Situation Awareness In Emergency Medical Dispatch (original) (raw)
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Describing Situation Awareness at an Emergency Medical Dispatch Centre
2004
Abstract In this paper we describe findings on Situation Awareness (SA) from a field study on decision making in ambulance control, or Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD). Triangulating the results from observations and Contextual Inquiry interviews of 18 participants, with 13 Critical Decision Methods in-depth interviews, we found, among other things, that EMD work can be classified as routine operations, start of a major incident, and when an incident is established.
Situation awareness and its implications for human–systems interaction
2001
This paper describes the nature of situation awareness in the command and control of emergency ambulances in a large metropolitan centre. In a field study using the Critical Decision Method, situation awareness has been found to play a crucial role in ensuring that real-time decisions are made in the context of the situation. A descriptive model of how dispatchers interact with their control systems to develop and maintain this mental picture was developed.
Situation Awareness to Support Decision-Making among Emergency Care Practitioners
2009
To understand a new work role in emergency medical services, the relationship between situation awareness (SA) and decision-making among emergency care practitioners (ECPs) is examined. Research approach -A scoping study was completed and involved observations (36 hours of ride-outs and 4 hours of sit-ins) and semi-structured interviews with a group of ECPs and Triage Nurses at an ambulance control room. A subject matter expert was consulted to validate a communication map derived from the observations and interviews. Findings/Design -The results show that system's factors could affect the creation of SA and decision-making. As a result, a framework for SA and decision-making among ECPs was developed. Originality/Value -This study extends the study of SA into emergency medical services domain. It also contributes in understanding a new practitioner role in the UK. Take away message -Factors related to the development of SA should be understood to support decisionmaking among ECPs and thereby improve the quality of care in emergency medicine.
Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2014
In emergency medical dispatch it is essential to find out what has happened and what to expect. When this information is collected and processed it creates situational awareness. Dispatchers should have knowledge of relevant, necessary, and missing data to be able to dispatch the right medical response units with right information. The aim of this study was to identify the information categories needed to create situational awareness in emergency medical dispatch. In emergency medical dispatch, the information role and information need are different, depending on the role of dispatch centre personnel. ERC operators use similar types of information, regardless of the incident, whereas for incident monitors the incident affects the use of, and the need for, information.
Situation Awareness in Emergency Medicine
2012
The objective of this study is to determine the effects of environmental factors on physician situation awareness (SA) in an emergency department (ED) setting. An objective method of level 1 (i.e., perception) SA measurement and evaluation was developed and applied. Resident physician level 1 SA was measured using the Situational Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT). SAGAT question probes (i.e., sets of 10 questions) were generated randomly from a pool of questions and administered hourly. Questions were answered at a 7.4% false response rate. Environmental measures (i.e., patient information, physician information, temporal information, and workload) were collected concurrently. Mixed-effects modeling was used to determine the relationship between physician SA and environmental factors adjusting for potential correlation within physician observed, patients managed, and questions asked. Significant factors associated with decreases in SA include: patient hand-offs (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.67), resident physician in final year of training (OR: 0.49), and number of patients managed (OR: 1.17). Significant correlation within question was observed and adjusted for. Overall, this study demonstrates a novel approach toward diagnosing factors contributing to physician SA during patient care. SA studies in healthcare may provide evidence for interventions aimed at improving healthcare work environments and patient safety.
From common operating picture to situational awareness
International Journal of Emergency Management, 2014
The purpose of this study is to investigate what influences the formation of a common operating picture and situational awareness during collaborative efforts to deal with complex disasters. Particular focus is given to the relationship between the operating picture and situational awareness. The study was conducted using qualitative interviews and a grounded theory approach, and is based on interview data from three crisis events. The results show that the operating picture is influenced by information coming together from different sources and forming a snapshot of the event, a portrait which changes and is updated over time, while organisational belonging, role and occupationally specific knowledge provide a framework for and influence situational awareness. The results also show that the operating picture forms the basis for an occupationally specific and role-based situational awareness and its subsequent decision-making. Further studies on the relation between common operating picture, sense making and situational awareness are discussed.
Designing Situation Awareness - Addressing the Needs of Medical Emergency Response
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Software Technologies, 2017
The effective support of Situation Awareness (SA) is the core of many applications. In this paper, we report a progress on the research towards the complementing of the existing studies with new knowledge, on engineering of SA in particular keeping in mind a complex multi-stakeholder context of existing and future knowledge intensive intelligent environments. A medical emergency response use case is used as an instantiation example to evaluate our engineering thoughts.
Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2016
Non-technical skills (NTS) are gaining increasing prominence within the field of emergency medicine. Situational awareness (SA), one key component of NTS, is a key skill for emergency physicians (EPs) during initial training and throughout their career. Furthermore, the majority of frameworks used to evaluate clinical performance incorporate SA as one key component. This review seeks to define and explore the concept of SA within the context of emergency medicine. We describe SA at an individual, team and departmental level. Development of this ability enables EPs to function effectively within the challenging environment of the emergency department (ED). Enhancing our understanding of SA may develop the cognitive process that underpins our clinical performance. We propose a model for consideration to support evaluation and training of SA within the ED, linking the model to the novice expert continuum.
Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 2015
BackgroundIn prehospital emergency medical services, one of the key factors in the successful delivery of appropriate care is the efficient management and supervision of the area¿s emergency medical services units. Paramedic field supervisors have an important role in this task. One of the key factors in the daily work of paramedic field supervisors is ensuring that they have enough of the right type of information when co-operating with other authorities and making decisions. However, a gap in information sharing still exists especially due to information overload. The aim of this study was to find out what type of critical information paramedic field supervisors need during multi-authority missions in order to manage their emergency medical services area successfully. The study also investigated both the flow of information, and interactions with the paramedic field supervisors and the differences that occur depending on the incident type.MethodsTen paramedic field supervisors fro...