Review of Andrew Higson, Eva Norup Redvall and Ib Bondebjerg (Eds.) European Cinema and Television: Cultural Policy and Everyday Life London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015, 256 p.Publ recension.pdf (original) (raw)

The Lisbon International Congress of the Press: the dawn of professional journalism

Estudos Ibero-Americanos

This is a study of cultural history that intends to analyse the importance of the international gatherings for the history of the press and journalism. The congresses and their theoretical work provided an important contribution to the exposure and the deepening of those issues that, in the Lisbon Congress, led to the approval of a directive by which each national association should promote journalism within higher education. Centred in this event demonstrates how, without losing completely the sense of mission, journalism became a regulated profession and the journalist a professional with rights and duties inherent in that condition. In connection, the beginnings of the press as mega-industry and the position of the journalist as an employee in the cultural and political global context, with all the class associations, the alliances and social cleavages that this growth caused along the 20th century were patent in the debate occurred in Lisbon, substantiating it in a particularly ...

Arntsen, Hilde, 2003: Invited plenary comment to keynote speaker Stefan Jonsson: “Konsten mot journalistiken: Massmedier och identitet i globaliseringens tid”, Plenary session, Nordic media research conference, Kristiansand, 16 Aug 2003. Nordicom Information, 2, 2004, and Nordicom Review, 1-2, 2004, pp. 69-73.

The Rocky Road towards Professional Autonomy: The Estonian Journalists’ Organization in the Political Turmoil of the 20th Century

Media and Communication

This article attempts to explain the relationships between journalists, politics and the state from the perspective of collective autonomy, that of the professional organization of journalists. The case of Estonian Journalists’ Union demonstrates the complexity and historical contingency of professional autonomy of journalism. The development of the Estonian journalists’ organization occurred as a sequence of transformations from the Estonian Journalists’ Association to the Estonian Journalists’ Union to the Soviet type journalists’ union, and lastly to an independent trade union. This sequence was disrupted by several fatal breakdowns that changed not only the character of the association, but also professional values, the whole occupational ideology and the conditions of the existence of journalism as a profession in Estonia.

Towards the liberal model: The Professional Ideals of Swedish Journalists

Despite the current insecurity within the journalistic profession, there is still some common ground uniting news workers: A shared perception of the role of journalism in Western societies – a social agreement between journalists, media owners and audiences as to what good journalism is. Research has shown that this role rests heavily upon notions of journalists as watchdogs of democracy, and sometimes as pedagogues and interpreters of complex events. However, this role is not static in any sense; it changes along with the news industry and surrounding society. The question is, how? This article answers this question by examining the case of Swedish journalists. Empirical support is drawn from the Swedish Journalist Survey, which has been conducted five times between 1989 and 2011, thus providing a unique possibility to follow changes to a journalistic body over time. The results indicate the far-reaching adaptability of Swedish journalists to new conditions; a liberalization of ideals, such that ideals of objectivity and neutrality are strengthening at a rather quick pace. However, the result also show how they to close ranks behind the watchdog ideal, which could be seen as an act of resistance.

reconsidered What is journalism? : Professional identity and ideology of journalists

2012

The history of journalism in elective democracies around the world has been described as the emergence of a professional identity of journalists with claims to an exclusive role and status in society, based on and at times fiercely defended by their occupational ideology. Although the conceptualization of journalism as a professional ideology can be traced throughout the literature on journalism studies, scholars tend to take the building blocks of such an ideology more or less for granted. In this article the ideal-typical values of journalism’s ideology are operationalized and investigated in terms of how these values are challenged or changed in the context of current cultural and technological developments. It is argued that multiculturalism and multimedia are similar and poignant examples of such developments. If the professional identity of journalists can be seen as kept together by the social cement of an occupational ideology of journalism, the analysis in this article show...

How to Study the History of Journalism? Critical Reflection on the Directions of the History of Journalism

Medijska Istraživanja, 2008

In Western Europe and the USA, as in Slovenia, there is little interest in the history of journalism (education and research) by students and scholars. On the other hand, there is a huge interest in (mis)use of the history of journalism (political practice) by some politicians and journalists. This article critically reflects the traditional perspectives of the history of journalism. The study shows that despite major shifts towards a social and cultural perspective of journalism that address the links and interactions among structural conditions in contemporary societies, and despite modest reforms in journalism education and the rise of criticism in this field, the majority of journalism historians still continue their preoccupation with ahistorical and uncritical practice.

What do we talk about when we talk about the academisation of journalism?

Journalistica - Tidsskrift for forskning i journalistik

Well over a hundred years after the first journalism programmes were established at university level, the so-called academisation of journalism education is still subject to dispute. However, academisation is not one thing but many, and this article is an attempt to distinguish between several features making up the academisation of journalism. The approach is historical, primarily based on documentation from the history of Norway’s journalism education, as an understanding of when and how various traits of academisation that today seem to constitute one whole were introduced, can help us distinguish between the different forms. I distinguish between academisation from ‘above’ and academisation from ‘within’, and identify two kinds of academisation from above and six kinds of academisation from within. This is leading to a typology of eight different types of academisation of journalism.