Printed electrodes for flexible, light-weight solid-state supercapacitors – a feasibility study (original) (raw)
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IJERT-A Study On Carbon Electrode Supercapacitors
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2013
https://www.ijert.org/a-study-on-carbon-electrode-supercapacitors https://www.ijert.org/research/a-study-on-carbon-electrode-supercapacitors-IJERTV2IS60682.pdf Six carbon electrode supercapacitors were fabricated to see the effect of various supercapacitor materials on its capacitance. The effects of activated carbon surface area, type of electrolyte used and electrolyte concentration were observed. Results have shown that the surface area of the activated carbon is no longer the most important factor of getting large capacitance value. Meanwhile activated carbon with a lesser surface area with larger pore size could do better than that with a larger surface area and small pore size. It was also discovered that interposing a micro grid in between each current collector and its electrode could boost conductivity there by enhancing capacitance.
A Study On Carbon Electrode Supercapacitors
Six carbon electrode supercapacitors were fabricated to see the effect of various supercapacitor materials on its capacitance. The effects of activated carbon surface area, type of electrolyte used and electrolyte concentration were observed. Results have shown that the surface area of the activated carbon is no longer the most important factor of getting large capacitance value. Meanwhile activated carbon with a lesser surface area with larger pore size could do better than that with a larger surface area and small pore size. It was also discovered that interposing a micro grid in between each current collector and its electrode could boost conductivity there by enhancing capacitance.
High power density electrodes for Carbon supercapacitor applications
Electrochimica Acta, 2005
This paper presents results obtained with 4 cm 2 Carbon/Carbon supercapacitors cells in organic electrolyte. In the first approach, a surface treatment for Al current collector foil via the sol-gel route has been used in order to decrease the Al/active material interface resistance. Performances obtained with this original process are: a low equivalent series resistance (ESR) of 0.5 Ω cm 2 and a specific capacitance of 95 F g −1 of activated carbon. Then, supercapacitors assembled with treated Al foil and active material containing activated carbon/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different compositions have been studied. Galvanostatic cycling measurements show that when CNTs content increases, both ESR and specific capacitance are decreased. Fifteen percent appears to be a good compromise between stored energy and delivered power with an ESR of 0.4 Ω cm 2 and a specific capacitance of 93 F g −1 of carbonaceous active material. Finally, cells frequency behaviour has been characterized by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. The relaxation time constant of cells decreases when the CNTs content increases. For 15% of CNTs, the time constant is about 30% lower as compared to a cell using pure activated carbon-based electrodes leading to a higher delivered power.
INVESTIGATION OF THE CARBON MATERIAL BASED ELECTRODES FOR SUPERCAPACITORS
In this work the different types carbon materials, such as carbon fibers, graphite oxide, exfoliated graphite were studied for the using as an electrode materials in supercapacitors. The capacitance of the supercapacitors depends on the surface area of the electrode material, therefore using of the carbon materials with high surface area is more effective.
Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors: A Review of Recent Advances
Catalysts
The advanced electrochemical properties, such as high energy density, fast charge–discharge rates, excellent cyclic stability, and specific capacitance, make supercapacitor a fascinating electronic device. During recent decades, a significant amount of research has been dedicated to enhancing the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitors through the development of novel electrode materials. In addition to highlighting the charge storage mechanism of the three main categories of supercapacitors, including the electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), pseudocapacitors, and the hybrid supercapacitors, this review describes the insights of the recent electrode materials (including, carbon-based materials, metal oxide/hydroxide-based materials, and conducting polymer-based materials, 2D materials). The nanocomposites offer larger SSA, shorter ion/electron diffusion paths, thus improving the specific capacitance of supercapacitors (SCs). Besides, the incorporation of the redox-ac...
Carbon Materials as a Conductive Skeleton for Supercapacitor Electrode Applications: A Review
Nanomaterials
Supercapacitors have become a popular form of energy-storage device in the current energy and environmental landscape, and their performance is heavily reliant on the electrode materials used. Carbon-based electrodes are highly desirable due to their low cost and their abundance in various forms, as well as their ability to easily alter conductivity and surface area. Many studies have been conducted to enhance the performance of carbon-based supercapacitors by utilizing various carbon compounds, including pure carbon nanotubes and multistage carbon nanostructures as electrodes. These studies have examined the characteristics and potential applications of numerous pure carbon nanostructures and scrutinized the use of a wide variety of carbon nanomaterials, such as AC, CNTs, GR, CNCs, and others, to improve capacitance. Ultimately, this study provides a roadmap for producing high-quality supercapacitors using carbon-based electrodes.
Supercapacitors are energy storage devices emerging as one of the promising energy storage devices in the future energy technology. In this perspective, rapid progress is made in the development of fundamental and applied aspects of supercapacitors. Various techniques have been developed specifically to estimate the specific capacitance. Numerous efforts were made in the literature to increase the specific capacitance value of the electrode materials. The electrode materials which have unique structural and electrochemical capacitance properties, such as high capacity and cyclic stability showed great supercapacitors performances. Recently, there are much new types of electrode materials were developed to play an important role in the capacitance behavior. In this review, we focused on the applications of various nanostructured electrode materials like carbon nanomaterials, metal oxides and conducting polymer towards highly efficient supercapacitors.
Review of the Selected Carbon-Based Materials for Symmetric Supercapacitor Application
Journal of Electronic Materials
Carbon materials are among the most commonly used components of supercapacitor electrodes. Particularly, active carbons are recognized as cheap, available, and easily tailored materials. However, the carbon family, i.e. carbon products and carbon precursors, consists of many members. In this manuscript some of these materials, including laboratory scale-produced carbon gels, carbon nanotubes and carbonized materials, as well as industrial scale-produced graphites, pitches, coke and coal, were compared. Discussion was preceded by a short history of supercapacitors and review of each type of tested material, from early beginning to state-of-the-art. Morphology and structure of the materials were analyzed (specific surface area, pore volume and interlayer spacing determination), to evaluate their applicability in energy storage. Thermal analysis was used to determine the stability and purity. Finally, electrochemical evaluation using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed. Outcomes of each analytical technique were summarized in different sections.
Influence of electrode preparation on the electrochemical behaviour of carbon-based supercapacitors
This work investigates the influence of electrode preparation on the electrochemical behaviour of carbon-based supercapacitors. Studies were performed using the same activated carbon and polymer polyvynilidene fluoride (PVDF) in the same proportions (10 wt.% PVDF). Only the way in which these components were mixed was modified. The procedure for mixing the activated carbon and the polymer has a significant influence on the electrochemical behaviour of the electrode used in a supercapacitor, as this determines the surface area accessible to the electrolyte. The mixing procedure can be selected in order to ensure optimum performance of the electrode. The use of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in the mixing procedure, the most common method reported in the literature, blocks a significant part of the porosity of the activated carbon, causing a decrease in capacitance. The addition of the polymer using one of the other methods studied reduces the accessible surface area to a lesser extent,...