Assessment of nutritional composition and heavy metal content in some edible mushroom varieties collected from different areas of Bangladesh (original) (raw)

Abstract

Four edible mushroom species (Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus, Volvariella volvacea, Ganoderma lucidum) from different locations of Bangladesh, were analysed for their protein and metal content profile (K, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Pb, As and Cd). Trace metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Na and K by flame emission spectrophotometer and protein by micro Kjeldhal method. All element concentrations were determined on a dry weight basis. The protein content of mushrooms varied from 13.8%–34.3% and the metal content of samples ranged from 0.54–2.25% for K and 12.6–81.6, 69.5–626.2, 39.2–163.4, 30.1–75.5, 52.9–104.5, 0.20–0.30, 0.13–0.59 μg g-1 for Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, respectively. Arsenic and cadmium concentrations were below the detection limit of the method used. The detection limits of the method for As and Cd are 0.01 μg g-1 for each element. In general, K and Fe content were higher than other metals in all mushroom species. The levels of Cu and Zn in some mushroom samples were found to be higher than legal limits.

Figures (4)

The levels of trace metals Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Pb in mushroom species were found to be 69.5-626.2, 39.2- 163.4, 30.1-75.5, 52.9-104.5, 0.20-0.30, 0.13-0.59 pg g', respectively. Arsenic and cadmium contents were below detectable limit determined by flame AAS method. The order of the mean levels of heavy metals in the mushroom samples was found to be as Fe > Cu > Mn > Zn > Cr> Pb. The FAO/WHO has set a limit for heavy metals intakes based on body weight. For an average adult (60 kg body weight), the provisional tolerable daily intake for Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb are 48 mg, 3 mg, 60 mg, and 214 ug g', respectively (FAO/WHO 1999). The trace metal contents in the mushrooms are mainly affected by acidic and organic matter content of their ecosystem and soil (Gast et al., 1988). The uptake of metal ions in mushrooms is in many aspects different from plants. For this reason, the concentration variations of metals depend on mushroom species and their ecosystems (Chojnacka and Falandysz 2007; Kowalewska et al., 2007; Shin et al., 2007).

The levels of trace metals Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Pb in mushroom species were found to be 69.5-626.2, 39.2- 163.4, 30.1-75.5, 52.9-104.5, 0.20-0.30, 0.13-0.59 pg g', respectively. Arsenic and cadmium contents were below detectable limit determined by flame AAS method. The order of the mean levels of heavy metals in the mushroom samples was found to be as Fe > Cu > Mn > Zn > Cr> Pb. The FAO/WHO has set a limit for heavy metals intakes based on body weight. For an average adult (60 kg body weight), the provisional tolerable daily intake for Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb are 48 mg, 3 mg, 60 mg, and 214 ug g', respectively (FAO/WHO 1999). The trace metal contents in the mushrooms are mainly affected by acidic and organic matter content of their ecosystem and soil (Gast et al., 1988). The uptake of metal ions in mushrooms is in many aspects different from plants. For this reason, the concentration variations of metals depend on mushroom species and their ecosystems (Chojnacka and Falandysz 2007; Kowalewska et al., 2007; Shin et al., 2007).

*B DL=Below detectable limit using flame AAS (0.01 pg g’) **NMDEC: National Mashroom Development and Extension Centre *** NMDEC: National Mashroom Development and Extension Sub-centre

*B DL=Below detectable limit using flame AAS (0.01 pg g’) **NMDEC: National Mashroom Development and Extension Centre *** NMDEC: National Mashroom Development and Extension Sub-centre

Figure 1. Distribution of mean values of protein and analyte ions in mushroom species: (1) P. ostreatus (2) A. bisporus; (3) A. bisporus; (4) G. lucidum

Figure 1. Distribution of mean values of protein and analyte ions in mushroom species: (1) P. ostreatus (2) A. bisporus; (3) A. bisporus; (4) G. lucidum

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