WHEN YOUTHS HAVE A VOICE: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY OF MEDIA AND YOUTH CULTURES IN PORTUGAL (original) (raw)
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Este artigo tem como proposta analisar como as crianças e adolescentes em situação de conflito com a lei são representadas nas reportagens televisivas e como as informações e descrições ali contidas correspondem à imagem tipificada desse grupo social, fixada no acervo social de conhecimento. Para tanto, tomamos como objeto de análise a série de reportagens intitulada “Crime, Castigo e Recuperação”, exibida de 20 a 23 de agosto de 2012, pelo jornal Repórter Brasil, da emissora TV Brasil. Para a avaliação do referido objeto, utilizamos como categorias de análise as recomendações dispostas na cartilha “Adolescentes em conflito com a lei: Guia de referência para cobertura jornalística”, proposta pela Agência de Notícias dos Direitos da Infância (ANDI).
2015
Background of the StudyWorldwide, violence is used as a tool for exploitation and victimization of people and is an area of concern for law makers, social scientists and culture experts who attempt to suppress and stop its consequences. Literary debate over the issue of violence and victimization cover a broad spectrum varying from physical altercation among persons, indulging in war and genocide, where millions may die as a result (WHO, 2010). Violence and victimization has many consequences i.e. it may include psychological harms, deprivation and mal-development, which reflects a growing recognition of the need to include violence that does not necessarily result in injury or death, but that, nonetheless, poses a substantial burden on individuals, families, communities and health care systems worldwide (Steve, 2005). Many forms of violence against women, children and the elderly, for instance, can result in physical, psychological and social problems that do not necessarily lead t...
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Chicagoans and many people throughout the country have seen news reports that either open or close with a body count-at the time of this writing, for example, 36 Chicago Public School students have been killed since the beginning of the academic year.
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This article presents the results of a news audience study with African migrant children and young people in Lisbon's surroundings. Using qualitative and participatory methodologies in a nine-month study, we analyzed the role of the news in their lives, focusing specifically on their identity construction in light of the often stigmatizing media discourses. We have concluded that the experience of violence in their neighborhoods and the insistent news representation of this violence (perceived by them as the main cause of the community's negative external image) significantly mark the socialization process of the study group. This contributes to identity constructions that we classify into the following three categories: mistrustful identity, anguished identity, and stigmatized identity.
Interview: How to treat online gender violence within the Brazilian youth living in the periphery?
Common in school contexts all over Brazil, the “Top 10” phenomenon was widely reported in mid-2015, when suicides and other problems faced by girls in two peripheries of São Paulo, Grajaú and Parelheiros, were reported. The practice consists of videos with lists of the supposedly “sluttiest” in a school or community. In order to better understand the aspects of the issue, we interviewed representatives of the projects Women in Fight Collective (Coletivo Mulheres na Luta), from Grajaú, and Sowing of Rights (Sementeiras de Direitos), from Parelheiros, whose voices offer a deep understanding about the appropriation of Information Technologies by Brazilian youths living on the peripheries and issues of media approach on this kind of violence.
Mediatized Violence and Its Influence on Young People
2017
Aggressive behavior is one of the most difficult social behaviors to define. The meaning of this concept depends on the theoretical perspective adopted. What is considered to be aggressive depends on the social and cultural standards of the perceptor. In some cultures violence is natural, even necessary. Explanations of aggressive behavior are part of two major classes: either biological or social. In the present study, the social factors of aggression are a matter of priority, in the sense that this behavior is learned. However, biological theories can not be ignored. In fact, violence is a reaction that concerns rather the body than the psychic. In some cultures, social norms repress any form of aggression. Therefore, the impulse is repressed until it breaks out violently and very badly. Aggressiveness is adaptive because it helps the individual to live at least until he can procreate. The research aims to identify the extent to which the effects of television violence (such as desensitization, catharsis effect, disinhibition or imitation) manifest themselves in the behavior that adolescents adopt within Romanian society.
Violence against women and children has only recently recognized as a health problem starting with the 1990s. A WHO report from 2006 indicated that violence perpetrated against children can be a significant contributing factor in adult illness and death. Preventing violence against children is, therefore, both a social and a public health priority. To better understand the ways in which media images may be informing our understanding of violence against children, this study content analyzed portrayals of it in news and articles in the specific case of Romanian media. Methodological triangulation was used for this study. The quantitative content analysis was made on a sample of 58 articles published in three Romanian national newspapers between 1 June 2014 and 31 December 2014 on the topic of violence against children. The qualitative content analysis on a subsample of ten articles dealing with health issues related to violence against children published in the same period of time. In presenting the acts of violence against children in 2014 the Romanian newspapers tend to follow the same “editorial logic”: the appeal to the Police as the “primary definer” of the violent situation, the stress put on the dramatic and personalized characteristics of a violent event involving children, the mediatisation of the individual (and not the collective) actors in such acts. Almost half of the articles presented physical violence made against children and 27 articles made no reference to laws preventing violence. The qualitative analysis showed that in presenting a violent story in which a child is involved, the journalist acted more as a gatekeeper: on the basis of “newsworthiness” core-value he had re-construct the event from various sources and deliver it as news to the audience. The study showed that Romanian media present children as innocent victims of violence. Much more, the journalists’appeal to medical arguments related to violent acts against children reinforced child’s place as key symbol in the media’s social construction of crime. By increasing our understanding of how violence against children is portrayed in news media, researchers can now turn to studies that examine the effects of this coverage and its implications for public and policy support.
Children, Youths and Mediated Violence: A Reflective Evaluation of Some Selected Theoretical Models
Mediated violence especially as it affects children or the youths, has continued to benefit from scholarly attention in the area of research and theoretical explication. However, some of the research outcomes and theories show flawed arguments under serious theoretical interrogation. This paper uses a reflective analysis to interrogate further some of these theories and argues that they require a reassessment based on current thinking that the mass media alone could not cause violent effects to happen on children and the youths. In order words, media effects are not always direct, potent, and particular in causing significant effects on an individual or the entire society. There are always combination of factors that cause changes in audience behaviours and perception arising from the exposure to media stimuli, in this case, media violence. Theoretical models like Individual Differences perspective, Uses and Gratification theory, theory of Triadic Influence, and the other selective processes further support this thesis. The paper recommends that current studies on mediated violence and the use of theoretical frameworks must reflect the realistic position/actual conclusions rather than idealistic or impracticable ideas that are best sophistry. Keywords: Mediated violence, Children, Youths, Theoretical framework, Media effects
Urban violence in Brazil and the role of the media
Metaphor and the Social World, 2014
This paper reports on analyses of data gathered from discourse interactions of two focus groups of Brazilian university students (n = 11) as they talk about urban violence in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. 1 The analytical procedure follows Cameron et al. 's (2009) metaphor-led discourse analysis which focuses on the role metaphor vehicles play in the emergence of systematic metaphors in discourse. The findings highlight the trivialization of violence in Brazil by the media/TV, evidenced by the emergence in the talk of three related systematic metaphors: violence is a product manufactured by the media, violence is a spreading contagious disease and fear as a response to violence is a form of imprisonment.