Języki a geny / Languages and genes (original) (raw)

Eto/biologia w dyskursie (zoo)semiotycznym

2016

The following article is devoted to a symbiosis of biology and semiotics, which contributed to the establishment of various inter-disciplinary areas of knowledge and trends within broadly understood semiotics: ecosemiotics (cultural and biological), biosemiotics (endosemiotics / exosemiotics), biological semiotics / semiotic biology and zoosemiotics. The author focuses on the latter. She concentrates mainly on Yuri Lotman’s works wherein numerous connections between biology and ethology can be found. An eminent Estonian biosemiotics professor Kalevi Kull has analyzed these connections in an article. The author comes to the conclusion that Lotman largely contributed to the development of zoosemiotics in Russia and Estonia

Starzenie się przekładów: zmiany języka czy norm tłumaczeniowych?

Między Oryginałem a Przekładem

What can Make Translations Appear Older: Changes in Language or in Translation Norms? The article attempts to address the phenomenon of aging translations, especially literary ones, which has not been sufficiently analysed in translation research. The description is based on the framework of double dependence of a translation: dependence on the original on the one hand, and on the communicative requirements of reception on the other. Based on the classification of texts according to the diachronic aspect (Jäger), one can attribute translation aging to two reasons: to the evolution of the target language together with the changes in the adopted way of constructing literary narration, which is influenced by changes of literary epochs, and to the change in translation norms. These two factors are illustrated with the materials drawn from early translations of Russian literary works into Polish, especially those by Anton Chekhov. As it turns out, even though translation units can be arc...

Dikaiosyne – sprawiedliwość. Genealogia pojęcia

Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna, 2018

The concept of justice takes a central position in practical philosophy from the birth of philosophical reflection in the ancient Greece to contemporary discussions in political, social, and moral philosophy. This article presents a genealogy and development of the Greek concept of dikaiosyne (δικαιοσύνη). It starts with the first poetical appearances of a term dike (δίκη) in Homer’s poetry, continues with the analysis through its more sophisticated application by Hesiod, and finally it reaches the pivotal philosophical transformations of dike into dikaiosyne in The Histories of Herodotus.

O Potrzebie Jednolitej I Przyrodniczej Teorii Zmian Kulturowych

As an understanding of biological evolution integrated all biological sciences and allowed to achieve in 50 years enormous progress in understanding the nature, as understanding the mechanisms of cultural evolution and building its overall model, that verifying the detailed situations too, can push the new tracks humanities and social sciences. Although finally emerged the methodological tools needed to study complex systems, especially computer simulations, the humanities, the set of sciences of extended phenotype Homo sapiens, are currently in the initial exploration phase of the new paradigm and still not worked out the common theory that would act as a general framework. First of all, such a theory would have to explain the process of cultural evolution, taking into account the multilevel structure and operating in various time scales of the dynamics, and thus integrate the description of a phenomenon that researchers have camped in many areas of the humanities. However, the exi...