Tribological effects of plasma immersion ion implantation heating treatments on Ti-6Al-4V alloy (original) (raw)
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Surface and Coatings Technology, 2008
The effect of different surface treatments on the wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4Valloy has been investigated. For this purpose, plasma nitriding treatment was performed in a gas mixture 75% N 2 -25% Ar, for 1 h treatment time and at 750°C. The thin films were deposited using CFUMBS technique. The results showed that more surface roughness was obtained for nitrided specimens compared with thin film deposited specimens. It was also observed that both surface treatments improved the wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. It was determined that plasma nitrided specimens exhibited excellent wear resistance compared with thin film deposited ones when applied load increased. Similar results were obtained from surface hardness measurements, and it was observed that load bearing capacity increased after plasma nitriding. The corrosion resistance of both surface treatments showed similar properties.
Improving the tribological properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy by nitrogen-ion implantation
Surface and Coatings Technology, 1999
Ti-doped diamond like carbon films were deposited on both untreated and plasma nitrided Ti6Al4V alloy using Closed Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUMBS) method and their tribological properties were evaluated by conducting sliding wear conditions. The influence of the nitrided layer on tribological behavior of Ti-DLC films was studied by means of XRD, SEM, scratch tester, microhardness tester and pin-ondisc tribotester. The microhardness results pointed out that the duplex treatment dramatically increased the surface hardness and reduced the plastic deformation of the alloy. Wear tests showed that Ti-DLC coatings on both untreated and nitrided surfaces caused a reduction in the coefficient of friction. The reason of the reduction in the coefficient of friction was found to be the formation of transfer film between the sliding surfaces. Wear rates demonstrated that wear resistance of duplex treated (Ti-DLC coating after nitriding) Ti6Al4V alloy was significantly improved.
THE TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE Ti6Al4V ALLOY WITH NITROGEN ION IMPLANTATION
Tribologia, 2019
The article presents the analysis of the influence of ion implantation on the properties of titanium alloy used in biotribological systems. The object of the study was the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V implanted with nitrogen ions. Tribological model tests were carried out in combination with a sphere with Al2O3 – a Ti6Al4V alloy disc implanted with N+ ions. Experimental friction tests were carried out on pin-on-disc testers in conditions of technically dry conditions and in conditions of lubrication with the Ringer’s solution. The tests on the TRB tester were carried out in a swinging motion, while on the T-01 tester in a sliding movement. Friction coefficient and wear were determined for all tests. Surface morphology testing and chemical composition analyses were performed using the Jeol JSM-7100F scanning electron microscope, equipped with an EDS microanalyzer. Surface geometry measurements prior to and after tribological tests were performed on a Taylor Hobson’s Talysurf CCI contactles...
Improvement of tribological properties by ion implantation
Surface and Coatings Technology, 1993
Ion implantation is a surface technology process that is emerging as a viable and economical technique for the improvement of tribological properties of engineering components. This treatment is highly versatile for modifying surface properties of materials by a careful selection of ions to be implanted and processing conditions. The study of tribological properties induced by ion implantation has received increasing attention during the last years and a large volume of literature exists on this subject. Most of these reports deal with the effect of selected implantation treatments on steels and other materials of engineering importance, such as titanium and aluminium alloys. This work indicates some of the mechanisms that have been postulated as to account for the beneficial effects of ion implantation on the friction and wear of these materials. The paper also discusses how the modification of surface micro structure and mechanical and chemical properties can significantly influence the tribological performance of engineering materials. The extent of this influence depends on the type of wear and friction mechanisms that are operative in the tribosystem. Some examples are presented on the effect of ion implantation on tribo-mechanical properties of selected materials, including steels, hard chromium coatings and titanium alloys. Under certain operative conditions, ion implantation can lower the adhesion between surfaces and promote a change in operative wear mechanisms during run-in. Results show how ion implantation of carbon at very high doses can lead to the formation of a solid lubricant layer on steels and titanium alloys. C 1s spectra obtained from XPS analyses on these surfaces indicate the presence of graphitic bonds at the near surface with a contribution of carbidic bonds beneath the surface. q 1998 Elsevier Science S.A.
Improvement of tribological properties of Ti6Al4V by nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation
2003
Ion implantation is the most versatile and superior surface modification method. It has several advantages compared with other modification methods. In this study, the nitrogen was implanted by a process of ion implantation at 60 keV with different fluences of 1 x 10 16 , 5 x 10 16 , 1x10 17 and 5 x 10 17 ions/cm 2. Corrosion resistance of Ti6Al4V and ion implanted Ti6Al4V were investigated by an electrochemical test, at 37 0 C in normal saline solution. ICP-AES studies were carried out to determine amount of ions leached out from samples when kept immersed in normal saline solution. The implanted samples showed variation in the corrosion resistance and microhardness with varying fluences. The sample implanted at 1 X 10 17 ions/cm 2 showed an optimum corrosion resistance.
High-temperature tribological characterization of commercial TiAlN coatings
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 2006
This study was performed with the aim of evaluating the relative tribological behaviour at high temperature of (Ti 1−x Al x )N coatings commercially deposited on WC inserts. The (Ti 1−x Al x )N multilayered, nanostructured and single-layer coatings, which contained different Ti/Al atomic ratios varying from 7/3 to 2/3 respectively, were deposited by employing a commercial PVD cathodic arc process. The absolute hardness value for each coating is also reported and has been calculated from the Vickers microhardness measurements by using one of the models published in the literature. Standard ball-on-disc testing was conducted in order to determine friction coefficients and wear rates for these systems against a 6 mm alumina ball. These tests have been carried out in conditions that are not common in industrial use, e.g. metal cutting tools inasmuch as alumina is not a representative workpiece material. The sliding tests were performed out at 25, 500 and 700 • C with 5 N normal loads. At 25 • C, a wear volume, V , of approximately 10 −2 mm 3 was obtained for all the tested coatings. When the test temperature increased to 500 • C, the singlelayered coatings showed a wear volume of the same order of magnitude as those tested at room temperature. The multilayered coated samples decreased their wear volume by one order of magnitude, whereas the nanostructured samples showed almost no wear. At 700 • C, the wear volume values reported for all samples were similar and of the same order of magnitude as those tested at room temperature. The wear mechanism is discussed together with the morphological and compositional characteristics, determined by SEM coupled with EDX analysis.
Effect of Surface Treatment on Tribological Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Implant Alloy
Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 2012
Titanium alloys are extensively used in various fields of engineering, medicine, aerospace, marine due to its excellent mechanical properties. Its usage is more pronounced today in the field of biomedical implants due to its superior biocompatibility, corrosive resistance and high strength to weight ratio. It has poor abrasive wear resistance due to high coefficient of friction and low thermal conductivity. Poor abrasive wear resistance results in the formation of wear debris at the implant area causing toxicity, inflammation and pain. Surface treatment of the implant alloy through heat treatment, application of protective coatings, introduction of compressive residual stresses by shotpeening and shot blasting are some of the methods to mitigate wear of the implant alloy. In this work Ti-6Al-4V implant alloy is treated under various conditions of heat treatment, shotpeening and shot blasting operations on a pin on disc wear testing machine. Shotpeening and Shot blasting are the operations usually performed on this alloy to improve fatigue strength and surface roughness. In this work the effect of above surface treatments were studied on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V implant alloy and an improvement in the wear resistance of the alloy is reported. Scanning Electron micrograph (SEM) along with Energy Dispersive Spectrometry analysis (EDS) is done to authenticate the experimental results obtained during the wear testing procedure.
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2000
Although titanium and its alloys own good mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance, these materials present poor tribological properties for specific applications that require wear resistance. In order to produce wear-resistant surfaces, this work is aimed at achieving improvement of wear characteristics in Ti-Si-B alloys by means of high temperature nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII). These alloys were produced by powder metallurgy using high energy ball milling and hot pressing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction identified the presence of α-titanium, Ti 6 Si 2 B, Ti 5 Si 3 , TiB and Ti 3 Si phases. Wear tests were carried out with a ball-on-disk tribometer to evaluate the friction coefficient and wear rate in treated and untreated samples. The worn profiles were measured by visible light microscopy and examined by SEM in order to determine the wear rates and wear mechanisms. Ti-7.5Si-22.5B alloy presented the highest wear resistance amongst the untreated alloys produced in this work. High temperature PIII was effective to reduce the wear rate and friction coefficient of all the Ti-Si-B sintered alloys.
The Effect of Low Temperature Plasma Nitriding on Wear Resistance of Ti6Al4V Alloy
Acta Physica Polonica A, 2014
The eect of low temperature plasma nitriding on wear resistance of Ti6Al4V alloy were investigated. There have been several studies to investigate the low temperature plasma nitriding on Ti6Al4V alloy. Plasma nitriding processes under gas mixture of N2/H2 = 3 were performed at temperature 535 • C for duration of 4, 8 and 12 h. Adhesive wear tests were carried out by using a tribometer in block-on-ring conguration (ASTM G77), in sliding conditions, without lubricants and in air. Surface hardness of the plasma nitrided samples were measured by a Vickers hardness tester machine. Scanning electron microscopy studies were conducted to understand the wear mechanisms involved during the adhesive wear. Wear rate was calculated using weight loss per unit sliding distance. It was found that the wear resistance and surface hardness of the alloy improved considerably after plasma nitriding process. The wear resistance of the plasma nitrided samples were higher than of the unnitrided samples. Extension of nitriding times from 4 h to 12 h in the Ti6Al4V alloy improved remerkably the wear resistance and surface hardness.