AN INQUIRY INTO INDONESIA´S INBOUND TOURISM INDUSTRY THROUGH THE PERSPECTIVE OF SIX TOUR ELEMENTS (original) (raw)
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After 1945, tourism increased into one of the biggest business industry all over the world. In recent days, the amount of tourists are growing day by day especially in London, Marrakech, Siem Reap, NYC, Ontario, San Francisco, Tokyo, Paris, Beijing and other places. tourists make their destination decision by friends and relatives recommendation. Demographic factors is an important factor for tourist. Economic factor is the vital factors too. Four elements make a tourism system. PPP has some advantages. The economic advantages of tourism are mirrored in balance of payment, higher employment, growing revenues and from latest new investors operations globally. Tourism can result many economic and social advantages especially in countryside areas and improving countries, however mass tourism is involved with negative influences. four strategic approaches are utilized to mitigate the negative influence of tourists on the protected locations.
In modern world ‘Tourism’ has become a popular global leisure activity. It can be domestic or international, and international tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country's balance of payments. Today, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, and affects the economy of both the source and host countries. People love to travel, so much so that in 2014 over 1.1 billion people crossed the world by air, land and sea. Tourism has become a booming global business and we all can benefit from it. However, the planet is fragile and it’s essential to understand that least possible harm must be done to the natural environment, valuing and protecting the local culture. Tourism allows wealth to be injected into a community in a variety of ways. The great benefit of this industry is that it’s extremely labour intensive, and many of the businesses that operate within it are only small businesses and micro operators. It’s also great for individual travelers, because with a booming tourism industry there are lots to do, plenty of places to stay, and as a result more and more tourists are drawn in. Though ‘Bangladesh is endowed with enchanting scenic beauty, mighty rivers, sun beaches, historical relics and colourful tribal life’ yet, even after 44 years of independence, tourism in this country didn’t develop as expected. Potentials are still ajar and Bangladesh can reap the benefit of world-wide development of tourism as a fast-growing industry.
Current Issues in Tourism : Thailand and Beyond Introduction to Special Issue
2015
Tourism studies as a definable field of study is now experiencing something of an impasse. There have been recent attempts to rejuvenate and redefine it, and to rescue it from the dominance of Euro-American perspectives in the analysis of the tourist experience and of cultural encounters generated by and derived from Western travellers on holiday and at play in countries other than their own. In this regard, tourism has been seen increasingly in the context of what has been referred to as the "mobilities" paradigm, particularly in sociological approaches. In other words, tourism as a discretionary form of travel to seek relaxation, pleasure, leisure and new experiences is now seen as one kind of mobility among other kinds of movement from one place to another (Urry 2000, 2007). It is also argued that this approach helps remove tourism studies from Eurocentric perspectives and it enables tourism studies to widen its range and to address new and emerging tourisms including long-stay, retirement, visiting friends and family, business and conventions, and volunteering, among others (Cohen and Cohen 2012, 2014; King and Porananond 2014: 1-21). The early focus on Western tourists visiting other places, often in less developed or emerging countries, which could provide sun, sand, sea, shopping (and in the case of some tourist sites, sex), encouraged researchers in the developing field of tourism studies to examine issues of inequality and economic, social and cultural exploitation. It also gave rise to a set of concepts which were more relevant to a western leisure experience: Urry's influential "tourist gaze," MacCannell's seminal proposition of "staged authenticity," Graburn's excursion into rites of transition and the anthropological concept of a "sacred journey," and Nash's economic underdevelopment and globalisation thesis of "tourism as a form of imperialism," among others (
Development of Tourism in Maldives
ijsrp.org
Tourism is the largest sector of the economy in the Maldives, as it plays an important role in earning foreign exchange revenues and generating employment in the tertiary sector of the country. The archipelago of the Maldives is the main source of attraction to many tourists visiting the country. Tourism began in the Maldives in the late 1900's. A United Nations mission on development which visited the Maldives Islands in the 1960s did not recommend tourism, claiming that the islands were not suitable. Ever since the launch of the first resort in Maldives in 1972, however, tourism in Maldives has flourished. Tourism in Maldives started with just two resorts. At present, there are over 80 resorts located in the different atolls constituting the Republic of Maldives. Over the past few decades, the number of tourists in Maldives has risen continuously. Today, more than 500,000 tourists visit the Maldives each year. This paper gives a detailed account of the development of tourism industry and the initiatives taken by the Maldivian government to promote tourism in the country.
Journal of tourism-studies and research in tourism [Issue 23]
Most scholars portray tourism as a concept foreign to 'natives' and brought about by leisure seeking relatively rich foreigners. This conceptualisation gives the notion of a 'real' tourist being someone who is foreign to any destination. This is contrary to post-modern theorisation that conceptualises tourism as an engagement and experience. This problematizes the conventional WTO definition of a tourist. Content analysis of literature marshals evidence of existence of a knowledge gap and an opportunity for Third World destinations to mainstream domestic tourism as a panacea for sustainable tourism development.
The present study presents a detailed review of papers published on tourism from across the world. Wereferred to a number of studies to check the impact of tourism, tourism policies and governance, analyzed techniques in tourism research, examined concepts of tourism, demand indicators, and many others. The purpose of the present study is to highlight the way developed and developing countries probe into tourism subjects and market their destinations. The present paper, with respect to worldwide tourism development, starts with analyzing the existing tourism situation, followed by tourism product development with anew approach. The next step is to measure the effects of tourism on the local economy as well as on the other sectors. For strategic decision-making, focus needs to be placed on statistical tools, which could be used for qualitative analysis in the tourism industry. After that, the focus of the study shifts to the importance of tourism in handling social issues. Next, the paper discusses the psychology of the consumers and the level of quality tourism services expected by them. The present paper could be utilized as a guideline for tourism development in a developing nation like India. In India, tourism development is in a nascent stage, where we are looking at basic tourist infrastructural facilities, where as in the developed countries, they look at the psychographic profiles of the tourists. Development of newer tourism products and management profiles of such products need to be designed.
Tourism in Islands and Small States: Reflections from the Field
"Tourism is a key sector in many islands and small states, and often drives economic growth by contributing to GDP, government revenues, and employment. However, since de Kadt (1979) asked whether tourism was a ‘passport to development’, debate has moved from focussing on economic impacts, to broader discussion of long-term sustainability and environmental concerns including climate change (Graci and Dodds, 2010). Nevertheless, international arrivals and receipts continued to rise year on year and tourism was seen as an expanding sector suitable for island and small state development. 2009 saw the first significant fall in international arrivals since 1950 as the global recession began to be felt (UNWTO, 2010). Continuing economic turbulence has significantly slowed international tourism’s growth but the results are spatially uneven. This paper examines key issues now facing island and small state tourism, with reflections drawn from policy-relevant research. It explores the key issues of tourism in times of economic uncertainty; its relationships with other industries; product diversification; and responsible/sustainable tourism."