A brief history of mastoidectomy (original) (raw)
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DOI: 10.7162/S1809-97772013000200009 A brief history of mastoidectomy
2016
Aim: To describe to the new generation of otologists the origins of mastoidectomy as well as the difficulties our predecessors encountered and the solutions they devised to improve otologic surgery. Method: Retrospective literature review-based study. Results: Before the mid-19th century, mastoidectomy was performed only sporadically and in most cases as a desperate attempt to save the lives of people suffering from complications of infectious otitis. The drainage of acute abscesses became a common procedure at the beginning of the 20th century, within the pre-antibiotic era. The first documented surgical incision to drain an infected ear was described by the French physician Ambroise Paré in the 16th century. The credit for performing the first mastoidectomy for the removal of purulent secretions went to Jean-Louis Petit. Mastoidectomies were normally performed to treat infections. However, mastoidectomies were also carried out for other purposes, particularly for the treatment of ...
Mastoid Surgery For The Chronic Ear: A Ten Year Review
The Internet Journal of Head and Neck Surgery, 2008
Background: mastoidectomy can be a life saving procedure in cases of complications of chronic suppurative otitis media. The aim of this study was to review the indications and outcome of mastoidectomy in our environment. Methodology: This is a retrospective chart review of all mastoid surgery between 1997 and 2006 in university college hospital, Ibadan. Results: The study comprised of 25 surgical procedures in 23 subjects, 9 males and 14 females (m:f = 1:1.5). The peak age incidence was 21-35 years constituting 44%, in age range 3 to 64 years, mean of 26 years (sd = 25.00years). Otorrhoea and otalgia were the main presenting feature, 21(84%). Duration of disease before presentation was more than 10 years in 8(32%). Pure tone audiometry revealed hearing loss in 16(64%). the commonest indications for surgery was mastoiditis /mastoid abscess in 19(76%). Modified radical mastoidectomy was done in 48% with type iii tympanoplasty in 64%, postoperative appreciable gain in hearing was noted in 13(52%). Conclusion: Early referral of patients and detailed follow up is essential to minimize the sequelae of hearing loss and persistent discharge.
Revision Mastoidectomy and Oto-Endoscopy
2014
CSOM is still quite common in otolaryngology clinics in developing countries 1 . The complications associated with CSOM despite its reduced incidence still pose a great challenge 6 .The therapy of such ailment usually involves surgical intervention. The aim of such surgery is to achieve a dry self cleaning ear with complete removal of disease and preserve or restore the hearing whenever possible. The two most common surgical approaches in managing chronic active otitis media with or without cholesteatoma and chronic mastoiditis are canal wall up (CWUM) or canal wall down mastoidectomy (CWDM). The result of such surgery varies in literature .The common causes of surgical failure are recurrent or residual disease and poorly designed architecture of surgical cavities 11 . The present article reviews the causes of failure of primary surgical procedures in patients who presented at our centre with recurrent or persistent disease in ear.
Mastoidectomy: retrospective analysis of 137 cases in a tertiary care hospital
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2017
INTRODUCTION Mastoidectomy ranks among the commonest surgical procedures performed in the otological realm and is aimed at therapeutic excenteration of mastoid air cells. 1 Chronic otitis media is the commonest indication for performing this surgery, where continued inflammation of the middle ear cleft leading to osteitis and irreversible mucosal changes, or presence of cholesteatoma causing bone erosion, necessitate surgical disease clearance. It is also indicated in other inflammatory diseases or tumors of the middle ear and mastoid. Two basic surgical approaches have been evolved for mastoid clearance, namely the canal wall up and the canal wall down procedures. 2 The canal wall up procedure include cortical mastoidectomy, combined approach tympanoplasty, and mastoidectomy with canal wall reconstruction. Canal wall down procedures include modified radical mastoidectomy and radical mastoidectomy. Need for added procedures like tympanoplasty is decided by the findings encountered during surgery, when the mastoid surgeon must individualize the procedure appropriate for each patient to optimize the outcome of surgery. The aim of the study is to conduct a chart review of patients undergoing mastoidectomy, over a period of one ABSTRACT Background: Mastoidectomy is a common otologic surgery and at times can be a lifesaving procedure. The aim of the study is to analyze surgical indications, operative parameters and per-operative findings encountered. Methods: This is a retrospective study done in patients who had undergone mastoid surgeries between 1 st Jan 2016 to 31 st Dec 2016 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Govt. Medical College hospital, Trivandrum. Results: Of the 137 patients the peak age incidence was 16-30 years. Cholesteatoma was present in 32% of which 91% had canal wall down mastoidectomy. 64% patients, mostly chronic otitis media-mucosal and inactive squamosal, underwent canal wall up procedure. In 62% cases the ossicular chain was eroded, which was mainly incus (87%). Abnormalities encountered within the mastoid during surgery were mainly dehiscent facial canal (17.5%), low lying dura (16.8%) and contracted antrum (15.3%). A positive association could be noted between contracted antrum and the position of sinus and dural plates, and was statistically significant. Coexistence of facial canal dehiscence with lateral canal fistula and dural plate dehiscence were also noted. The tympanoplasty procedures commonly employed in canal wall up procedures was Type I and 2, and in canal wall down procedure was Type 3. Conclusions: Adequate skill development of the ear surgeons in the tertiary centre should be ensured, to individualize the procedure appropriate for each patient and optimize the outcome of surgery. Early referral to the nearby otological centre should be promoted not only to prevent complications but also for better post-surgical functional outcome.
2018
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intact bridge mastoidectomy for chronic ear diseases and compare it with canal wall down technique and intact canal wall technique. Materials and Methods: A prospective and comparative study was done on 120 patients, divided into three equal groups .Patients of chronic supportive otitis media with granulation, cholesteatoma and cholesterol granuloma were taken for study.40 patients were operated by IBM technique,40 patients by CWD technique and 40 patients by ICW technique. Results were compared in terms of air bone gap improvement and success rate. Results: In our study, in terms of outcome, air bone gap improvement by IBM technique was better than CWD technique, but was comparable to ICW technique. Incidence of recurrence of disease was less than that of ICW technique but was almost equal to CWD technique. Conclusion: IBM technique is a very good technique in comparison to CWD and ICW technique, as it results in better ABG improvement and rec...
Inner Ear Effects of Canal Wall Down Mastoidectomy: A Prospective Study
Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, 2011
Objective. To evaluate the inner ear effects of canal wall down (CWD) mastoidectomy without ossiculoplasty in the treatment of chronic otitis media (COM) with regard to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and reported tinnitus and dizziness-related disability.
Effect of cortical mastoidectomy on audiological outcomes in mucosal chronic otitis media
Al-Azhar International Medical Journal, 2020
Background: Otitis media is an inflammation of a part or whole of the mucoperiosteal lining of the middle ear cleft. The role of mastoidectomy in the treatment of mucosal chronic otitis media has remained controversial especially when there is no evidence of active infection. Aim of the work: To evaluate the impact of cortical mastoidectomy in the management of mucosal chronic otitis media in terms of graft uptake and hearing improvement. Patients and methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial of 30 patients with uncomplicated mucosal chronic otitis media were allocated at random to either group of 15 patients each. Patients in group A underwent tympanoplasty without mastoidectomy and group B underwent tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy. Patients were scheduled postoperatively for follow-up visits on 1, 3weeks, 3, 6 months and 1 year postoperatively for clinical assessment of the operated ear concerning graft status, ear discharge and hearing improvement. Results: Tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy has better graft uptake (93.3 %) as compared to without mastoidectomy (86.6 %). The mean air conduction threshold gain was 10.1 ± 10.2 dB in group A and 12.0 ± 9.2 dB in group B. The mean air-bone gap closure was 8.6 ± 6.9 dB in group A and 11 ± 9 dB in group B. There was no statistical significance among both groups. Conclusion: Addressing the mastoid region by mastoidectomy did not show a statistically significant difference in the postoperative hearing gain and graft uptake rate in treating mucosal chronic otitis media.