Thermodynamics and dynamics of flowing polymer solutions and blends (original) (raw)
AI-generated Abstract
This work reviews the fundamental ideas and results from studies on the effects induced by velocity gradients in polymer solutions and blends, combining hydrodynamic and thermodynamic descriptions. The contribution of hydrodynamic flow to the free energy of the solution is described within the framework of extended irreversible thermodynamics, establishing a relationship between viscoelastic constitutive equations and a non-equilibrium entropy dependent on the viscosity pressure tensor. The derived equations suggest that under certain conditions, a system that would be single-phase at rest can become unstable and decompose into two phases, leading to shifts in the spinodal line on the phase diagram. Relevant theoretical analyses include stability assessments of mass and momentum balance equations, diffusion flux equations, and non-equilibrium chemical potential equations. Predictions align qualitatively with known experimental observations. Results are presented for both dilute and concentrated polymer solutions, as well as for polymer blends.
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