Record of coccinellid predators associated with solenopsis mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from Haryana (original) (raw)
Related papers
Cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis T. (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) proved a menace to subcontinent South East Asia economy since 2005. After introduction of this notorious Caribbean pest it was necessary to identify biological control agents in country which are indigenous and successfully suppress the pest. In present studies eleven spotted ladybird beetle female (Coccinella undecimpunctata L.) predating efficiency was determined against cotton mealybug. Adult female during whole life consumed 1519 mealy bugs during whole life cycle through devouring 854, 308, 269 and 86 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd instar and adult stage cotton mealybug respectively. While adult male during entire life consumed 1420 cotton mealybug through consuming 792, 291, 263, 74 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd instars and adult cotton mealybug. The population structure and biological parameters were also determined through no choice feeding trials. Adult female of C. undecimpunctata consumed higher number of mealybug than adult male during its whole life. Experiment demonstrated that C. undecimpunctata is an effective bio control agent of cotton mealybug which can be used in integrated pest management program successfully for the management of this notorious pest on cotton crop.
Journal of Biological Control, 2010
The predatory performance of four coccinellid predators, viz., Hyperaspis maindroni , Cryptolaemus montrouzieri , Nephus regularis and Scymnus coccivora , was studied on Phenacoccus solenopsis under laboratory conditions at 27 ± 2°C and 65 ± 5% RH. The grubs of all the four predators preferred to prey upon second instar mealybugs followed by third instars and adults when given the choice and fourth instar grubs were the most voracious. The overall predation by the grubs of C. montrouzieri (170.40 mealybugs) was significantly higher than that of the rest of the species. The rate of predation was dependent on developmental period and per day consumption of grubs of all the stages decreased with increase in size of the mealybug. Mean number of P. solenopsis individuals consumed and number of eggs laid per day by the females of all the predators increased gradually with prey density from lower to higher densities, but at a decreased rate.
Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2009
A survey was conducted in 47 locations in nine cotton-growing states of India to identify the composition of mealybug species occurring on cotton. Results of the taxonomic study showed that two mealybug species, the solenopsis mealybug,Phenacoccus solenopsis(Tinsley), and the pink hibiscus mealybug,Maconellicoccus hirsutus(Green), were found to infest cotton plants from all nine cotton growing states of the country. However,P. solenopsiswas found to be the predominant mealybug species, comprising 95% of the samples examined.P. solenopsis, which was hitherto not reported to occur in India, now appears to be widespread on cotton in almost all cotton-growing states of the country.P. solenopsisis an exotic species originated from the USA and was reported to damage cotton and crops of 14 families. This report discusses the implications of the introduction of this exotic polyphagous pest species and the necessary steps to mitigate its potential threat to agriculture in India.
Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae) has been noted as a sap sucking pest on cultivated cotton Gosspium hirsutum L. in Pakistan from 2005. Since 2005, this New World species has emerged as serious pest of cotton and other crops and weeds in Pakistan and neighbouring countries. The species is polyphagous and invasive, and can attack many other economic crops. The study found the host plant range and the over wintering of the pest in agroecological conditions Pakistan during surveys from 2005 to 2009. This information can be helpful in management of this pest.
Biodiversity and predatory potential of coccinellids of rice ecosystems
Journal of Biological Control
Coccinellid species belonging to fifteen genera, under five tribes of the family Coccinellidae were collected and identified in this study. Harmonia (Fab.) was the most predominant in southern regions and Coccinella septumpunctata L. was more abundant in the northern and hill regions. Margalef richness index ranged from 9.07 to 14.00 while the species richness directly measured by Hills number H0 ranged from 5-10, with highest species richness present at Malan, Himachal Pradesh. The highest predation was observed in female H. octomaculata which fed on a maximum of 8.00, 7.42 and 6.59 brown planthopper (BPH), WBPH white backed planthopper (WBPH) and green leafhopper (GLH) respectively per day, while the lowest was observed in Propylea dissecta which fed on 3.18 to 4.50 hoppers per day. Coccinellids like H. octomaculata can be utilized in biological control programmes as a part of Integrated Pest Management to reduce pest outbreaks.
The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a highly invasive and harmful pest. It causes considerable loss of cotton crops in China, India and Pakistan. Little is known about its bionomics since it was first recorded in Pakistan and India in 2005. Rapid spread of this pest worldwide has accelerated research on its biology, ecology and management. The P. solenopsis has a short life cycle, and optimal temperatures lead to an increase in the number of generations per year, which is a serious threat to cotton crop production. Cotton mealybug is native to the USA, although it has now spread to >43 countries. Insecticidal control is the primary and dominant practice for this pest, and its resistance to commonly used insecticides is increasing. Biocontrol agents have strong potential for the management of nymphal instar stages. We read >250 articles related to our review title and finally reviewed recent advances in the understanding of P. solenopsis biology, ecology and control approaches, aiming to highlight integrated and biological management practices of this pest.