Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale in Patients With Paradoxical Embolism (original) (raw)

This paper discusses the challenges in treating patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) experiencing paradoxical embolism, highlighting the low recurrence rates of stroke and complications associated with trial design. It critiques prior studies on PFO closure and suggests that due to the benign nature of PFO, significant randomized trials comparing medical treatment and closure are necessary to validate the efficacy of percutaneous closure. The authors advocate for cautious implementation of PFO closure and endorse the establishment of an international trial comparing intervention and medical approaches.