Construct validity of the Nursing Care Dependency Scale (original) (raw)
Related papers
A criterion-related validity study of the Nursing-Care Dependency (NCD) scale
International journal of nursing studies, 1998
The purpose of this study was to examine some aspects of the criterion-related validity of the Nursing-Care Dependency (NCD) scale. This 15-item counting scale has recently been developed for assessing the care dependency of demented or mentally handicapped in-patients. Its criterion-related validity was investigated by studying the relationship between the Nursing-Care Dependency scale, the Rating Scale for Elderly Patients (RSEP), the Behavior Observation Scale for Intramural Psychogeriatrics (BOSIP) and the Scale for Social Functioning (SSF). Data were collected from 322 demented and 105 mentally handicapped patients using the mentioned instruments. High correlations were found between NCD and RSEP, and NCD and SSF. There was a low relationship between the NCD sumscore and BOSIP subscales-scores. The NCD was able to purposefully distinguish diagnostic groups of demented patients when an external criterion was used.
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 2003
Care dependency: testing the German version of the Care Dependency Scale in nursing homes and on geriatric wards The purpose of this study was the psychometric evaluation of the German version of the dependency scale in nursing homes and on geriatric wards. The 15-item scale was originally developed in the Netherlands for assessing the care dependency of demented and mentally handicapped patients. Data of 81 nursing home residents and of 115 geriatric patients were collected. Residents and patients were assessed several time by professionals and nonprofessionals. Reliability was determined by Cronbach's a, showing very good results with values of 0.94 and 0.98. Inter-rater and intrarater reliability show moderate to substantial Kappa values. Criterion validity was examined by comparing the data of the scale with the German nursing personal regulation and the German statutory insurance. The results show that the scores of the Care Dependency Scale correlate to the scores of the two classifications. In general, the German version of the scale can be recommended for use in nursing homes and on geriatric wards.
Further psychometric testing of the Dutch Care Dependency Scale on two different patient groups
International journal of nursing practice, 2002
The Care Dependency Scale (CDS) is an instrument for assessing functional care demands of psychogeriatric nursing home patients. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the CDS can be used on institutionalized elderly people other than psychogeriatric nursing home patients. Therefore, data were gathered on two different populations: residential home patients and somatic (high care) nursing home patients. Psychometric evaluations of the CDS were carried out for each population separately. These data offer additional support for the reliability of the scale in terms of internal consistency and inter-item correlation. The measures among separate groups of nurses show fair to moderate agreement. The criterion-related validity of the instrument was investigated by studying the relationship between the CDS and four other instruments. One of the main outcomes of the study is that the CDS can be used appropriately in residential home practice and in somatic nursing home practice.
Clinical rehabilitation, 2006
To investigate the criterion or concurrent validity of the Northwick Park Dependency Score (NPDS) for determining nursing dependence in different rehabilitation groups, with the Barthel Index (BI) and the Care Dependency Scale (CDS). Cross-sectional study. Centre for Rehabilitation of the University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands. Patients after stroke, spinal cord injury, multitrauma, head injury, amputation, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, lung diseases, tuberculosis and coronary artery disease. One hundred and fifty-four patients were included. The Northwick Park Dependency Score (NPDS), the Barthel Index (BI) and the Care Dependency Scale (CDS). The correlation (rho) between the NPDS and the BI for all groups was -0.87; R2=0.76 (n=154). Per patient group rho varied from -0.70 (R2=0.49) to -0.93 (R2=0.86). The overall correlation between the NPDS and CDS was larger than the criterion of rho=0.60 (r=-0.74; R2=0.55) but was <0.60 in the rheumatoid arthritis a...
Background: Worldwide, around 35.6 million people live with dementia. This chronic condition is a risk factor in developing care dependency and nursing care problems, and often leads to nursing home admission. Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review that provides an overview of the prevalence of care dependency and nursing care problems in nursing home residents with dementia, because such a review is missing from the international literature. Methods: The type of narrative review was chosen and performed by doing an electronic search in PubMed, CINAHL and EMBASE and EBM Reviews via Ovid from 2003 to 2013. Furthermore, a manual search in reference lists was carried out. The literature was critically reviewed and results are presented as a narrative. Results: The international literature indicates that 28%-83% of residents with dementia are care dependent at the highest level. In view of the nursing care problems, the prevalence of malnutrition ranges from 14%-56%; urinary incontinence from 39%-59%; fecal incontinence from 43%-87%; pressure ulcers from 7%-47%; falls from 29%-60%; and restraints from 10%-60%. Conclusions: The high prevalence of care dependency and nursing care problems in nursing home residents with dementia indicate that improvements in the management of these important quality indicators are still necessary. A suggestion for further nursing research would be to compare the prevalence of care dependency and different care problems between residents with and without dementia, and to undertake longitudinal studies to compare the development as well as the progression of the important quality indicators between residents with and without dementia, including the cognitive status of the residents.
A Reliability and Utility Study of the Care Dependency Scale
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 2000
The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and utility of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS). This 15-item scale has been developed recently for assessing the care dependency of demented or mentally handicapped inpatients. Data for this study were collected from 153 demented and 139 mentally handicapped inpatients. The sample was measured three times. Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach's alpha and ranged from 0.95 to 0.97. Interrater reliability revealed moderate to substantial weighted Kappa statistics between 0.51 and 0.83. Test-retest reliability analysis resulted in substantial weighted Kappas between 0.66 and 0.89. Utility tests also revealed satisfactory results. The findings support the reliability and utility of the CDS.
2014
Background: Worldwide, around 35.6 million people live with dementia. This chronic condition is a risk factor in developing care dependency and nursing care problems, and often leads to nursing home admission. Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review that provides an overview of the prevalence of care dependency and nursing care problems in nursing home residents with dementia, because such a review is missing from the international literature. Methods: The type of narrative review was chosen and performed by doing an electronic search in PubMed, CINAHL and EMBASE and EBM Reviews via Ovid from 2003 to 2013. Furthermore, a manual search in reference lists was carried out. The literature was critically reviewed and results are presented as a narrative. Results: The international literature indicates that 28%-83% of residents with dementia are care dependent at the highest level. In view of the nursing care problems, the prevalence of malnutrition ranges from 14%-5...
European Geriatric Medicine, 2015
Demographic developments have led to increased chronic diseases, such as dementia, which result in care dependency and nursing care problems like incontinence. This study aims to compare the degree of care dependency and the prevalence of nursing care problems between Austrian nursing home residents with and without dementia. Methods: Since 2009 a cross-sectional study has been conducted annually in Austrian nursing homes. Data from the standardized questionnaire sampling 2155 residents with and 1422 residents without dementia between 2009 and 2012 have been analysed. Results: Seventy-two percent of residents with dementia compared to 45.5% of residents without dementia are completely or to a great extent care dependent, with the highest care dependency being in hygiene, continence, (un)dressing and avoiding danger. Residents with dementia have a significantly higher prevalence of urinary incontinence (87.9% vs. 69.5%), fecal incontinence (68.2% vs. 44.5%), double incontinence (64.8% vs. 36.1%), restraints (33.5% vs. 22.4%), malnutrition (27.9% vs. 18.4%) and falls (9.9% vs. 7.0%). No significant difference was found for pressure ulcers (5.2% vs. 6.5%). Conclusion: Residents with dementia have a significantly higher degree of care dependency than residents without dementia and they also have, except for pressure ulcers, a significantly higher prevalence of nursing care problems. These results should increase awareness among health care professionals of areas requiring target-oriented dementia care. Further research should explore care dependency and nursing care problems in different stages of dementia and compare the development of care dependency and nursing care problems among residents with and without dementia.
Over time, chronic conditions like dementia can lead to care dependency and nursing care problems, often necessitating nursing home admission. This panel study (2012–2014) aims to explore changes in care dependency and nursing care problems (incontinence, malnutrition , decubitus, falls and restraints) in residents with and without dementia over time. In total, nine Austrian nursing homes participated, including 258 residents (178 with, 80 without dementia) who completed all five measurements. Data were collected with the International Prevalence Measurement of Care Problems questionnaire, the Care Dependency Scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination-2. Repeated measures ANOVA and cross-tabs were used to analyse changes. The results showed that care dependency in dementia residents increased significantly for all 15 items of the Care Dependency Scale, with the highest increase being residents' day-/night pattern, contact with others, sense of rules/val-ues and communication. In contrast, care dependency in residents without dementia increased for four of the 15 items, with the highest increase being for continence, followed by getting (un)dressed. With respect to the assessed nursing care problems, residents with dementia and those without only differed significantly in terms of an increase in urinary-(12.3% vs. 14.2%), fecal-(17.4% vs. 10%), and double incontinence (16.7% vs. 11.9%). The results indicated that residents with dementia experienced increased care dependency in different areas than residents without dementia. Furthermore, residents with dementia experienced a lower increase in urinary incontinence but a higher increase in fecal-and double incontinence. These results help professionals to identify areas for improvement in dementia care.
The care dependency scale: An assessment instrument for elderly patients in German hospitals
Geriatric Nursing, 2003
THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY was to examine aspects of reliabillity and validity of the German version of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS), a Dutch assessment instrument originally developed for demented and mentally handicapped patients. Data of 1806 patients, 60 years or older from a larger sample, collected in 11 hospitals in Germany, were analyzed. Reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha, showing a very good result with a value of .98. Criterion related validity was examined by comparing the data of the CDS with the German nursing personal regulation. The scores of the CDS correlate to the scores of the personal regulation.
einstein (São Paulo), 2020
Objective: To identify and validate nursing diagnoses of elderly residents, and determine their relationship with the level of dependence in activities of daily living. Methods: One hundred thirtyfive older adults were assessed using medical history and physical examination. Twelve validated gerontological instruments were administered to assess delirium, nutritional status, risk for falls, risk for pressure injury, dementia, cognitive losses, depression, and level of dependence in daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Nursing diagnoses were identified and validated by experienced, doctorally-prepared nurses. The association between the presence of a nursing diagnosis and the level of dependence was assessed by a test for trend in proportions. The Kruskal-Wallis hypothesis test was used to investigate the association between the number of nursing diagnoses and the level of dependence of the elderly. Results: Most older adults were at risk for malnutrition, at high risk for falls, cognitively impaired, totally dependent for daily living and activities of daily living. In addition, they had very mild dementia and most did not have risk for pressure injuries. Depression was noted among those with dementia, but was absent in those without dementia. A total of 52 nursing diagnoses were validated. Of these, 11 were associated with the level of dependence in daily living. Conclusion: These results can be reproduced in other skilled nursing facilities for older adults, and these may allow the planning of interventions to alleviate etiologies and signs/symptoms of nursing diagnoses, rather than simply directing care toward a general category of dependence. Therefore, guaranteeing individualized nursing care to meet the specific needs of each resident.
Northwick Park Dependency Score — a New Scale for Use in Nursing Practice
The Journal of Neurological and Neurosurgical Nursing, 2018
Introduction. Evaluation of functional limitations in patients with ischemic stroke is essential in planning suitable nursing care. The main aim of all nursing procedures taken is to ensure the safety of patients, to provide the best, individualized care fulfilling patients' needs and to support recovery process, considering the necessary number of nursing staff and time needed for these procedures. A tool helpful in the process of diagnosis and planning care is the Northwick Park Dependency Score-NPDS. Aim. The aim of the present study is to describe the Polish version of this scale and to assess its usefulness by comparing the NPDS with the Barthel Index-considered the "golden standard" for assessing patient's disability and dependency. Material and Methods. The study included 100 elderly ischemic stroke patients aged 60 to 99 years (mean 76.1, SD 9.07). To assess patient's dependency and thus the need of nursing care, the NPDS Scale was used. Functional status of patients was assessed with the Barthel Index, and the neurological state using the NIHSS. Results. Most items in NPDS, are similar to the items of the BI. However, the NPDS includes additional important questions regarding cognitive functions, communication and behavioral dysfunctions. It allows to estimate the number of nursing staff and their scope of competences necessary for providing care as well as time needed for particular nursing activities. There is a strong correlation between individual modules in the NPSD and the BI sales (r ≈ 0.90). Nevertheless, these are not interchangeable. The high correlation coefficient confirms the validity of the Polish version of the NPDS. Conclusions. NPDS is a simple and useful tool in nursing care allowing to plan the activities based on objective indicators. Despite many similarities it is not a substitute for the popular Barthel Scale. Therefore, the NPDS should be promoted in the nursing environment as a possible work tool.
Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2018
The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Polish version of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS) in predicting care needs and health risks of elderly patients admitted to a geriatric unit. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 200 geriatric patients aged $60 years, chronologically admitted to a geriatrics unit in Poland. The study was carried out using the Polish version of the CDS questionnaire to evaluate biopsychosocial needs and the level of care dependency. Results: The mean age of the participating geriatric patients was 81.8±6.6. The mean result of the sum of the CDS index for all the participants was 55.3±15.1. Detailed analysis of the results of evaluation of the respondents' functional condition showed statistically significant differences in the levels of care dependency. Evaluation of the patients' physical performance in terms of the ability to do basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (I-ADL) showed statistically significant differences between the levels of care dependency. Patients with high dependency were more often prone to pressure ulcers-13.1±3.3, falls (87.2%), poorer emotional state-6.9±3.6, mental function-5.1±2.8, and more often problems with locomotion, vision, and hearing. The results showed that locomotive disability, depression, advanced age, and problem with vision and hearing are connected with increasing care dependency. Conclusion: CDS evaluation of each admitted geriatric patient enables us to predict the care needs and health risks that need to be reduced and the disease states to be improved. CDS evaluation should be accompanied by the use of other instruments and assessments to evaluate pressure ulcer risk, fall risk, and actions toward the improvement of subjective well-being, as well as correction of vision and hearing problems where possible and assistive devices for locomotion.
Predictors of care dependency in Alzheimer's disease after a two-year period
International journal of nursing studies, 1999
This paper presents the results from a panel study in the Netherlands of 68 female in-patients with Alzheimer's disease. The main focus of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes and differences in care dependency. Descriptive statistics indicated an increase in almost all 15 features of dependency in a two-year period. A stepwise regression procedure revealed that the loss of social relationships, the loss of the ability to communicate, and the degree of care dependency at entry to the study were the strongest predictors of the follow-up ratings. The pattern of findings reveals that the Care Dependency Scale is sensitive to care dependency increase after a two-year period, and that the scale has utility in establishing longitudinal patterns of care dependency.
Care Dependency Scale - psychometric testing of the Polish version
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 2010
Care Dependency Scale -psychometric testing of the Polish version The importance of this study lies in the availability of psychometrically sound assessment instruments, which are of critical importance for the study of patient's care dependency and the provision of care to these patients. The aim of this study was to identify the psychometric properties of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS) by analyzing data gathered in Poland. The Polish research instrument was a translation of the original Dutch CDS. Psychometric evaluations were carried out based on a convenience sample of 216 older patients. A high alpha coefficient of 0.98 was obtained. Subsequent inter-rater and test-retest reliability revealed Kappa values between 0.82-0.97 and 0.64-0.86, respectively. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) confirmed the one-factor model reported in earlier studies. The analysis of the scale showed that the instrument is promising to be used in elderly care in Poland. The Polish version of the CDS permits comparison with results from earlier studies using this instrument.
The Care Dependency Scale for measuring basic human needs: an international comparison
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2012
Aim. To report a study conducted to compare the utility of the Care Dependency Scale across four countries. Background. The Care Dependency Scale provides a framework for assessing the needs of institutionalized patients for nursing care. Henderson's components of nursing care have been used to specify the variable aspects of the concept of care dependency and to develop the Care Dependency Scale items. Design. The study used a cross-cultural survey design. Method. Patients were recruited from four different countries: Japan, The Netherlands, Poland and Turkey. In each of the participating countries, basic human needs were assessed by nurses using a translated version of the original Dutch Care Dependency Scale. Psychometric properties in terms of reliability and validity of the Care Dependency Scale have been assessed using Cronbach's alpha, Guttman's Lambda-2, inter-item correlation and principal components analysis. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009. Results. High internal consistency values were demonstrated. Principal component analysis confirmed the one-factor model reported in earlier studies. Conclusion. Outcomes confirm Henderson's idea that human needs are fundamental appearing in every patient-nurse relationship, independent of the patient's age, the type of care setting and/or cultural background. The psychometric characteristics of the Care Dependency Scale make this instrument very useful for comparative research across countries.
The meaning of care dependency as shared by care givers and care recipients: a concept analysis
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2007
Title. The meaning of care dependency as shared by care givers and care recipients: a concept analysis Aim. This paper is a report of a concept analysis to identify a meaning of care dependency that can be shared by both care givers and care recipients. Background. Care dependency can be perceived from the care recipient's and the care giver's perspective. To allow for comparisons, both sides should share the same understanding of the concept. The current research about care dependency has focused on external assessment by nurses and suffers from a tendency to use the concept with different meanings. As a consequence, research on dependency may capture different phenomena. Method. Walker and Avant's method for concept analysis served as the guideline for this study. The Medline, CINAHL and Cochrane databases were searched for the period 1996-2006 using the terms dependence, dependency, care dependence and care dependency. Results. Care dependency can be defined as a subjective, secondary need for support in the domain of care to compensate a self-care deficit. Functional limitations are a necessary antecedent and unmet needs are a possible consequence of care dependency. The conceptual difference between care dependency, functional limitations and unmet needs may be meaningless for study participants. They may better understand these differences if they are asked about all three phenomena in the same investigation. Conclusion. Care givers and care recipients can agree on the suggested attributes of care dependency but may judge them in different ways. Self-assessed care dependency has the potential to challenge preconceptions of care givers about care dependency.
Related topics
Cited by
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2006
Nursing assistants' behaviour during morning care: effects of the implementation of snoezelen, integrated in 24-hour dementia care Aim. This paper reports an investigation of the effects of the implementation of snoezelen, or multisensory stimulation, on the quality of nursing assistants' behaviour during morning care. Background. Nursing assistants in long-term dementia care are often unaware of the impact of their behaviour on patient functioning. Snoezelen is a psychosocial intervention that might improve the quality of caregiver behaviour by combining a person-centred approach with the integration of sensory stimuli. Methods. A quasi-experimental pre-and post-test design was implemented in 12 wards for older mentally infirm patients at six nursing homes. The experimental group intervention was a 4-day in-house 'snoezelen' training, stimulus preference screening and supervision meetings. The control group received usual nursing home care. The effectiveness of the intervention was studied by analysing 250 video recordings, which were assessed by independent observers using a 4-point measurement scale developed for this study and based on Kitwood's Dialectical Framework. Results. The results showed a statistically significant increase in 'Positive Person Work' and decrease in 'Malignant Social Psychology' (total scores) after the 656 Ó 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Journal of Advanced Nursing implementation of snoezelen. Nursing assistants in the experimental group also improved by statistically significant amounts on all subitems of 'Positive Person Work'. The mean number of sensory stimuli, offered explicitly, increased.
British Journal of Nutrition, 2013
Prevalence rates of malnutrition vary considerably internationally, partly due to differences in measurement methodology and instruments. In the present study, the same measurement methodology and instruments were used in The Netherlands, Germany and Austria. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether resident characteristics influence possible differences in malnutrition prevalence between countries. The study followed a cross-sectional, multi-centre design that measured malnutrition in nursing home residents from The Netherlands, Germany and Austria. Resident data were gathered using a standardised questionnaire. Malnutrition was operationalised using BMI, unintentional weight loss and nutritional intake. Data were analysed using an association model. The prevalence rates of malnutrition in The Netherlands, Germany and Austria were 18·3, 20·1 and 22·5 %, respectively. The multivariate generalised estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age, care dependency, the mean number of diseases and some specific diseases were influencing factors for whether the resident was malnourished or not. The OR of malnutrition in the three countries declined after including the influencing factors resulting from the multivariate GEE analysis. The present study reveals that differences in the prevalence rates of malnutrition in nursing homes in The Netherlands, Germany and Austria are influenced by different resident characteristics. Since other country-related factors could also play an important role in influencing differences in the prevalence rates of malnutrition between the countries (structural and process factors of malnutrition care policy). We recommend the investigation of these factors in future studies.
Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 2008
In view of an increasing necessity for systematic assessments, nursing practice would benefit from a simplification of assessment procedures. These assessments should be scientifically based. Aims To evaluate the possibility of assessing pressure ulcer risk as well as care dependency simultaneously with a standardized instrument for nursing homes and hospitals. Methods Care dependency was measured with the Care Dependency Scale (CDS). The quantitative analyses were accomplished with data from a cross-sectional study that was performed in 2005 in 39 German nursing homes and 37 hospitals with a total of more than 10 000 participants. The scale's construct validity was calculated with Pearson's r, and predictive validity was evaluated by computing sensitivity and specificity values and the area under the curve (AUC). Item-level analyses included calculations of odds ratios, relative risks and logistic regression analyses. Results Construct validity of the CDS was r = 0.79 (P < 0.01) in nursing homes and r = 0.89 (P < 0.01) in hospitals. AUC was 0.80 in hospitals and 0.65 in nursing homes. Analyses on item level identified 'mobility' as a key item in both settings and additional differing key items for nursing homes and hospitals. Conclusions The CDS is a well-functioning tool for pressure ulcer risk detection in hospitals. For this purpose, the most appropriate cut-off point is 69 while special regard is given to the items 'continence', 'mobility' and 'hygiene'. In nursing homes the usefulness of the CDS for pressure ulcer risk detection is limited. Here, the most appropriate cut-off point is 41 and attention is given to the items 'mobility', 'getting (un)dressed', 'hygiene' and 'avoidance of danger'.
Comparing quality of nutritional care in Dutch and German nursing homes
Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2011
Aims and objectives. This study investigates possible differences in malnutrition prevalence rates in Dutch and German nursing homes. It seeks to provide insight into the screening, prevention and treatment of malnutrition and the indicators for nutritional care policy. Background. For decades, malnutrition has been an important problem in health care settings worldwide. A considerable percentage of frail older people suffer from malnutrition. In European nursing homes, the reported prevalence rates range widely (2% to 85%). Method. This is a multicentre, cross-sectional prevalence study of malnutrition in Dutch and German nursing homes using standardised methodology, with the participation of respectively 5848 and 4923 residents (65+ years). Results. Patient characteristics differed significantly between the two countries. Dutch residents were more often male, younger, more care-dependent and significantly more at risk of malnutrition (31AE7%). However, overall malnutrition prevalence rates did not differ significantly (Netherlands 26AE8% and Germany 26AE5%). All German residents were screened at admission, whereas only 73AE1% of the Dutch residents were. As part of screening, nutritional screening tools were used in 38AE0% of Dutch and 42AE1% of the German residents. A dietician was consulted for 36AE7% Dutch and 9AE3% German malnourished residents. The proportion of malnourished receiving nutritional intervention was larger in Germany than in the Netherlands. Structural indicators for nutritional policy were fulfilled more often in the Netherlands care at institutional level whereas in Germany they were fulfilled more often at ward level. Conclusion. In this study, German residents had a somewhat better nutritional status than Dutch residents and more is done to enhance nutritional status in German nursing homes. The differences would be somewhat larger if both populations were more comparable. Relevance to clinical practice. Comparing malnutrition prevalence rates, prevention and interventions in health care institutions and countries gives insight into international differences in quality of care.
Screening the risk of falls: a general or a specific instrument?
Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2009
Aims and objectives. The aim of this study is to investigate if a general instrument (Care Dependency Scale; CDS) has the same sensitivity and specificity as a specific instrument (Hendrich Fall Risk Model; HFRM) in a screening for fall risks. Background. Falls of older patients are a common problem in hospitals. Apart from falls risk, nurses have to use many assessment tools to detect the patients' different care problems. To decrease the workload it would be helpful to have a general instrument used as a first screening for possible risks for different healthcare problems, such as falls, instead of specific risk instruments for each individual healthcare problem. Design. A prospective design was used by measuring each patient upon admission and by registering all falls during their hospital stay. Methods. The sample consisted of 560 patients of a geriatric hospital in Germany. All of whom gave their informed consent to participate in the study. Nurses filled in the CDS and the HFRM at the time of hospital admission. Results. The CDS (cut off point £54) had a sensitivity of 75% (47/63 fallers) and a specificity of 46% (227/497 non-fallers). The HFRM (cut off point ‡11) had a sensitivity of 75% (47/63 fallers) and a specificity of 47% (237/497 non-fallers).
Diagnostic accuracy of the Care Dependency Scale
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2005
2 0 0 5 ) ( 2 0 0 5 ) Journal of Advanced Nursing 50(4), 410-416 Diagnostic accuracy of the Care Dependency Scale Aim. This paper reports an investigation of the diagnostic accuracy of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS).
Care Dependency Scale - psychometric testing of the Polish version
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 2010
Care Dependency Scale -psychometric testing of the Polish version The importance of this study lies in the availability of psychometrically sound assessment instruments, which are of critical importance for the study of patient's care dependency and the provision of care to these patients. The aim of this study was to identify the psychometric properties of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS) by analyzing data gathered in Poland. The Polish research instrument was a translation of the original Dutch CDS. Psychometric evaluations were carried out based on a convenience sample of 216 older patients. A high alpha coefficient of 0.98 was obtained. Subsequent inter-rater and test-retest reliability revealed Kappa values between 0.82-0.97 and 0.64-0.86, respectively. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) confirmed the one-factor model reported in earlier studies. The analysis of the scale showed that the instrument is promising to be used in elderly care in Poland. The Polish version of the CDS permits comparison with results from earlier studies using this instrument.
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale
Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 2015
The purpose of this study was adapted Sexual Self-consciousness Scale. This study involved 336 married individuals. In scale adaptation study, structure validity was used for examine the validity of the scale. For structure validity, explanatory and confirmatory factor analyze were used. Cronbach's Alpha formula was used for determine the reliability of the scale. Furthermore, t-test and corrected item-total correlation were used for item analysis. The original two factor structure of the scale was reproduced which showed that the Turkish form is close to the original, explaining 53.58% of the total variance using factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a significant chi-square result (x²= 108,13 df= 53, p= 0.00); RMSEA fit indices=0.080; AGFI= 0.85; CFI= 0.92; NNFI= 0.90; GFI= 0.90; and SRMR= 0.079. The internal consistency coefficient for the complete scale is 0.84; for the Sexual Embarrassment subscale 0.83; and for the Sexual Self-focus subscale 0.79. T-test results are significant, which results are related to the difference of lower 27% and upper 27% groups, that established in accordance to the total points of test. In the result of the item analysis, corrected item-total correlations are ranged from a low of 0.46 to a high of 0.70; and T-test values are ranged from a low of 6.49 (p<.001) to a high of 21.07 (p<.001). Corrected item-total correlations and T-test values are statistically significantl at the p< 0.01 level. These findings show that the Turkish version of the Sexual Selfconsciousness Scale is a valid and reliable instrument.
An International prevalence measurement of care problems: study protocol
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2013
Aim. The aim of this article was to describe the design of an international audit of the prevalence of care problems in different healthcare sectors using identical methodologies. Background. Audits, defined as a monitor of quality of health care, are increasingly applied in many countries as a strategy to improve professional practice and quality and safety of care. A prerequisite to enable a reliable comparison of quality of care audits is the use of identical instruments and methodology. Design. Annual cross-sectional multi-centre point prevalence survey. Method. This international prevalence measurement of care problems in hospitals, care homes and home care is performed in the Netherlands, Austria, Switzerland and New Zealand. This study is based on a prevalence measurement of care problems originally performed in the Netherlands. For each care problem (pressure ulcer, incontinence, malnutrition, falls and restraints) at patient level, next to patient characteristics, data are gathered about the prevalence, prevention and treatment of each care problem. In addition, at ward/department and institution level, specific quality indicators are measured related to the care problems. After the measurement, institutions enter their data into a web-based data-entry program. Institutions receive an overview of their own results and results at national level to enable a process of benchmarking. Discussion. A uniform way of measuring the prevalence of care problems internationally is a significant step forward in gaining insight into the quality of basic care in different healthcare settings in different countries and may lead to more awareness and improvement programmes.
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2010
Brief screening tools for dementia for use by non-specialists in primary care have yet to be validated in non-western settings where cultural factors and limited education may complicate the task. We aimed to derive a brief version of cognitive and informant scales from the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSI-D) and to carry out initial assessments of their likely validity. Methods: We applied Mokken analysis to CSI-D cognitive and informant scale data from 15 022 participants in representative population-based surveys in Latin America, India and China, to identify a subset of items from each that conformed optimally to item response theory scaling principles. The validity coefficients of the resulting brief scales (area under ROC curve, optimal cutpoint, sensitivity, specificity and Youden's index) were estimated from data collected in a previous cross-cultural validation of the full CSI-D. Results: Seven cognitive items (Loevinger H coefficient 0.64) and six informant items (Loevinger H coefficient 0.69) were selected with excellent hierarchical scaling properties. For the brief cognitive scale, AUROC varied between 0.88 and 0.97, for the brief informant scale between 0.92 and 1.00, and for the combined algorithm between 0.94 and 1.00. Optimal cutpoints did not vary between regions. Youden's index for the combined algorithm varied between 0.78 and 1.00 by region. Conclusion: A brief version of the full CSI-D appears to share the favourable culture-and education-fair screening properties of the full assessment, despite considerable abbreviation. The feasibility and validity of the brief version still needs to be established in routine primary care.
Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, 2022
OBJECTIVES: To explore the prevalence of dysphagia and fear of choking in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) as well as preventive measures, both those applied and those not included in managing dysphagia. Also, to investigate related problems encountered by their formal and informal caregivers. DESIGN: A multi-center observational cross-sectional study SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: 158 HD patients, recruited from six Dutch nursing homes specialized in HD, and their formal and informal caregivers MEASUREMENTS: Patients were assessed by means of questionnaires enquiring about dysphagia, fear of choking and measures to manage dysphagia. Also, questionnaires were administered about awareness of dysphagia symptoms, cognition and anxiety. Because we expected individuals with greater care dependency to have a higher severity of dysphagia, we distinguished between a care-independent and a care-dependent group of HD patients. RESULTS: In the total group, 90.5% of HD patients had one or more dysphagia symptoms. The prevalence of FoC in HD patients and the formal and informal caregivers' fears about choking in HD patients was 45.7%, 19.0% and 59.5%, respectively, for care-independent patients and 58.7%, 50.1% and 77.5% for care-dependent patients. The score on the Huntington's Disease Dysphagia Scale was a predictor for fear of FoC in care-independent patients. Speech-language therapy, supervision during eating and drinking and adaptation of food and drink consistency were the most frequently applied measures to manage dysphagia, a combination was used in most HD patients. CONCLUSIONS: In HD patients, the prevalence of dysphagia is high and fear of choking is common among both patients and caregivers. A more severe degree of dysphagia is a predictor of FoC in careindependent HD patients. A combination of measures was used to manage dysphagia in most HD patients.