Construct validity of the Nursing Care Dependency Scale (original) (raw)
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A criterion-related validity study of the Nursing-Care Dependency (NCD) scale
International journal of nursing studies, 1998
The purpose of this study was to examine some aspects of the criterion-related validity of the Nursing-Care Dependency (NCD) scale. This 15-item counting scale has recently been developed for assessing the care dependency of demented or mentally handicapped in-patients. Its criterion-related validity was investigated by studying the relationship between the Nursing-Care Dependency scale, the Rating Scale for Elderly Patients (RSEP), the Behavior Observation Scale for Intramural Psychogeriatrics (BOSIP) and the Scale for Social Functioning (SSF). Data were collected from 322 demented and 105 mentally handicapped patients using the mentioned instruments. High correlations were found between NCD and RSEP, and NCD and SSF. There was a low relationship between the NCD sumscore and BOSIP subscales-scores. The NCD was able to purposefully distinguish diagnostic groups of demented patients when an external criterion was used.
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 2003
Care dependency: testing the German version of the Care Dependency Scale in nursing homes and on geriatric wards The purpose of this study was the psychometric evaluation of the German version of the dependency scale in nursing homes and on geriatric wards. The 15-item scale was originally developed in the Netherlands for assessing the care dependency of demented and mentally handicapped patients. Data of 81 nursing home residents and of 115 geriatric patients were collected. Residents and patients were assessed several time by professionals and nonprofessionals. Reliability was determined by Cronbach's a, showing very good results with values of 0.94 and 0.98. Inter-rater and intrarater reliability show moderate to substantial Kappa values. Criterion validity was examined by comparing the data of the scale with the German nursing personal regulation and the German statutory insurance. The results show that the scores of the Care Dependency Scale correlate to the scores of the two classifications. In general, the German version of the scale can be recommended for use in nursing homes and on geriatric wards.
Further psychometric testing of the Dutch Care Dependency Scale on two different patient groups
International journal of nursing practice, 2002
The Care Dependency Scale (CDS) is an instrument for assessing functional care demands of psychogeriatric nursing home patients. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the CDS can be used on institutionalized elderly people other than psychogeriatric nursing home patients. Therefore, data were gathered on two different populations: residential home patients and somatic (high care) nursing home patients. Psychometric evaluations of the CDS were carried out for each population separately. These data offer additional support for the reliability of the scale in terms of internal consistency and inter-item correlation. The measures among separate groups of nurses show fair to moderate agreement. The criterion-related validity of the instrument was investigated by studying the relationship between the CDS and four other instruments. One of the main outcomes of the study is that the CDS can be used appropriately in residential home practice and in somatic nursing home practice.
Clinical rehabilitation, 2006
To investigate the criterion or concurrent validity of the Northwick Park Dependency Score (NPDS) for determining nursing dependence in different rehabilitation groups, with the Barthel Index (BI) and the Care Dependency Scale (CDS). Cross-sectional study. Centre for Rehabilitation of the University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands. Patients after stroke, spinal cord injury, multitrauma, head injury, amputation, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, lung diseases, tuberculosis and coronary artery disease. One hundred and fifty-four patients were included. The Northwick Park Dependency Score (NPDS), the Barthel Index (BI) and the Care Dependency Scale (CDS). The correlation (rho) between the NPDS and the BI for all groups was -0.87; R2=0.76 (n=154). Per patient group rho varied from -0.70 (R2=0.49) to -0.93 (R2=0.86). The overall correlation between the NPDS and CDS was larger than the criterion of rho=0.60 (r=-0.74; R2=0.55) but was <0.60 in the rheumatoid arthritis a...
A Reliability and Utility Study of the Care Dependency Scale
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 2000
The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and utility of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS). This 15-item scale has been developed recently for assessing the care dependency of demented or mentally handicapped inpatients. Data for this study were collected from 153 demented and 139 mentally handicapped inpatients. The sample was measured three times. Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach's alpha and ranged from 0.95 to 0.97. Interrater reliability revealed moderate to substantial weighted Kappa statistics between 0.51 and 0.83. Test-retest reliability analysis resulted in substantial weighted Kappas between 0.66 and 0.89. Utility tests also revealed satisfactory results. The findings support the reliability and utility of the CDS.
Background: Worldwide, around 35.6 million people live with dementia. This chronic condition is a risk factor in developing care dependency and nursing care problems, and often leads to nursing home admission. Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review that provides an overview of the prevalence of care dependency and nursing care problems in nursing home residents with dementia, because such a review is missing from the international literature. Methods: The type of narrative review was chosen and performed by doing an electronic search in PubMed, CINAHL and EMBASE and EBM Reviews via Ovid from 2003 to 2013. Furthermore, a manual search in reference lists was carried out. The literature was critically reviewed and results are presented as a narrative. Results: The international literature indicates that 28%-83% of residents with dementia are care dependent at the highest level. In view of the nursing care problems, the prevalence of malnutrition ranges from 14%-56%; urinary incontinence from 39%-59%; fecal incontinence from 43%-87%; pressure ulcers from 7%-47%; falls from 29%-60%; and restraints from 10%-60%. Conclusions: The high prevalence of care dependency and nursing care problems in nursing home residents with dementia indicate that improvements in the management of these important quality indicators are still necessary. A suggestion for further nursing research would be to compare the prevalence of care dependency and different care problems between residents with and without dementia, and to undertake longitudinal studies to compare the development as well as the progression of the important quality indicators between residents with and without dementia, including the cognitive status of the residents.
2014
Background: Worldwide, around 35.6 million people live with dementia. This chronic condition is a risk factor in developing care dependency and nursing care problems, and often leads to nursing home admission. Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review that provides an overview of the prevalence of care dependency and nursing care problems in nursing home residents with dementia, because such a review is missing from the international literature. Methods: The type of narrative review was chosen and performed by doing an electronic search in PubMed, CINAHL and EMBASE and EBM Reviews via Ovid from 2003 to 2013. Furthermore, a manual search in reference lists was carried out. The literature was critically reviewed and results are presented as a narrative. Results: The international literature indicates that 28%-83% of residents with dementia are care dependent at the highest level. In view of the nursing care problems, the prevalence of malnutrition ranges from 14%-5...
European Geriatric Medicine, 2015
Demographic developments have led to increased chronic diseases, such as dementia, which result in care dependency and nursing care problems like incontinence. This study aims to compare the degree of care dependency and the prevalence of nursing care problems between Austrian nursing home residents with and without dementia. Methods: Since 2009 a cross-sectional study has been conducted annually in Austrian nursing homes. Data from the standardized questionnaire sampling 2155 residents with and 1422 residents without dementia between 2009 and 2012 have been analysed. Results: Seventy-two percent of residents with dementia compared to 45.5% of residents without dementia are completely or to a great extent care dependent, with the highest care dependency being in hygiene, continence, (un)dressing and avoiding danger. Residents with dementia have a significantly higher prevalence of urinary incontinence (87.9% vs. 69.5%), fecal incontinence (68.2% vs. 44.5%), double incontinence (64.8% vs. 36.1%), restraints (33.5% vs. 22.4%), malnutrition (27.9% vs. 18.4%) and falls (9.9% vs. 7.0%). No significant difference was found for pressure ulcers (5.2% vs. 6.5%). Conclusion: Residents with dementia have a significantly higher degree of care dependency than residents without dementia and they also have, except for pressure ulcers, a significantly higher prevalence of nursing care problems. These results should increase awareness among health care professionals of areas requiring target-oriented dementia care. Further research should explore care dependency and nursing care problems in different stages of dementia and compare the development of care dependency and nursing care problems among residents with and without dementia.
Over time, chronic conditions like dementia can lead to care dependency and nursing care problems, often necessitating nursing home admission. This panel study (2012–2014) aims to explore changes in care dependency and nursing care problems (incontinence, malnutrition , decubitus, falls and restraints) in residents with and without dementia over time. In total, nine Austrian nursing homes participated, including 258 residents (178 with, 80 without dementia) who completed all five measurements. Data were collected with the International Prevalence Measurement of Care Problems questionnaire, the Care Dependency Scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination-2. Repeated measures ANOVA and cross-tabs were used to analyse changes. The results showed that care dependency in dementia residents increased significantly for all 15 items of the Care Dependency Scale, with the highest increase being residents' day-/night pattern, contact with others, sense of rules/val-ues and communication. In contrast, care dependency in residents without dementia increased for four of the 15 items, with the highest increase being for continence, followed by getting (un)dressed. With respect to the assessed nursing care problems, residents with dementia and those without only differed significantly in terms of an increase in urinary-(12.3% vs. 14.2%), fecal-(17.4% vs. 10%), and double incontinence (16.7% vs. 11.9%). The results indicated that residents with dementia experienced increased care dependency in different areas than residents without dementia. Furthermore, residents with dementia experienced a lower increase in urinary incontinence but a higher increase in fecal-and double incontinence. These results help professionals to identify areas for improvement in dementia care.
The care dependency scale: An assessment instrument for elderly patients in German hospitals
Geriatric Nursing, 2003
THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY was to examine aspects of reliabillity and validity of the German version of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS), a Dutch assessment instrument originally developed for demented and mentally handicapped patients. Data of 1806 patients, 60 years or older from a larger sample, collected in 11 hospitals in Germany, were analyzed. Reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha, showing a very good result with a value of .98. Criterion related validity was examined by comparing the data of the CDS with the German nursing personal regulation. The scores of the CDS correlate to the scores of the personal regulation.