Tracheal relaxant effect of aqueous-methanol leaf extract of Rumex vesicarius L. in rabbits (original) (raw)
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Rumex vesicarius L. has traditionally been used in folkloric medicine to manage respiratory disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of aqueous-methanol extract of R. vesicarius on isolated rabbit tracheal preparations, an attempt to validate its folkloric use in traditional medicine for respiratory ailment. The application of the extract to isolated rabbit tracheal preparations relaxed completely the carbachol-(1 μM) induced contractions (0.01 to 3.0 mg/mL) as well as K +-(80 mM) induced contractions (0.01 to 5.0 mg/mL). These effects were found comparable to that of dicyclomine, as an antagonist of muscarinic receptors as well as a possible Ca ++ channel blocker. The previously mentioned findings may partially justify the folkloric use of R. vesicarius in the management of conditions pertaining bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and airy way congestion.
African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 2005
The present study was designed to investigate the blocking of calcium by the hydroalcoholic extract of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (Tapidod), "in vitro", on rat trachea. To evaluate this effect, the contractile activity of tracheal chains from Wistar Kyoto rats was isometrically recorded. On the isolated tracheal rings the extract produced the following effects: (a) a reduction of the contraction obtained by BaCl 2 , (b) a bronchorelaxing action, on strips precontracted by KCl, which was not influenced by TEA (3x10-3 M), (c) a concentrationdependent decrease of the spasm evoked by calcium chloride (CaCl 2) in K-rich Ca-free physiological salt solution + 2+ , before and after intracellular calcium depletion (d), an inhibitory effect on contraction induced by acetylcholine in Ca-free Krebs-Heinseleit solution supplemented with 2+ EDTA (5x10-4 M). It is concluded that: 1. The activation of the potassium channels does not play a significant role in the relaxant effect of Tapidod. 2. The antispasmodic property of Tapidod seems to be mediated by the blockade of intracellular Ca 2+ release. 3. Most likely an inhibition of the intracellular Ca 2+-regulating proteins is involved.
Scientific validation of pharmacological actions of 7 Senegalese plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of respiratory illness was carried out. Changes in contractility of isolated rat trachea were assessed in organ chambers. Rings were allowed to equilibrate for 60 min before experiments were carried out, during which time the resting tension was adjusted, as required. Rings were first exposed to methanolic plants extracts (10 -2 and 10 -1 mg/ml) or solvent. After a 30 min incubation period, they were contracted with acetylcholine in a cumulative manner (10 -9 to 10 -3 M). Extracts from leaves of Guiera senegalensis, Melaleuca leucodendron and Hymenocardia acida elicited a significant dosedependant inhibition of the contractile agonist, suggesting further investigations on its chemical composition, the underlying mechanisms involved and its potential health value. However, in rings preincubated with extracts from Cymbopogon giganteus leaves and Salvadora persica roots, effect of the contractile agonist was not affected. Moreover, a hypereactivity was observed with extracts from Gossypium barbadense leaves and Cassia occidentalis seeds. These results provide evidence that Senegalese herbals may be of interest as valuable source of information for the selection of plants for focussed screening programmes and for therapeutically useful products.
The Stimulatory Effects of Medicinal Plants on β2-adrenoceptors of Tracheal Smooth Muscle
Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
Medicinal plants have been identified and used as primary sources in prevention and treatment of pulmonary diseases (mainly obstructive pulmonary diseases) from ancient times due to various pharmacological activities. In this review, the stimulatory effects of extracts, some fractions and constituents of medicinal plants on β2-adrenoceptors which could be used as possible therapeutic agents in the future were reviewed. Various databases including; Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched using stimulatory effect, β2-adrenoceptors, possible mechanism, tracheal smooth muscle (TSM), medicinal plants and their constituents as keywords from 1985 to 2017. All studied plants including; Nigella sativa, Rosa damascena, Thymus vulgaris, Carum copticom, Carum carvi, Zataria multiflora, Crocus sativus, Cuminum cyminum, Liomnia acidissima, Portulaca oleraceae, Satureja hortensis, Ephedra sinica and Achillea millefolium showed relaxant effect on tracheal smooth mus...
Relaxant effect ofThymus vulgaris on guinea-pig tracheal chains and its possible mechanism(s)
Phytotherapy Research, 2006
Background: In Iranian ancient medical books, the therapeutic effects of Satureja hortensis on respiratory diseases have been reported. In order to verify these reports, the relaxant effect of aqueous-ethanolic extract of Satureja hortensis on guinea pig trachea was examined. Methods: The relaxant effects of 6 cumulative concentrations of extract (0.15, 0.3, 0.45, 0.6, 0.75 and 0.9 g %) in comparison with saline and 4 cumulative concentrations of theophylline (0.15, 0.3, 0.45, and 0.6 mM) by their effects on precontracted tracheal chains of guinea pig by 10 µM methacholine (group 1) or 60 mM KCl in two different conditions including: non-incubated tissues (group 2) and incubated tissues with 1 µM propranolol, 1 µM chlorpheniramine and 1 µM atropine (group 3, for each group n=6) were examined. Results: In group 1, the extract and theophylline showed concentration dependent relaxant effects compared to that of saline (p<0.05 to p<0.001). In group 2, three last concentrations of theophylline and four higher concentrations of extract showed significant relaxant effects compared to that of saline (p<0.05 to p<0.001). The effects of four lower concentrations of extracts in groups 1 and 2 were significantly lower than those of theophylline (p<0.05 p<0.001). In group 3, the extract did not show any significant relaxant effect. There were significant correlations between the relaxant effects and concentrations of extract and theophylline in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.001 for all cases). Conclusion: These results showed a potent relaxant effect of Satureja hortensis on guinea pigs trachea which was comparable to that of theophylline.
The aqueous-methanolic leaf extract and fractions of the Rumex vesicarius L. (Rv.Cr) was evaluated for the possible presence of spasmogenic and spasmolytic constituents to rationalize its traditional uses in gastrointestinal disorders. In rabbit jejunum, R. vesicarius caused a dose-dependent (0.03 to 0.3 mg/ml) weak stimulatory effect on spontaneous contractions, followed by relaxation at the next higher dose (1 mg/ml). In the presence of atropine (0.03 µM), the spasmogenic effect was abolished and the relaxant effect was obtained at lower doses (0.1 to 1.0 mg/ml) shifting the dose response curves to the left. The spasmolytic effect on the spontaneous and K + -induced contractions in atropinized preparations was mediated at doses 0.03 to 1.0 mg/ml and 0.3 to 5 mg/ml, respectively which explained the involvement of calcium channel blocking (CCB) effect. The CCB effect was confirmed when pretreatment of the tissue with R. vesicarius produced a dose-dependent shift in the Ca ++ dose-response curves to the right in a similar manner as verapamil. Activity-directed fractionations revealed that the spasmolytic effect was concentrated in methanolic fraction, while spasmogenic activity in the aqueous fraction which was remarkably stronger than aqueous-methanolic extract. This data shows that the crude leaf extract of R. vesicarius L. contains spasmogenic and spasmolytic constituents mediating their effect through cholinergic and CCB actions, respectively, which explains its traditional use in the gastrointestinal disorders such as abdominal colics and cramps, constipation and diarrhea, gestroesophagial reflux disease and irritable bowel syndrome/inflammatory bowel disease.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2008
In this study we investigated the relaxant effect of the aerial parts of Argemone ochroleuca (Papaveraceae), which is used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of various respiratory diseases such as cough, bronchitis and asthma. The alkaloid berberine was identified as one of the active relaxant principles EC50 = 118 50 ± 3 91 M) in the dichloromethane extract of A. ochroleuca (EC50 = 78 03 ± 2 15 g mL −1 with 95 12 ± 3 56% of relaxation). Berberine concentrationdependently relaxed the carbachol-induced precontractions but not histamine-or KCl-induced precontraction. The relaxant effect of berberine was unaffected by the presence of propranolol 3 M), glibenclamide 10 M) or ODQ 10 M). However, 2 5-dideoxyadenosine 10 M) blocked the log concentration-response curves of berberine. On the other hand, berberine produced a leftward shift of the log concentration-response curves of isoproterenol, forskolin and nitroprusside. Additionally, berberine produced a parallel rightward shift of the concentration-response curve of carbachol in a competitive manner with a pA 2 of 3 87 ± 0 045. The above results suggest that the relaxant effect of berberine on tracheal muscle is due to its antagonistic effect on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
2021
Waltheria indica L. (Malvaceae) is a plant used in Burkina Faso for the treatment of various ailments including asthma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pharmacological relaxant effect of the leafy stem extracts of Waltheria indica and thereby verify claim of use in treating asthma. Aqueous decoction and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from the powdered leafy stems were screened for the presence of some phytoconstituents. The in vitro relaxant effect of the two extracts was evaluated on acetylcholine- (ACh 10−5 M) and potassium chloride- (KCl 6 × 10−2 M) induced contractions on rat-isolated tracheal preparations. To examine whether the potassium (K+) channels are involved in the relaxant effect, glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor, was used. Moreover, to assess the safety of the extracts, acute oral toxicity was carried out on mice. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins,...
In our previous studies, pharmacological actions of Senegalese plants on the modulation of tracheal contractile responses induced by acetylcholine were demonstrated. Here, we aim to demonstrate whether the pharmacological effects previously observed, could be obtained with other contractile agonists, such as histamine and potassium chloride (KCI), in the isolated trachea after treatment with the same extracts. For this purpose, changes in contractility of isolated trachea from male Wistar rats were assessed in organ chambers. Rings were first exposed to methanolic plants extracts or solvent. After a short-term incubation period, they were contracted with acetylcholine, histamine or KCl in a cumulative manner. Salvadora persica crude extract did not alter the contractile responses of tracheal smooth muscle. Those of Hymenocardia acida persistently and significantly attenuate the contractile responses of the three agonists. Cymbopogon giganteus crude extract, in contrast, significantl...