At the Roots of an Interdisciplinary Radical Innovation: Preliminary Insights from the Patenting Activity in the Bioinformatics Industry (original) (raw)
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Technological innovations vary considerably in terms of novelty and impact with only a minority of new inventions contributing considerably to economic growth. More recently a number of patent-based indicators have been advanced to capture the different characteristics of technologically important inventions among which the notion 'radical' figures prominently. Radical inventions combine a high degree of novelty with a significant impact on future technology trajectories. Within this contribution, we compare and validate these indicators within the field of biotechnology. An extensive analysis of the recent history of biotechnology allows to identify important inventions (n=290) for the time period 1976 -2001. A considerable number of these inventions have been patented between 1976 and 2001 (n= 216; 75%). For all USPTO biotech patents filed between 1976 and 2001 (n= 84,119) relevant indicators have been calculated.
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As research in biology transitions from the chemical, to the biological paradigm, and now to the information-based (systems biology) paradigm, researchers should be aware of how such a transition is likely to interact with the existing patent regime. Such interactions critically affect investments in research and decisions relating to when to patent and what to patent. Practicing researchers both in the biological sciences and other scientific disciplines are increasingly facing the need to develop research and exploitation strategies in domains that are dynamic and complex. The traditional research addressing patent thickets and patent pools offers insufficient guidance with respect to new biological knowledge structures and their accompanying challenges.
PICMET '07 - 2007 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology, 2007
As research in biology transitions from the chemical, to the biological paradigm, and now to the information-based (systems biology) paradigm, researchers should be aware of how such a transition is likely to interact with the existing patent regime. Such interactions critically affect investments in research and decisions relating to when to patent and what to patent. Practicing researchers both in the biological sciences and other scientific disciplines are increasingly facing the need to develop research and exploitation strategies in domains that are dynamic and complex. The traditional research addressing patent thickets and patent pools offers insufficient guidance with respect to new biological knowledge structures and their accompanying challenges.
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Since Schumpeter's seminal work on economic development (Schumpeter 1934), innovation is considered as one of the main drivers of firm performance and economic growth. At the same time, technological innovations vary considerably in terms of impact with only a minority of new inventions contributing significantly to economic growth. More recently a number of indicators derived from patent documents have been advanced to capture the nature and impact of technological inventions. Within this paper, we compare and validate these indicators within the field of biotechnology. An extensive analysis of the recent history of biotechnology allows us to identify the most important inventions (n=308) that shaped the field of biotechnology for the time period 1976-2001. A considerable number of these inventions have been patented between 1976 and 2001 (n= 215; 70%). For all USPTO biotech patents filed between 1976 and 2001 (n= 84,119) relevant indicators have been calculated. Within a next step, we assess which indicators allow to distinguish between most important patented inventions and their less influential counterparts by means of logistic regression models. Our findings reveal that the use of multiple, complementary, indicators provides the most comprehensive picture. In addition, it becomes clear that ex post indicators reflecting impact and value outperform ex ante indicators reflecting the nature and novelty of the invention in terms of precision and recall.