Energy-efficient optical packet switch with recirculating fiber delay line buffers for data center interconnects (original) (raw)
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Optical packet switching has gained popularity in past decade. However, due to technical challenges all- optical switching is not implemented till date, still hybrid switching where both optical and electrical switching are used simultaneously by-passing the limitations of both the technologies. In fiber delay lines (FDLs) buffering is limited due to accumulated losses and noises, and most of the times short term storage is enough in optical switching, but in case of long term storage, re-circulating type buffer can be used, but again due to accumulation of degrading terms re-circulation count is limited therefore in case of longer duration storage, electronic buffer is better choice. In this paper, we have proposed a hybrid buffer based optical switch where both optical and electronic buffers are used for storage of contending packets, and optical buffer is re-circulating in nature. The performance of the switch is measured in terms of bit error rate (BER) and packet loss probabili...
Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2001
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Recently, optical packet switch architectures, composed of devices such as optical switches, fiber delay lines, and passive couplers, have been proposed to overcome the electromagnetic interference (EMI), pinout and interconnection problems that would be encountered in future large electronic switch cores. However, attaining the buffer size (buffer depth) in optical packet switches required in practice is a major problem; in this paper, a new solution is presented. An architectural concept is discussed and justified mathematically that relies on cascading many small switches to form a bigger switch with a larger buffer depth. The number of cascaded switches is proportional to the logarithm of the buffer depth, providing an economical and feasible hardware solution. Packet loss performance, control and buffer dimensioning are considered. The optical performance is also modeled, demonstrating the feasibility of buffer depths of several thousand, as required for bursty traffic.
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IEEE Communications Magazine, 2000
The power consumption of a network becomes a critical performance metric for a petabit-per-second scale Internet, in addition to the system cost. We investigate the power and cost efficiency of all-optical and electrical technologies to understand the design principle for petabit-scale hybrid optical switch nodes for optical packet and burst switching. In order to achieve an efficient hybrid design, we point out the interesting observation that the use of long packets switched by passive-medium photonic switches can substantially reduce power consumption and system cost. For contention resolution, shared electronic memory buffers are more effective and power efficient than fiber delay line buffers. An empirical optimization exhibits that a traditional all-optical solution is not the best choice for power and cost efficiency. Using passive-medium photonic switches with electronic memory buffers, we can introduce a substantial savings in power and cost, approximately half of those of commercially available optical cross-connect systems, with a packet loss rate as low as 10 -6 .