The protective effect of antimalarial drugs on thrombovascular events in systemic lupus erythematosus (original) (raw)
Long term effectiveness of antimalarial drugs in rheumatic diseases
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 1998
Objective-The purpose of this study was to compare the long term eVectiveness between chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Methods-Medical charts of all patients seen by eight rheumatologists practising in two tertiary care centres and starting antimalarial treatment between January 1985 and December 1993 were reviewed. Patient characteristics, disease, and treatment information were collected. The main outcome measures were the cause of and the time to the discontinuation of antimalarial drugs resulting from all causes, principally toxicity or ineYcacy, or both. Bivariate analysis including t tests and 2 tests were used to assess diVerences between means and proportions respectively. Survival curves were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis (Cox regression) was used to adjust for potential confounders. Results-After all medical records were reviewed, 1042 eligible cases were identified. From these, 940 (90%) had usable information and they represent the cohort. Five hundred and fifty eight had rheumatoid arthritis, 178 had systemic lupus erythematosus, 127 had palindromic arthritis, and 77 had other diagnoses. Fifty seven per cent of the patients received CQ and 43% HCQ. The propor-
Journal of Hospital Administration, 2014
Background: In a malaria-holoendemic region, concurrent malaria complicating heart failure (HF) occurs; with higher morbidity and increased adverse drug-drug interactions. Aim: To characterise malaria treatment and risk factors of cardio-toxicity among HF patients. Objectives: To characterise the use of anti-malaria agents (AMA), compare risk factors of torsades de pointes (TdP) amongst AMA-users and non-users, and to assess length of hospital stay. Methods: Admitted HF patients were retrospectively studied, and grouped on the basis of malaria treatment. TdP risk factors-advanced age, bradycardia, hypokalemia, and QTc prolongation were compared in the two groups. Results: The 160 HF patients (mean ejection fraction 39.6% ± 12.6%, mean age 54.9 ± 14.6 years) included 82 males (51.3%), with predominant non-ischemic HF. Malaria treatment occurred in 32.5% (52), though diagnosis was presumptive in 48 (92.3%). All (100%) malaria prescriptions were artemisinin-based, but monotherapeutic in 6 (11.4%). Partner-drugs included sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) 26 (50%), and lumefantrine 7 (13.5%). TdP risk-factors of age 65 years, prolonged QTc, hypokalemia, and bradycardia occurred in 43 (26.9%), 63 (39.4%), 48 (30%), and 8 (5.0%) respectively. Group 1 (AMA treated) and group 2 patients were comparable on all mean values of risk factors. Nevertheless, affected proportions were significantly different for hypokalemia (X 2 = 6.1), QTc prolongation (48.1% versus 35.2%, p < .05), and older age (38.5% versus, 21.3%, p < .05%). Conclusion: Though all HF patients similarly demonstrated risks of TdP, univariate analysis indicates a significantly higher proportion in malaria-treated patients; supporting further therapeutic caution in this patient subset.
Antimalarials may influence the risk of malignancy in systemic lupus erythematosus
Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases, 2007
Background: Recent studies suggest that antimalarials have antineoplastic properties. Objective: To investigate whether antimalarials decrease the risk of cancer in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: An observational prospective cohort study was carried out. 235 patients were included in the study at the time of diagnosis (American College of Rheumatology criteria). The end point was the diagnosis of cancer. Kaplan-Meier cancer-free survival curves for patients treated and not treated with antimalarials were compared. A Cox proportional hazards model was fitted, with cancer as the dependent variable. Age at diagnosis, gender, treatment with azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate, smoking, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) Damage Index 6 months after diagnosis, year of diagnosis and treatment with antimalarials were entered as independent variables. Results: 209 (89%) patients were women. 233 (99%) patients were white. Mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 37 (16) years. Median (range) follow-up was 10 (1-31) years. 156 (66%) patients had ever received antimalarials. 2/156 (1.3%) evertreated patients compared with 11/79 (13%) never-treated patients had cancer (p,0.001). Cumulative cancer-free survival in treated and not treated patients was 0.98 and 0.73, respectively (p,0.001). Adjusted hazard ratio for cancer among malaria drug users compared with non-users was 0.15 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.99).
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2018
Although existing evidence demonstrates the efficacy of antimalarials for rheumatic skin disease, the safety of these medications, and particularly quinacrine, remains debated. We investigated the toxicity risk associated with antimalarials in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. A total of 532 patients (mean age, 52.29 years; sample composition by sex, 85.15% female vs 14.85% male) were selected from 2 databases on cutaneous lupus erythematosus (69.92%) and dermatomyositis (30.08%). Details regarding treatment and toxicities were extracted and 5 treatment courses were defined (ie, hydroxychloroquine [HCQ], chloroquine [CQ], quinacrine [Q], HCQ-Q combination therapy [HCQ-Q], and CQ-Q combination therapy [CQ-Q]). The hazard ratio for each major toxicity was estimated by using the Cox proportional hazard model to compare the different treatments with HCQ. The most common toxicities included cutaneous eruption, gastrointestinal upset, mucocutaneous dyspigmen...
Poster Presentations, 2019
A total of 233 patients were included (87.6% female). 88 (37.8%) patients fulfilled any of the four DORIS remission definitions, while 129 patients were in remission according to their physician's judgement. Of the 88 in DORIS remission, 17 were in complete remission, 20 in clinical remission, 16 in complete remission on treatment (ROT) and 35 in clinical ROT. In most cases the treating physician agreed on their patient being in remission (94.1% for complete remission, 90.0% for clinical remission, 81.3% for complete ROT, 88.6% for clinical ROT). A total of 145 patient were not in any DORIS remission. We observed discordance in the assessment of remission in 58 patients (24.9%), 10/88 being not in remission according to their treating physician despite fulfilling the DORIS remission definition and 48/145 were considered in remission though not in DORIS remission. Reasons for failing DORIS remission in the patients with attested physician's remission were an elevated cSLE-DAI Score (n=22), elevated (n=24) or missing (n=1) physician global assessment, and prednisolone dosage >5 mg (n=9). Conclusion: DORIS remission proved an achievable target in our outpatient clinic. Still we found discordance regarding DORIS remission and the treating physician's judgement with a greater number of patients considered in remission by their physicians. Main reasons were a cSLE-DAI>0 and physician global assessment >0.5. Further analyses are needed to better characterize cases of disagreement and to address the question, if the rather strict DORIS criteria are needed to improve longterm outcome.
Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2012
Objective. To examine the role of ethnicity and the use of anti-malarials (protective) on lupus renal disease.Methods. A nested case-control study (1:2 proportion, n = 265 and 530) within GLADEL's (Grupo Latino Americano De Estudio de Lupus) longitudinal inception cohort was carried out. The end-point was ACR renal criterion development after diagnosis. Cases and controls were matched for follow-up time (end-point or a comparable time, respectively). Renal disease predictors were examined by univariable and multivariable analyses. Additional analyses were done to determine if the protective effect of anti-malarials persisted after adjusting for intake-associated confounders.Results. Of the cases, 233 (87.9%) were women; their mean (s.d.) age at diagnosis was 28.0 (11.9) years and their median (Q3-Q1 interquartile range) follow-up time for cases and controls was 8.3 months (Q3-Q1: 23.5); 56.6% of the cases and 74.3% of the controls were anti-malarial users. Mestizo ethnicity [od...
Lupus, 2013
Objectives: The objective of this paper is to assess the predictors of time-to-lupus renal disease in Latin American patients. Methods: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients (n ¼ 1480) from Grupo Latino Americano De Estudio de Lupus (GLADEL's) longitudinal inception cohort were studied. Endpoint was ACR renal criterion development after SLE diagnosis (prevalent cases excluded). Renal disease predictors were examined by univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Antimalarials were considered time dependent in alternative analyses. Results: Of the entire cohort, 265 patients (17.9%) developed renal disease after entering the cohort. Of them, 88 (33.2%) developed persistent proteinuria, 44 (16.6%) cellular casts and 133 (50.2%) both; 233 patients (87.9%) were women; mean (AE SD) age at diagnosis was 28.0 (11.9) years; 12.2% were African-Latin Americans, 42.5% Mestizos, and 45.3% Caucasians (p ¼ 0.0016). Mestizo ethnicity (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.19-2.17), hypertension (HR 3.99, 95% CI 3.02-5.26) and SLEDAI at diagnosis (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.06) were associated with a shorter time-to-renal disease occurrence; antimalarial use (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.43-0.77), older age at onset (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85-0.95, for every five years) and photosensitivity (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.98) were associated with a longer time. Alternative model results were consistent with the antimalarial protective effect (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.50-0.99). Conclusions: Our data strongly support the fact that Mestizo patients are at increased risk of developing renal disease early while antimalarials seem to delay the appearance of this SLE manifestation. These data have important implications for the treatment of these patients regardless of their geographic location. Lupus (2013) 22, 899-907.
150 Antimalarial agents improve physical functioning in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Abstracts, 2019
Figure 1 Associations between WGCNA CpG network and SLE features. WGCNA was applied to methylation data and associated networks with relevant SLE clinical criteria. Top: Colors in squares represent Pearson correlations between individual phenotypes and module eigengenes with significant associations (FDR<0.05) represented by a black circle. Bottom: Distribution of WGCNA eigengene for the identified network shows hypomethylation in patients with anti-Sm and anti-dsDNA serologies.