Visualization and Decision Support Tools in Urban Planning (original) (raw)
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Environment and Planning B, 2002
Over the last two decades shifting human resources, socioeconomic potentials, and innovations in information technology and communication have all but overthrown the formal order of the planning and management of urban systems. The authors trace the causes to misplaced priorities in urban governance and related issues, via the interface of infrastructure systems and land use. They survey some major theoretical and applied decision-support systems collaborative planning systems, and collaborative decision-support systems which have been advanced to date, indicating their strengths and weaknesses with regard to their ability to anchor public participation and professional collaboration in key planning and management issues. They highlight the fact that, although relevant multivariate, disaggregated, and incoherent small-scale researches do yield high dividends, their lack of cohesive interrelationship is related to the fragmentation of urban systemsödespite various attempts at bringing about sustainable development. They suggest that decisionmaking can be effective when all aspects involved are visually related and collectively executed. They conclude by emphasizing that a comprehensive approach needs to be adopted for the planning and management of urban centers in order to enhance systems performance, human interaction, and contained developments.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNCS, ), International Conference on Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions DAPI 2016: Distributed, Ambient and Pervasive Interactions , 2016
Existing technologies for transportation planning, urban design, and decision-making have not kept pace with rapid urbanization. Visualization and analysis tools can help by combining qualitative, quantitative, and historical urban data – helping experts understand the system of systems of the modern city. Incorporating insights from experts in several relevant fields, we have derived a performance specification for visualization tools supporting general transportation planning problems . We examine two existing technologies against the specification – Betaville and StoryFacets – and recommend adapting them as first-generation urban system analysis/planning support tools. We also suggest guidelines for the next generation of tools for transportation planning.
Visualising the city: communicating urban design to planners and decision-makers
2000
Abstract There are now a wide array of new digital tools that are able to support the generic activity of planning and design. In urban design, these tools support different stages of the planning process which involve rapid and effective storage and retrieval of information, various kinds of visualization which inform survey and analysis as well as design itself, and different strategies for communicating information and plans to various publics from design professionals to the affected community.
Visualization in ViSuCity, a tool for sustainable city planning
This paper gives an overview of several aspects of visualization for city planning as they were used in the project ViSuCity. The overall objective of ViSuCity is to develop an effective web-based, interactive visualization demonstrator, ViSuCity, to support sustainable city planning in terms of information sharing, analysis, development, presentation and communication of ideas and proposals throughout the city planning processes. In this paper, we discuss and show some results regarding LOD, scalability, streaming, and examples of visualization of roads, etc that are important for city planning.
Visualizing the city: communicating urban design to planners and decision-makers
There are now a wide array of new digital tools that are able to support the generic activity of planning and design. In urban design, these tools support different stages of the planning process which involve rapid and effective storage and retrieval of information, various kinds of visualization which inform survey and analysis as well as design itself, and different strategies for communicating information and plans to various publics from design professionals to the affected community. In this paper, we begin by noting the activities that such digital tools can support, emphasizing methods of visualization, and specifically focusing on integrated 2d mapping and 3d block modeling. We then review the state-of-the-art, worldwide, suggesting that there are rapid changes taking place in how such visualizations are being developed. We note developments in remotely sensed survey and in the development of 3d models integral to spatial databases as reflected in geographic information systems (GIS) in contrast to computer-aided design (CAD). We illustrate these ideas with respect to developments in world cities, specifically London, where we review initial attempts at the design of virtual cities. We then show two related but different ways of constructing such models: first in ad hoc fashion by linking various proprietary software based on internet GIS, rapid photorealistic CAD, and panoramic imaging; and second through a tighter coupling between 2d and 3d GIS which is highly suited to the new digital data from remote sources such as LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging). We conclude with a discussion of different ways in which these visualizations might be automated and delivered to users, in stand-alone manner or over the net.
Visualizing urban development: improved planning & communication with 3D interactive visualizations
2016
Unfortunately, many landscape architects, urban designers, and city planners currently re-frame from using such gaming technology capable of creating 3D interactive visualizations (Deane, 2015a). Many firms use verbal descriptions with images. This method is insufficient for facilitating feedback (Bratteteig & Wagner, 2010; Gordon, et al, 2010; Stakeholder Engagement, 2009; Zhang, 2004). According to Lange and Bishop (2005) there is no reason why real-time visualizations should not be used in urban design. Design fields will be moving toward procedural modeling software that is code-based to quickly model urban development (Flachbart & Weibel, 2005). However, this type of software, i.e., ESRI CityEngine, is only being used by approximately 10% of firms (Deane, 2015a). This paper is one of the first to analyze how ESRI CityEngine can be used and improved to support the workflow of landscape architects, urban designers, and planners for urban development projects. The project explored ESRI CityEngine's procedural modeling and metric capabilities, and how it could be used to visualize a proposed Urban Core Residential District in Manhattan, Kansas. This process involved Visualizing Urban Development: Improved Planning & Communication with 3D Interactive Visualizations
Visualisation Support for Exploring Urban Space and Place
ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2012
Urban research is fundamentally underpinned by heterogeneous, highly varied data. The availability and quantity of digital data sources is increasing rapidly. In order to facilitate decision-making and support processes related to urban policy and management, such data has to be readily analysed, synthesised and the results readily communicated to support evidence based decision-making. In this paper, we consider the current state of play of visualisation as it supports urban research. In doing so we firstly consider visualisation environments such as geographical information systems (GIS) and Cartography tools, digital globes, virtual simulation environments, building information models and gaming platforms. Secondly, we consider a number of visualisation techniques with a focusing on GIS and Cartography tools including space time cubes, heat maps, choropleth maps, flow maps and brushing. This review of visualisation environments and techniques is undertaken in the context of the Australian Urban Research Infrastructure Network project (www.aurin.org.au). AURIN is tasked with developing a portal and associated e-Infrastructure, which provides seamless access to federated data, modelling and visualisation tools to support the urban researcher community in Australia. We conclude by outlining future research and development opportunities in developing the AURIN visualisation toolkit by reflecting on the value of visualisation as a data exploration and communication tool for researchers and decision-makers to assist with the study and management of the urban fabric.
Visualization Data Needs in Urban Environmental Planning and Design
1999
Photogrammetry has an important enabling role to play in making visualization technology practical and cost effective. This paper focuses on visualization techniques that satisfy the practical requirements of a series of urban environmental planning and design case studies done at the Centre for Landscape Research (CLR). It will illustrate some of the more important data characteristics that help to make visualization effective in practice. The paper will conclude with an outline of research topics that we would like to see the field of photogrammetry address. If these new tools can be made, we believe their introduction will accelerate the use of photo-textured visualization in planning and design practice 1. AN EVOLUTION OF PLANNING PRACTICE Virtual reality and three-dimensional visualization are on the verge of changing the practice of urban environmental planning and design. Instead of presenting citizens with abstract maps and descriptive text to e xplain, analyze and debate de...
Re-densification of inner-city areas is a highly topical socio-political issue. In order to meet the increasing demand for centrally located living space, the cities have to amend building laws. At present, there are no analytical means of directly comparing and assessing different strategies and measures aimed at identifying the potential for internal development in specific urban quarters and learning about the consequences for the citizens. In this publication, we describe an interactive digital tool that monitors the key building codes and visualizes their effects on the urban structure in real-time, so that this can serve as an informed basis for debate and argumentation in the political decision-making and planning process, consequently supporting the development of re-densification strategies that are well-suited to their urban context.
Enhancing urban sustainability through novel visualisation
… Whole Life Urban …, 2009
Sustainable decision making in Urban Design is a complex and non-linear process that requires the interaction of a wide variety of stakeholders. The engagement of a range of stakeholders throughout the decision making process presents challenges including the need to communicate the complex and interdependent facets of sustainability and the need to demonstrate the short and long term implications of alternative courses of action. This paper presents the results of an initial application of a prototype simulation and visualisation tool (S-City VT) that was developed to enable all stakeholders, regardless of background or experience, to understand, interact with and influence decisions made on the sustainability of urban design. S-City VT takes the unique approach of combining computer game technology with computer modelling to present stakeholders with an interactive virtual development. The paper uses the Dundee Central Waterfront Development Project as a case study to evaluate the potential for the application of the tool and explains how parallel research work on the implementation of a sustainability enhancement framework for the Central Waterfront Development has informed the choice of sustainability indictors and identified the key stakeholders in the decision making processes. The paper shows how stakeholders can be presented with the outputs from the model using a 3D visualisation of the development and thus enables judgements to be made on the relative sustainability of aspects of the development. The visualisation tool employs a number of different methods of displaying the sustainability results to the stakeholders. These methods can show data in varying levels of complexity, depending on the expertise of the stakeholder, empowering all stakeholders by illustrating possible interactions between indicator values and sustainability and by showing how different stakeholder perceptions of the importance of the indicators can influence the sustainability assessment. Initial tests on the effectiveness of the different visualisation methods in displaying the model output to communicate the sustainability of the Development are described. The results of the tests and presented and discussed and conclusions are drawn on the further development and application of the tool to model and visualise through time the possible results of decisions made at different stages of the project. CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk