande gravels in southern New Mexico. The remaining two artifacts derive from a nonlocal source (Gwynn/Ewe Canyon), and a geographically unknown source. These data are contextualized and results corroborate other studies from the region.

www.escholarship.org/uc/item/64m191d1 Department of Anthropology 232 Kroeber Hall University of California Berkeley, CA 94720-3710 SOURCE PROVENANCE OF OBSIDIAN ARTIFACTS FROM LATE CLASSIC CONTEXTS AT TWO SITES AT THE CANADA ALAMOSA PROJECT, WESTERN NEW MEXICO Source Antelope Cr/Mule Cr Cerro Toledo Rhy El Rechuelos Gwynn/Ewe Canyon Magdelena Mt Taylor N Sawmill Cr/Mule Cr Red Hill Rb Valles Rhyolite Zr by M. Steven Shackley Professor and Director Archaeological XRF Laboratory University of California, Berkeley Report Prepared for Karl Laumbach Human Systems Resarch Las Cruces, New Mexico 14 February 2011

GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY 8100 WYOMING BLVD., SUITE M4-158 ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87113 USA SOURCE PROVENANCE OF OBSIDIAN ARTIFACTS FROM A SELECTED SURFACE SAMPLE AT PIEDRAS MARCADAS (LA 290), MIDDLE RIO GRANDE VALLEY, NEW MEXICO by M. Steven Shackley, Ph.D. Director Geoarchaeological XRF Laboratory Albuquerque, New Mexico Report Prepared for Dr. Matt Schmader Albuquerque Open Space City of Albuquerque, New Mexico 13 August 2014

www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0ss4q6s3 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY 8100 WYOMING BLVD., SUITE M4-158 ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87113 USA SOURCE PROVENANCE OF OBSIDIAN ARTIFACTS FROM THE EL PASO PHASE COTTONWOOD SPRINGS SITE (LA 175), SOUTHERN NEW MEXICO by M. Steven Shackley Ph.D., Director Geoarchaeological XRF Laboratory Albuquerque, New Mexico Report Prepared for Sean Dolan Department of Anthropology University of Oklahoma, Norman 11 August 2014

Archaeologists rarely discuss obsidian procurement for the Jornada Mogollon region, but studies indicate groups overwhelmingly used obsidian that can be collected from Rio Grande gravels in southern New Mexico. Obsidian artifacts from two El Paso phase sites, Cottonwood Spring Pueblo and Madera Quemada Pueblo, were sourced using EDXRF spectrometry to determine: (1) is there evidence for non-Rio Grande gravel obsidian use, (2) is there a difference between the sites, and (3) how do these sourcing results compare with contemporaneous sites in the Casas Grandes area? This study has implications for regional interaction and exchange as the results validate the high frequency of Cerro Toledo Rhyolite obsidian in assemblages, but non-Rio Grande gravel sources were also used including Mule Creek projectile points. People at both sites used similar sources, with a few noted exceptions. Furthermore, groups in the Jornada Mogollon and Casas Grandes regions utilized dramatically different sources.

www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1c91248n GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY 8100 Wyoming Blvd., Ste M4-158 Albuquerque, NM 87113 USA SOURCE PROVENANCE OF OBSIDIAN ARTIFACTS FROM THE POJOAQUE CORRIDOR STUDY, NORTHERN NEW MEXICO by M. Steven Shackley, Ph.D., Director Geoarchaeological XRF Laboratory Albuquerque, New Mexico Report Prepared for James Moore Office of Archaeological Studies, Museum of New Mexico Center for New Mexico Archaeology Santa Fe, New Mexico 10 August 2015

www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5572v6t8 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY 8100 WYOMING BLVD., SUITE M4-158 ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87113 USA SOURCE PROVENANCE OF OBSIDIAN ARTIFACTS FROM THE CASAS GRANDE OUTLIER SITES 204, 242, AND 315, NORTHERN CHIHUAHUA Projectile points and source provenance from Site 204 by M. Steven Shackley Ph.D., Director Geoarchaeological XRF Laboratory Albuquerque, New Mexico Report Prepared for Sean Dolan Department of Anthropology University of Oklahoma, Norman 24 September 2014

www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7cr824f6 ARCHAEOLOGICAL X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY 8100 WYOMING BLVD., SUITE M4-158 ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87113 USA SOURCE PROVENANCE OF OBSIDIAN ARTIFACTS FROM ASTIALAKWA (LA 1825) JEMEZ VALLEY, NEW MEXICO by M. Steven Shackley, Ph.D. Geoarchaeological XRF Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico Report Prepared for Dr. Matt Liebmann Department of Anthropology, Harvard University 3 March 2012

This paper presents the results of analysis of samples from 14 geologic sources of obsidian in New, Mexico. Once this was accomplished) 26 obsidian artifacts from archaeological sites in Oklahoma and New Mexico were analyzed and their compositions compared to those from various Western sources. The artifact data have been combined with the results of analysis of 87 other obsidian artifacts from Oklahoma) west Texas) and New Mexico that had been previously reported. The analyses have demonstrated that) while most of the archaeological , specimens are derived from the Jemez Mountains in New Mexico) some were obtained from SE Idaho and west-central Utah. This information indicates that exchange in the Southern Plains prior to A.C. 1450 had a N-S orientation) as shown by the Idaho and Utah obsidian. After A. c. 1450) the exchange patterns appear to have changed to an E-w orientation. At this time) obsidian from the Jemez Mountains in New Mexico became important to people living in the Southern Plains.