Menstrually Related Disorders: Points of Consensus, Debate, and Disagreement (original) (raw)
Related papers
Prague medical report, 2010
It is known that mood disorders in women explicitly relates to estrogen production. Except for these findings phenomenon as Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, directly connected to menstrual cycle in women, is widely discussed. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a set of subjectively unpleasant mental and somatic symptoms. It appears in luteal phase of ovarian cycle. During menstruation it remits and disappears up to one week from its termination. DSM IV classified PMDD into the category of "Other specific depressive disorders" and further revision DSM IV-TR classifies PMDD as a separate strictly defined psychiatric diagnosis. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) does not include any specific category as PMDD or similar. The closest category F38.8 does not represent the core of the phenomenon because it relates only to general depressive symptomatology and does not give sp...
The biomedical standardization of premenstrual syndrome
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 2008
This essay traces the history of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in French, British, and American medical literature from 1950 to 2004. Aetiological theories, treatments and diagnostic criteria have varied over time and place, reflecting local conditions and changing notions of objectivity and evidence. During the 1970s researchers in each nation utilised different research strategies to overcome variation and contradictory results characteristic of PMS research. Since the 1980s, attempts have been made to standardise research internationally through prospective daily rating questionnaires that diagnose and measure PMS. Amidst controversy, a psychiatric reformulation of the syndrome was included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). While the diagnostic criteria for this psychiatric category, now called premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), are widely accepted for research purposes, efforts to transfer them to medical practice have been less successful. PMDD remains a contested disease construct.
The present study was a cross sectional design based on the structured questionnaire on a sample size of 384. The self-reported information about the menstrual cycles can be influenced by subjective bias related to the memory and recall of all the events that have happened earlier. In the present study, we attempted to correlate various lifestyle factors like BMI, Consumption of Junk Food and Physical Exercise with the menstrual problems experienced by the females. In this study, 52% of the participants had regular/fairly regular menstrual cycles, whereas 11.5% had irregular cycles and 35.7% had nearly always regular cycle. Dysmenorrhea and premenstrual mood swings were experienced by significant number of students with normal body weight is 14.84%. Dysmenorrhea, premenstrual mood swings and heavy flow were the main cause for absence from class/college/workplace. We come to know that association between life style and menstrual disorder. Infrequent cycles were associated with being ...
Gynecological Endocrinology, 2007
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) encompasses a variety of symptoms appearing during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Although PMS is widely recognized, the etiology remains unclear and it lacks definitive, universally accepted diagnostic criteria. To address these issues an international multidisciplinary group of experts evaluated the current definitions and diagnostic criteria of PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Following extensive correspondence, a consensus meeting was held with the aim of producing updated diagnostic criteria for PMS and guidelines for clinical and research applications. This report presents the conclusions and recommendations of the group. It is hoped that the criteria proposed by the group will become widely accepted and eventually be incorporated into the next edition of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). It is also hoped that the proposed guidelines for quantification of criteria will be used by clinicians and investigators to facilitate diagnostic uniformity in the field as well as adequate treatment modalities when warranted.
Premenstrual syndrome and its psychiatric ramifications
Annals of Saudi medicine
Premenstrual syndrome and its psychiatric ramifications To the Editor: The article by Drs. Perveen Rasheed and Latifa Saad Al-Sowailem is interesting and the first of its kind that describes the prevalence and predictors of premenstrual syndrome in Saudi Arabia.1 However, we have reviewed the literature on premenstrual syndrome [PMS] and premenstrual dysphoric disorder [PMDD].2 Further, we have also reported five cases of PMS and its psychological connections to premenstrual dysphoric disorder.3 In a related development, Al-Habeeb also briefly reviewed the pertinent data and reported a case of premenstrual manic disorder, and based on four reported cases in the world literature, proposed tentative research diagnostic criteria.4 We observed that the two premenstrual syndromes with specific differentiating symptoms were etiologically attributed best to the dysregulation of central serotonergic and gabaergic systems and the noxious sex steroid hormonal milieu during normal cyclical ovulation. Further, the women with these syndromes, who need proper assessment, tests, and a correct diagnosis, respond effectively to selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists, a novel contraceptive pill-Yasmin, cognitive-behavior therapy, lifestyle changes, and in addition, placebo. The oral contraceptive pill-Yasmin contains low-dose (30 microg) ethinylestradiol (EE) combined with a new progestogen, drospirenone (3 mg) (DRSP) and it offers better clinical efficacy for PMS/PMDD as a result of the unique pharmacological profile of this progestogen, which is a 17alpha-spirolactone derivative with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity. Notably, DRSP resembles endogenous progesterone. Unlike other oral contraceptives, it has very minimal effects on skin, appetite, food craving, mood changes
Pre-Menstrual Syndrome- a Review
2012
Premenstrual Syndrome is described as a collection of predictable physical, cognitive, affective, and behavioral symptoms that occur cyclically during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve quickly at or within a few days of the onset of menstruation. Severe form of premenstrual syndrome is called Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. The typical symptoms of premenstrual syndrome normally involves the symptoms related to mood (mood swings, anxiety, and irritability) and physical conditions – like headache, fatigue, bloating, sleep disturbances, nausea, and breast tenderness. 90% of the women all over the world including Pakistan, experience these symptoms during their child bearing age. Several factors such as hormonal change, diet and lifestyle may cause premenstrual syndrome. PMS affects the daily life of menstruating women of any age; race; and part of world. A large population of Pakistani women is also a victim of PMS. Prescribed medications as oral contraceptives and a...