A Review on an Efficient Monitoring Of Substations Using Microcontroller Based Monitoring System (original) (raw)
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Rapid revolutions in different fields of science, industries and technologies offer the advantages of using AVR microcontrollers based on monitoring systems designed and deployed to detect, diagnose and measure disturbances in the circuit. The AVR microcontroller monitoring system will make it possible to monitor defects at many points immediately for more extensive systems and devices such as motors and power devices. AVR Microcontroller monitors and controls a substation voltage, current, and temperature in a distribution transformer by detecting overload, high current and high temperature. The measured values of the transformer's voltage, current, and temperature will be transmitted via the RF transmitter every time. Through RF transmission, the output being monitored will be presented on a computer located at the central station in a remote location. Distribution transformer parameters are compared to rated values and shut down the transformer to protect and enhance its work. So the AVR microcontroller is a protector, quality enhancer and reliability improver.
The project named ‘Substation Monitoring System’ proposes an innovative design to develop a system based on microcontroller. It is used for monitoring the voltage, current and temperature of a distribution transformer in a substation and to protect the system from the rise in mentioned parameters. The objective is to monitor the electrical parameters continuously and hence to guard the burning of distribution transformer due to the constraints such as overload, over temperature and input high voltage. If any of these values increase beyond the limit then the entire unit is shut down by operating an Electromagnetic Relay. This relay is activated as soon as the parameters exceed the predefined threshold values. The relay also works as a circuit breaker to switch off the main power supply. RF communication is used to continuously send the instantaneous values to the intermediate station. The GSM modem is used to send the real time electrical parameters in the form of SMS. The system is designed to send a SMS alerts to the authorized person whenever the parameters (Voltage, Current and Temperature) exceeds the predefined limits.
An Efficient Microcontroller Based Distribution Transformer Fault Detection and Protection System
Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control, 2020
Distribution transformers are a vital component of electrical power transmission and distribution system. Frequent Monitoring transformers faults before it occurs can help prevent transformer faults which are expensive to repair and result in a loss of energy and services. The present method of the routine manual check of transformer parameters by the electricity board has proven to be less effective. This research aims to develop a low-cost protection system for the distribution transformer making it safer with improved reliability of service to the users. Therefore, this research work investigated transformer fault types and developed a microcontroller-based system for transformer fault detection and protection system using GSM (the Global System of Mobile Communication) technology for fault reporting. The developed prototype system was tested using voltage, current and temperature, which gave a threshold voltage higher than 220 volts to be overvoltage, a load higher than 200 watt...
Low-cost and Efficient Fault Detection and Protection System for Distribution Transformer
Kinetik : game technology, information system, computer network, computing, electronics, and control, 2020
Distribution transformers are a vital component of electrical power transmission and distribution system. Frequent Monitoring transformers faults before it occurs can help prevent transformer faults which are expensive to repair and result in a loss of energy and services. The present method of the routine manual check of transformer parameters by the electricity board has proven to be less effective. This research aims to develop a low-cost protection system for the distribution transformer making it safer with improved reliability of service to the users. Therefore, this research work investigated transformer fault types and developed a microcontroller-based system for transformer fault detection and protection system using GSM (the Global System of Mobile Communication) technology for fault reporting. The developed prototype system was tested using voltage, current and temperature, which gave a threshold voltage higher than 220 volts to be overvoltage, a load higher than 200 watts to be overload and temperature greater than 39 degrees Celsius to be over temperature was measured. From the results, there was timely detection of transformer faults of the system, the transformer protection circuits were fully functional, and fault reporting was achieved using the GSM device. Overall, 99% accuracy was achieved. The system can thus be recommended for use by the Electricity Distribution Companies to protect distribution transformers for optimal performance, as the developed system makes the transformers more robust, and intelligent. Hence, a real-time distribution transformer fault monitoring and prevention system is achieved and the cost of transformer maintenance is reduced to an extent.
IJERT-Automation of Distribution Transformer Using Microcontroller -A Survey Approach
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2013
https://www.ijert.org/automation-of-distribution-transformer-using-microcontroller-a-survey-approach https://www.ijert.org/research/automation-of-distribution-transformer-using-microcontroller-a-survey-approach-IJERTV2IS100510.pdf Transformers are vital element of the electric power transmission and distribution infrastructure, they need to monitor to prevent any potential faults. Failure in transformer can easily cost several million dollars to either repair or replace, and will also cause a loss of service to customers’ revenue until the symptoms is found and repaired. In the past, many innovative techniques have been proposed for the protection of transformers but all those systems lack in providing a robust and sophisticated embedded system which can maintain transformers. This paper proposes the automation of the transformer using microcontroller. Various parameters such as temperature, current and oil level of the transformer are monitored. Any abnormal condition causes the microcontroller to trip the relay and the cause for increase in temperature is also displayed, thus the transformer is protected from severe damage.
MONITORING AND CONTROL OF CONDITION OF TRANSFORMER BY ONLINE BASED MICROCONTROLLER
TJPRC, 2014
The insulated state is one of the most important problems of transformer because incipient faults are the major cause for the deterioration of insulation in the transformers. Low-cost, online incipient fault detection for Transformers is essential due to high cost involved in conventional methods. Electrical, Thermal, or Chemical effects can be observed during fault condition. One of the simplest and most effective ways to monitor a transformer condition is through temperature sensors. In this paper digital based monitoring of transformer state is designed using the control system involving PIC microcontroller PIC 16F876A. The controller has an inbuilt ADC with 5 input channels to monitor 5 parameters. Among the 5 channels, only two channels are used to monitor temperature, over load condition and control strategy is developed such that transformer will be disconnected from the supply if the temperature and load conditions are greater than preset values. Provision is given for the model so that GPRS system may be interfaced to facilitate for transmitting the measured parameters to remote monitoring units.
Remote Monitoring of Transformer Health by Using Radio Frequency Module
Transformers are the heart of the transmission and distribution system.So monitoring of transformer should be done at regular interval to avoid faults and to maintain system stability and reliability. This project proposes and innovative design to develop system based on micro controller using Radio frequency. Three parameters current, voltage, temperature are of distribution transformer are continuously being monitor to protect transformer from various faults. Main objective of this project is to monitor transformer continuously on the basis of real time data to avoid fault and protect overall system. Previously and Presently transformers are monitored manually which was very time consuming and less accurate. This technique is categorized into offline monitoring technique which has many disadvantages so main aim of this project is to use online monitoring technique which is most accurate, fast and reliable to protect transformer from various faults.
A REVIEW ON TRANSFORMER FAULT MONITORING SYSTEM
In an electrical power system, the transformer power to control high voltage to low voltage users. For operation of transformer, its operational condition satellite communication use accurate monitored and maintained. Transformer power losses, the system working on time to time of the equipment on the Cumulative system. Since it is so expensive to repair or exchange a single transformer, Implemented Transformer fault monitor and track location system in transmission line1,line2,line3.The Transformer fault tracking a monitor display has been implementation for phase in line power unit system. A Tracking system has been design for Transformer fault monitor to Track location and detections in power electronics system and also we are using Microcontroller ATMEGA328 which indicate the transformer monitor to detection of faults. Parameters like as voltage, current circuit and power energy use are done using protocol Communication USART Master Microcontroller is done. Units is found, wireless technology GSM & GPS Technology are used to send SMS to a monitor control unit section. This satellite functions depend on GPS module as transformer fault monitor detection when abnormality or emergency happens and wireless mobile communication technology. GSM modem is used exact mobile number to send message with coordinate track location using GPS to responsible person. This thesis presents the design and implementation of Transformer fault detection system based on GSM Modem and fault track location using GPS system. This system continuously monitors and records key parameters of distribution transformer such as load voltage, load current and transformer temperature. Continuous monitoring of the Transformer parameter has been achieved in the sub-stations through our system. Then we can take possible corrective action like balancing the loads on each phase or even switching the transformer off can be taken before any failure happens. A prototype transformer use in this system be used for line fault monitor. This implemented design will help at utility to improve fault restoration time and we can utilize transformers for long period of time. Transformers electric device are step-down power system components which are used at various voltage levels with the capacity varying from 1KVA to 600MVA. Any damage to this component results is completely loss in power system. The communication system with mod bus protocol is implemented. Also use wireless technology GSM and GPS through which SMS send number to a message a control section on mobile. GSM and GPS modules have been for wireless communication applications. The satellite include devices that recognize Antenna the existence of a transformer monitor fault, indicates its location, detection some other abnormal fault like z-network analysis conditions and starts the inceptive steps of opening of circuit to disconnect the faulty equipment of the power electronics. The device development in the digital nand gate logic of power electronics and signal processing made it possible to microcontroller circuit board based relays work which provides a signal transmit GSM viable alternative to the fault circuit board.