Study of Combustion Characteristics of an SI Engine Fuelled with Ethanol and Oxygenated Fuel Additives (original) (raw)
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Experimental Study into Combustion Characteristics of IC Engines Operated with Blended Fuels
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
The sources of fossil fuels in the world are limited, driving many researchers to seek alternative solutions for fuel. In particular, there is great interest in using unconventional fuel sources for vehicles. One of the main important sources of renewable fuel is bio-fuel, and alcohol is the most appropriate type of this resource. Both ethanol and methanol are good additives to gasoline in vehicles because of the improvements they offer to combustion characteristics and engine performance. In this paper, the influence of Ethanol (ranging from E10 to E30) and Methanol (ranging from M10 to M30) as additives to gasoline are investigated in terms of improvements to the combustion characteristics and performance of the engine, in this instance, a one-cylinder, four stroke, 11kW output power IC engine. In this experiment, performance tests were carried out for brake torque, power, thermal efficiency, and consumption of specific fuels. The flue gases, including CO, HC, and CO2 were measured and analysed under different operating conditions with various engine speeds, ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 RPM. The results demonstrated that the thermal performance of the IC engine was improved in the E10 combustion case (10% ethanol and 90% gasoline). It was also revealed that HC and CO concentrations were significantly reduced with increases in the concentration of ethanol in the fuel mixture. The combustion characteristics of methanol-gasoline fuels were not as good as those for ethanol-gasoline fuels.
Effects of Fuel Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine
European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, 2017
This research investigated the effects of addition of ethanol to gasoline with the aim of improving the performance and emission characteristics of Spark Ignition (SI) engine. Four samples of gasoline-ethanol blend were prepared, namely 100% ethanol, 100% gasoline, 95% gasoline + 5% ethanol and 90% gasoline+10% ethanol, and were labeled sample A, B, C and D respectively. Physicochemical analysis was carried out on the four samples while sample B, C, and D were used to run a single cylinder, two stroke, air cooled SI engine to determine the performance characteristics of the engine at four engine speeds of 800rpm, 1000rpm, 1200rpm, and 1400rpm. An exhaust gas analyzer was used to analyze the exhaust emission to determine its constituents at no load. The research concluded that blending gasoline with ethanol not only improved the performance of the engine, it also yielded a friendlier emission. It also solves the problem of sole dependence on petroleum products to run SI engines with its attendant cost and environmental implications.
Fuel, 2010
In this study, the effects of ethanol-gasoline (E5, E10) and methanol-gasoline (M5, M10) fuel blends on the performance and combustion characteristics of a spark ignition (SI) engine were investigated. In the experiments, a vehicle having a four-cylinder, four-stroke, multi-point injection system SI engine was used. The tests were performed on a chassis dynamometer while running the vehicle at two different vehicle speeds (80 km/h and 100 km/h), and four different wheel powers (5, 10, 15, and 20 kW). The results obtained from the use of alcohol-gasoline fuel blends were compared to those of gasoline fuel. The results indicated that when alcohol-gasoline fuel blends were used, the brake specific fuel consumption increased; cylinder gas pressure started to rise later than gasoline fuel. Almost in the all test conditions, the lowest peak heat release rate was obtained from the gasoline fuel use.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FUELS ON COMBUSTION AND EMISSION COMPONENTS OF CI ENGINES
Transstellar Journal , 2019
Combustion characteristics of different fuels (diesel, toluene, n-butanol, n-heptane and methane) of a direct injection diesel engine during combustion were investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation techniques. The relationship between fuel combustion reaction components and combustion temperature and turbulence rate was analyzed. The results show that the calculated value of the cylinder temperature verifies the correctness of the model. From the simulation results, it can be found that the total temperature in the n-heptane cylinder has the smallest NO x and the largest turbulence rate. However, in the n-heptane cylinder, the NO x and SO 2 reactive groups generated by the combustion reaction are the least. From the simulation results, it can be found that the different fuels have different reaction characteristics inside the engine, and the reaction products are caused by the physical and chemical properties contained therein. Due to the limitations of the simulation, we can compare the reaction characteristics and exhaust emission characteristics of other fuels in future experiments and simulation studies.
Energy, 2014
In this study, the effect of CR (compression ratio) on a SI (spark ignition) engine's characteristics of performance, combustion and emissions by using pure ethanol, methanol and unleaded gasoline were investigated experimentally. In the experiments, an SI engine having a CR of 8.5:1, having a single cylinder and air-cooled was used. These tests were conducted on four different CRs of 8.0:1, 8.5:1, 9.0:1 and 9.5:1 with a wide-open throttle, original ignition timing and at 2400 rpm. The test results obtained from the three fuel types were compared to each other. The results were shown that the BMEP (brake mean effective pressure), CGP (cylinder gas pressure), BTE (brake thermal efficiency), and BSFC (brake specific fuel consumption) obtained with the use of ethanol and methanol at all CRs were generally increased when they were compared to those of pure gasoline. In general, pure ethanol and methanol provided a lower exhaust emission compared to gasoline's emissions at all CRs. Furthermore, with an increasing CR, the CGP generally increased with the usage of pure ethanol and methanol as compared to unleaded gasoline's study and the CGP and HRR(heat release rate) rose earlier than those values in unleaded gasoline.
Effect of Alcohols on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Spark-Ignited Engines
2018
In recent times, the stringent legislation for upcoming Bharat-Stage 6 makes it very difficult for the auto makers to comply with emission standards. An easy way to meet emission standards is to go electric. But with the current infrastructure India has, it will take another decade or so to have an all-electric fleet with sufficient charging infrastructure. An easy way out while successfully meeting emission standards is to make use of alternate fuels while retaining the same IC engine technology. One good advantage of using alcohol as a fuel is that it has similar combustion and ignition characteristics as that of gasoline. Pure alcohol can also be used as a fuel in an IC engine with some modifications. The objective of this paper is to make a comparative study by testing different percentage by volume blends of ethanol, Iso-propanol, Iso-butanol and n-butanol with petrol. IndexTerms–Alcohol blends, SI engine, Performance and Emission Characteristics _______________________________...
Performance and emission analysis of a compression ignition
Applied Energy, 2012
The aim of the present work is to prepare waste fried oil methyl ester (WFOME) as a diesel fuel substitute. High viscosity and poor volatility are the major limitations of waste fried oil for utilization as a fuel in diesel engines. The cost of waste fried oil methyl ester (WFOME) production is presented in this paper and found to be more economical than mineral diesel. WFOME satisfies the important fuel properties as per ASTM specification of biodiesel. This paper discusses the results of investigations carried out on a single-cylinder, four-stroke, directinjection, diesel engine operated on methyl esters of waste fried oil blended with mineral diesel. The performance of the engine with diesel was considered as the baseline data. The performance parameters for different WFOME blends were found to be very close to diesel and the emission characteristics of engine improved significantly. At rated output, brake thermal efficiency of blend B50 (50% biodiesel + 50% mineral diesel) found 6.5% lower than that of diesel. For B50, brake specific consumption observed was 6.89% higher than that of diesel. CO emissions were reduced by 21-45% for different blends. The particulate matters were lower by 23-47%. Because of insignificant sulfur content, the sulfur dioxide emissions were lower by 50-100% for different blends.
Experimental Investigation of Using Gasoline–Ethanol Blends in a Spark-Ignition Engine
The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of using unleaded gasoline-ethanol blends on the performance of an unmodified SI engine. A four stroke, four cylinders, water-cooled SI engine (type Toyota, 12 R) with a carburetor fuel system was used for conducting this study. Performance tests were carried out to obtain brake thermal efficiency, brake power, engine torque, brake mean effective pressure and brake specific fuel consumption. In these tests unleaded gasoline-ethanol blends with different percentages of fuel were implemented. Four fuel samples were used in the tests, namely: unleaded gasoline (E-0), 95% gasoline and 5% ethanol (E-5), 90% gasoline and 10% ethanol (E-10) and 15% ethanol and 85% gasoline (E-15). Tests were conducted at one-fourth, one-eighth throttle opening positions and at variable engine speed ranging from 500 to 3000 rpm. The results showed that blending unleaded gasoline with ethanol increases the brake power, torque, and brake thermal effi...
International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2019
The aim of this experimental investigation is to analyse the performance and emission characteristics of spark ignition engine running on petrol doped with various additives. Additives used in this research work are toluene, benzene and ethanol at 20% concentrations on volume basis. The engine test setup consists of single cylinder, four stroke and stationary petrol engine. The engine performance with petrol doped with ethanol was found to be better than pure petrol while the performance with toluene as additive was found to be slightly poorer than petrol at low loads. However, at higher loads, engine performance with toluene doped petrol was better than that with pure petrol. For all values of loads, the engine performance with benzene was found to be poor. The short-term experimental results had shown that petrol containing 20% toluene and 20% benzene as additives can be successfully substituted without any alteration in engine design.
International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 2020
As one component that may affect performance and emissions is that the cyclic variation if the cyclic variation is simply too large, the result's very influential on torque fluctuations which may reduce the engine driveability. This study examines the effect of gasoline bioethanol blends on a single-cylinder spark-ignition engine which is distributed by variations of fuels (E0, E5, E10, and E15) by adding 0.5 % vol/vol oxygenated cyclohexanol. The test results can improve COVIMEP in the cycle to cycle variations so torque fluctuations are often minimized which ends in improved engine performance (heat release), besides that emissions become better.