SOLAR CONCENTRATORS USAGЕ FOR PHOTOELECRIC TRANFORMER OF SOLAR RADIATION EXPEDIENG INVESTIGATVAN (original) (raw)

Lately the international market of fossil fuels , which has been , is and will be for the foreseeable future, the foundation of the world fuel and energy balance , establish a favorable situation for the consumers. Fuel demand is met almost in its entirety. The prices are fairly stable and relatively affordable. However, as is known, fossil fuel resources are reduced as they are developed to billions of tons per year. The present level of energy consumption 12mlrd. It has coal, oil, gas-80 % , wood and products-8%, 6% hydro , nuclear 5%, 1% renewable. At the current level of energy consumption of oil should be enough for 50 years , natural gas-by 73 coal at-170 , brown coal-500 years. Together, fossil fuels will last for 150-200 years. [1] Fuel-Energy Complex is the largest pollution, generating 48 % of all harmful substances into the atmosphere , 27 % of polluted waste water , more than 30 % of solid waste and up to 70% of total greenhouse gas emissions. [2] This is a serious argument in favor of cost-friendly sources of energy. Due to the growing trend of energy saving recently worldwide interest in the settings directly converts solar radiation into electricity using photovoltaic cells have increased. The cost of power produced by photovoltaic installations , today, several times higher than the power from solar thermal cycle. However, the installation being actively implemented in both developed and developing countries. It is possible to trace the two opposite tendencies to reduce the cost of energy produced by photovoltaic installations. The first is aimed to intensify the process of converting directly into pn junctions solar cells , the second is aimed to increase the density of the solar radiation into electricity [ 2,3]. Complicating factors in the use of solar energy is its instability , dependence on atmospheric conditions , time of day and year. The cost of traditional energy sources are much lower, but the total cost of measures to maintain environmental safety significantly increases the cost of generated electricity. The use of concentrators of solar radiation makes it possible to reduce significantly the cost of PV by reducing the area of the photo converter. One of the main purposes is to increase the concentrators of solar radiation flux density to a level necessary for the most efficient operation of the photo converter. Upon concentrating solar radiation not only the density increases but changes in the distribution space.