Expressions pariétales à la fin de la Préhistoire dans le Languedoc (France) (original) (raw)
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Questions of chronology and temporality are a central part of archaeological debates. For many years, typological and stylistic approaches have dominated archaeological discourse on the subject. Recently, developments in absolute dating methods have provided new perspectives. The construction of chronometric models, based on the compilation of AMS 14C dating, allows researchers, today, to evaluate the validity of stylistic and typo-chronological approaches. Research at Fraux cave integrates these approaches with a research agenda focused on the anthropogenic actions within a cave. Fraux cave represents, in Europe, a rare example of a decorated caved from the Bronze Age. Research in the cave focuses specifically on associating the remains of human activity (archaeological floors, hearths, object caches) with rock art. This focus makes Fraux cave an ideal research laboratory to treat questions concerning the rhythms and frequencies of cave occupation. It is for this reason, that we im...
Numéro spécial PALEO.
Questions of chronology and temporality are a central part of archaeological debates. For many years, typological and stylistic approaches have dominated archaeological discourse on the subject. Recently, developments in absolute dating methods have provided new perspectives. The construction of chronometric models, based on the compilation of AMS 14C dating, allows researchers, today, to evaluate the validity of stylistic and typo-chronological approaches. Research at Fraux cave integrates these approaches with a research agenda focused on the anthropogenic actions within a cave. Fraux cave represents, in Europe, a rare example of a decorated caved from the Bronze Age. Research in the cave focuses specifically on associating the remains of human activity (archaeological floors, hearths, object caches) with rock art. This focus makes Fraux cave an ideal research laboratory to treat questions concerning the rhythms and frequencies of cave occupation. It is for this reason, that we implemented a program of systematic dating on the hearths and artifacts of anthropogenic origin in the cave.
Pursue the short time: The Bronze Age rock art of the Fraux cave (Dordogne, France). Questions of chronology and temporality are a central part of archaeological debates. For many years, typological and stylistic approaches have dominated archaeological discourse on the subject. Recently, developments in absolute dating methods have provided new perspectives. The construction of chronometric models, based on the compilation of 14C and AMS dating, allows researchers, today, to evaluate the validity of stylistic and typo-chronological approaches. Research at Fraux cave integrates these approaches with a research agenda focused on the anthropogenic actions within a cave. Fraux cave represents, in Europe, a rare example of a decorated caved from the Bronze Age. Research in the cave focuses specifically on associating the remains of human activity (archaeological floors, hearths, object caches) with rock art. This focus makes Fraux cave an ideal research laboratory to treat questions concerning the rhythms and frequencies of cave occupation. It is for this reason, that we implemented a program of systematic dating on the hearths and artifacts of anthropogenic origin in the cave.
Gallia, 71-2, 2014, pp. 3-46., 2015
Résumé. Les tombes du milieu de l’âge du Fer des plaines languedociennes sont encore fort mal connues. La fouille préventive menée en 2004 sur le site de la Pailletrice, à Pérols, près de Montpellier, a livré quatre tombes à fossé circulaire de la fin du VIe s. et du début du Ve s. av. J.-C. Ces structures sont groupées à proximité immédiate d’un chemin empierré, attesté dès le dernier quart du VIe s. av. J.-C. Pour la première fois dans cette région, l’état de conservation du gisement permet d’affirmer le caractère funéraire de tels cercles fossoyés. Le monument le mieux conservé montre un fossé périphérique limitant un tumulus de terre très bas, vers le centre duquel se trouvent un dépôt secondaire de crémation avec son ossuaire et les restes de deux vases en bronze, ainsi qu’une fosse peu profonde contenant des résidus du bûcher. Dans les fossés de tous ces monuments sont conservés des restes plus ou moins nombreux d’amphores et de vases à boire, témoins de possibles cérémonies auprès des tombeaux. Les données livrées par ce gisement sont insérées dans le contexte des pratiques funéraires du premier âge du Fer du Languedoc oriental. Abstract. Graves dating from the Middle Iron Age in the Languedocian plains remain little known. The preventive excavation conducted in 2004 at la Pailletrice in Pérols, close to Montpellier, uncovered four graves with circular pits from the end of the VIth c. BC and the early Vth c. BC They are gathered next to a stone path, testified from the last quarter of the VIth c. B.C. For the first time in this area, the vestiges have been preserved enough to assess the funerary characteristics of such circular pits. The best preserved monument shows a peripheral ditch marking out a very low earth barrow with a secondary cremation deposit next to its centre, an ossuary with the remains of two bronze vases, and a shallow pit containing residues from the pyre. A series of amphorae and drinking vessels remains have been preserved in all these pits, likely proof of rituals performed next to the graves. The data these vestiges revealed is then integrated within the context of funerary practices during the first Iron Age in eastern Languedoc.
Correlation between nine littoral dwelling sites of the lakes of Chalain and Clairvaux (Jura, France) has allowed to build an almost continuous chronology for the final Neolithic, covering the period from 3200 to 2600 BC. This sequence is checked through dendrochronology : it spans the succession of the Horgen, Clairvaux and Chalain cultures. For this sequence, the study of 484 objects of adornment out of wood, stone, bone, antler and shell was done, in connection with the ceramic evolution and the cultural stimuli formerly recognized. This exceptional series of well dated ornaments allows to show the coming of outside populations in the Combe d'Ain, and in particular small groups coming from the Horgen of Western Switzerland and from the Ferrières of Ardèche, echoing what had been already perceived in the ceramic styles. This series allows also to distinguish phases of stylistical regionalization, as in the case of local manufactures of ornaments, and the reinterpretation of the Ferrières symbols. Further evidences are attained : the evolution of the symbolic of ornaments closely follows rapid changes of the environmental context and of the economy. To an ancient phase (Horgen 3200 BC) where hunting, trophy quest and the use of only slightly modified animal ornaments were prevalent, succeeds a recent one (Clairvaux, 2800 BC) where beads and pendants, made out of stone, were privileged whereas deforested landscape and husbandry take on importance. This striking parallelism between the symbolic data and the environmental context could be explained by social determinisms of general value, those linked to variations in the density of the population and to the impact of man on the forest.