Efficacy of the FIFA 11+ Warm-Up Programme in Male Youth Football: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial (original) (raw)
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Efficacy of the FIFA 11+ Warm-Up Programme in Male Youth Football:
The FIFA 11+ is a structured warm-up programme specially designed to prevent injuries among football players from age 14 years and above. However, studies to prove its efficacy are generally few and it is yet to be tested in male youth footballers and among African players. The purpose of the study was to examine the efficacy of the FIFA 11+ programme in reducing the risk of injuries among male youth football players of the Lagos Junior League. A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted. All the 20 teams (414 players aged 14 -19 years) in the Premier League division were block-randomised into either an intervention (INT) or a control (CON) group. The INT group performed the FIFA 11+ exercises as warm-up during training sessions and the CON group performed usual warm-up. Participating teams were prospectively followed through an entire league season of 6 months in which they were visited every week to assess injured players for time-loss injuries in both groups. The primary outcomes were any injury to the players, injuries by type of exposure and injuries specific to the lower extremities. The secondary outcomes were injuries reported by body location, aetiology, mechanism and severity. In total, 130 injuries were recorded affecting 104 (25%) of the 416 players. Team and player compliance with the INT was 60% and 74% respectively. Based on the primary outcome measures of the study, the FIFA 11+ programme significantly reduced the overall rate of injury in the INT group by 41% [RR = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.40 -0.86; p = 0.006)] and all lower extremity injuries by 48% [RR = 0.52 (95% CI: 0.34 -0.82; p = 0.004)]. However, the rate of injury reduction based on secondary outcomes mostly did not reach the level of statistical significance. The FIFA 11+ programme is effective in reducing the rates of injuries in male youth football players.
PLOS ONE
Introduction The effects of the FIFA11+ programme (the 11+) on ankle and groin injuries and performance have remained questionable. The latter, particularly, has potentially reduced the implementation rate and applicability of the programme. This study aimed to evaluate the mid-to-long-term effects of the 11+ and a modified programme including football-specific exercises on injury prevention and performance improvement. Materials and methods Three teams of the Iranian Youth League (division two) volunteered to participate in this study and were randomly assigned to two intervention groups (F11+; n = 29, M11+; n = 31) and a control group (n = 30). The F11+ followed the FIFA 11+ programme, whereas the M11+ performed modified exercises three times weekly as a warm-up protocol before training and competition through a football season. The control group carried out its routine warm-ups, including joggings, basic football drills, and static stretches, while having no injury prevention app...
PLOS ONE, 2021
Background Soccer players incur injuries that typically affect their performance. Injuries are caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors that call for multifactorial preventive interventions. The study examines the impact of the FIFA 11+ warm up programme on the incidence and severity of injuries in second division soccer players in Rwanda. Methods Twelve teams (309 players) were randomised in the intervention group and 12 teams (317 players) in the control group using a cluster randomized controlled trial with teams as the unit of randomization. Intervention group teams implemented the FIFA 11+ soccer specific warm-up programme during training and matches at least three times a week over seven months of the Rwandan soccer season. Control group teams continued with usual warm up exercises. The primary outcome of this study was the overall incidence of training and match injuries. Injuries, training and match exposure as well as severity categories were recorded per the F-MARC guidel...
Annals of Applied Sport Science, 2020
Background. Most football players (58%) around the world are younger than 18 years and almost three quarters of these young players are under the age of 14 years old. The characteristics of football injuries in children aged 7 12 years old are different from those of the young and adult players. Objectives. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate effects of FIFA 11+ and 11+ Kids warm-up programs in preventing the injuries on the pre-adolescents football players. Methods. PubMed and Science Direct databases were used using the search terms including FIFA 11+, 11+ kids, injury prevention, football, and pre-adolescent. A total of 520 studies were identified, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria of the review. Methodological quality of the studies were assessed through the PEDro score. Results. The 11+ Kids exercises reduce the injury and improve the physical fitness factors such as balance, jumping activities and lower limb isokinetic strength. Although 11+ exercises are de...
The FIFA 11+ is a simple, and easy to implement, sports injury prevention program comprising a warm up of 10 conditioning exercises. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of the FIFA 11+ on injury incidence, compliance and cost effectiveness when implemented among football players. MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched using the search terms "FIFA 11+", "football", "soccer", "injury prevention", and "The 11". The titles and abstracts were screened by two independent reviewers and the data were filtered by one reviewer using a standardized extraction form and thereafter checked by another one. The risk of bias and the methodological quality of the studies were evaluated through the PEDro score and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). A total of 911 studies were identified, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria of the review. The FIFA 11+ has demonstrated how a simple
The FIFA 11+ is a simple, and easy to implement, sports injury prevention program comprising a warm up of 10 conditioning exercises. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of the FIFA 11+ on injury incidence, compliance and cost effectiveness when implemented among football players. MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched using the search terms "FIFA 11+", "football", "soccer", "injury prevention", and "The 11". The titles and abstracts were screened by two independent reviewers and the data were filtered by one reviewer using a standardized extraction form and thereafter checked by another one. The risk of bias and the methodological quality of the studies were evaluated through the PEDro score and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). A total of 911 studies were identified, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria of the review. The FIFA 11+ has demonstrated how a simple
The “FIFA 11+” warm-up programme for preventing injuries in soccer players: a systematic review
Fisioterapia em Movimento, 2015
Introduction Soccer is among the sports with the highest injury rate. A group of international experts from the Fédération Internationale de Football Association — FIFA’s Medical Assessment and Research Centre — have developed the “FIFA 11+”, a warm-up programme whose main goal is to reduce the risk of common injuries in both male and female soccer players. Objective To conduct a literature review in order to check the efficiency of the “FIFA 11 +” warm-up programme in preventing injuries in soccer players. Methods We conducted a systematic review of studies in the databases MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect and SPORTDiscus, using the following keywords in combination with one another: “injury”, “prevention” and “warm-up”. Results Five studies met the inclusion criteria. In four studies, the authors conclude that the “FIFA 11 +” warm-up programme is effective for preventing injuries in soccer players. In one study, this protective effect was not observed. Conclusion The analyzed...
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.11\_Issue.8\_Aug2021/IJHSR-Abstract.022.html, 2021
Background: Football is defined to be a physically demanding sport that entails sudden acceleration and deceleration, rapid changes in direction, jumping and landing tasks, also as many situations in which players are involved in tackling to stay possession of or to win the ball. Between 2006 and 2008, FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-MARC) developed a neuromuscular warmup programme &injury prevention program with subsequent enhancement of performance for soccer called the FIFA 11+.The FIFA 11+ programme has been shown to be an efficient means of achieving optimal physiological readiness for sport. Purpose: The purpose is to study the scientific evidences regarding the effect of the 11+ warm-up programme on physical performance parameters in male recreational football players. Methodology: A search for relevant articles was carried out using key words-and search engines-PEDro, Pubmed, Science direct, Google scholar, ResearchGate, Wiley library, The Cochrane library. Studies were selected from year 2010-2019. 15 articles were reviewed and included in which study. Results: 13 articles concluded that "FIFA 11+" prevention programme can be considered an appropriate warm-up, inducing improvements in football players. (level of evidence :1a,1b,2a,2b) There are 2 high quality of evidences. (Randomized control trial, Pre-post intervention Comparative study-1b) which suggests that that a soccer specific warm-up protocol relied on dynamic stretching and dynamic warm up is preferable in enhancing performance as compared to protocols relying on static stretches , FIFA 11+ program and other injury prevention programme. Conclusion: Based on evidences collected and analyzed it can be concluded that FIFA 11+ warming up program is soccer specific warming-up program which includes running, strength, plyometric, balance, and agility components which apart from being an effective injury prevention programme it has effective potential to enhance the physical performance of a player in parameters like VO2max, Strength, Balance, Flexibility, Agility etc. Clinical Implication: FIFA 11+ warming up program is soccer specific warming-up program which includes running, strength, plyometric, balance, and agility components. It has effective potential to enhance the performance of a player. Also FIFA 11+ warming up program is easy to be coach and train because it is well organized and structured to follow in every training session and can replace in place of traditional warm-ups.
2014
Abstract: The FIFA 11+ is a simple, and easy to implement, sports injury prevention program comprising a warm up of 10 conditioning exercises. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of the FIFA 11+ on injury incidence, compliance and cost effectiveness when implemented among football players. MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched using the search terms “FIFA 11+”, “football”, “soccer”, “injury prevention”, and “The 11”. The titles and abstracts were screened by two independent reviewers and the data were filtered by one reviewer using a standardized extraction form and thereafter checked by another one. The risk of bias and the methodological quality of the studies were evaluated through the PEDro score and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). A total of 911 studies were identified, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria of the review. The FIFA 11+ has demonstrated how a simple
2017
Question Does adding a post-training Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11+ exercise program to the pre-training FIFA 11+ injury prevention program reduce injury rates among male amateur soccer players? Design: Cluster-randomised, controlled trial with concealed allocation. Participants: Twenty-one teams of male amateur soccer players aged 14 to 35 years were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 10 teams, 160 players) or the control group (n = 11 teams, 184 players). Intervention Both groups performed pre-training FIFA 11+ exercises for 20 minutes. The experimental group also performed post-training FIFA 11+ exercises for 10 minutes. Outcome measures The primary outcomes measures were incidence of overall injury, incidence of initial and recurrent injury, and injury severity. The secondary outcome measure was compliance to the experimental intervention (pre and post FIFA 11+ program) and the control intervention (pre FIFA 11+ program). Results During one season, 26 injuries (team mean = 0.081 injuries/1000 exposure hours, SD = 0.064) were reported in the experimental group, and 82 injuries were reported in the control group (team mean = 0.324 injuries/1000 hours, SD = 0.084). Generalised Estimating Equations were applied with an intention-to-treat analysis. The pre and post FIFA 11+ program reduced the total number of injuries (X 2 (1) = 11.549, p = 0.001) and the incidence of initial injury (X 2 (2) = 8.987, p = 0.003) significantly more than the pre FIFA 11+ program alone. However, the odds of suffering a recurrent injury were not different between the two groups (X 2 (1) = 2.350, p = 0.125). Moreover, the severity level of injuries was not dependent upon whether or not the pre and post FIFA 11+ program was implemented (X 2 (1) = 0.016, p = 0.898). Conclusion Implementation of the FIFA 11+ program pre-training and post-training reduced overall injury rates in male amateur soccer players more than the pre FIFA 11+ program alone.Trial registration: ACTRN12615001206516.