Late Pleistocene, Holocene, and Recent ostracods from the Gulf of Argos, Greece (original) (raw)
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Micropaleontology
The purpose of this study is to collect micropalaeontological evidence concerning the palaeoenvironmental changes that took place at Southern Evoikos Gulf during the Holocene. Southern Evoikos Gulf is a shallow epicontinental basin, at the northern prolongation of the Cycladic Platform (Western Aegean Sea, Greece). The study area of the present research is located at the northern part of this gulf. Two cores,DEH 1 andDEH 5, the sedimentary record of which covers the last 13910 cal. yr B.P., were recovered from 70m and 75.5mwater depth respectively and a detailed quantitative and qualitative ostracod analysis is performed in 88 samples of DEH 5 and 56 samples ofDEH1.Atotal of 45 ostracod specieswere identified fromDEH1 and 52 species fromDEH5. The distribution of ostracod assemblages in the investigated cores indicates that a restricted shallow oligohaline lagoon was formed sometime before 13540 cal yr BPat the northern basin of the Southern Evoikos Gulf. This closed lagoon existed i...
A rich Ostracod fauna from Cape Kalogeras (Zakynthos island, Greece)
2016
Micropalaeontological analysis from Cape Kalogeras section revealed 63 ostracod species, belonging to 35 genera. 20 of the species are mentioned for the first time in the Pleistocene of Zakynthos Island. All the identified species were recorded and their taxonomic classification is presented here in and selected species are illustrated. Two distinct assemblages were recognised designating a mixed character for the ostracod fauna: a) a deep water assemblage with species characteristic of the circalittoral and upper bathyal zone, which constitute about 20% of the total ostracod fauna and b) a shallower water assemblage (<50m depth) with species common in the infralittoral zone. Species of the second assemblage represent the largest part of the total ostracod fauna The synthesis of the ostracod populations, along with their age structure and the absence of complete carapaces, suggest that the above mentioned marine assemblages underwent a small transportation, forming the studied th...
International Review of Hydrobiology, 2012
The present study provides a thorough analysis of the composition of recent marine ostracod populations from the bottom sediments of the central Aegean Sea, as well as their distribution patterns. In particular, a detailed qualitative and quantitative study of living ostracod assemblages was carried out in the marine environments of SE Andros Island. Sampling took place at Kastro and Korthi Gulf, both located at the southeastern coast of the Andros Island and from depth of 1.5 to 18 m, while additional samples were collected outside the gulfs at a depth of 120-180 m. Only ostracods considered to have been living at the time of collection were picked from the samples. A total of 51 species belonging to 34 genera were identified and four main ostracod assemblages, representing different biotopes, were distinguished. The results produced from the application of Q-mode cluster analysis in the data set, the calculated assemblage structure indices for each sample, as well as the bathymetric and granulometric data are as follows: Hiltermannicythere rubra assemblage (occurs in substrates of sandy mud and at a water depth ranging from 40-60 m to the depth of 100 m or even more), Loxoconcha affinis, Xestoleberis sexmaculata assemblage (occurs in substrates of muddy very fine to fine sands and shallower environments), Semicytherura incogruens assemblage (occurs in very fine sands at a water depth from 10 to 28 m), Loculicytheretta pavonia and Neocytherideis fasciata, Pontocythere turbita assemblages (occurs mainly in fine sands and at a water depth between 3.5 and 15 m) and Urocythereis neapolitana assemblage (occurs in substrates of medium to coarse sand and at a water depth of less than 20 m).
Revue de Micropaléontologie, 2008
Ostracods from ten Late Miocene coral reef complexes built by Siderastrea, Tarbellastrea and Porites, cropping out in the Messara Plain (southern Iraklion basin, central Crete), have been investigated and five assemblages have been recognised, which point to different marine environments: (1) assemblage from the basal sandy silts, dominated by very shallow inner-infralittoral species, such as Cyamocytheridea meniscus, Cyamocytheridea obstipa, Cyamocytheridea dertonensis, Cytheretta semiornata and Nonurocythereis seminulum; (2) assemblage from the coral reef complexes within which Grinioneis haidingeri, Aurila cicatricosa, Cimbaurila diecii, Tenedocythere cruciata, Pokornyella italica and Callistocythere quadrangula are dominant and point to a stable inner-infralittoral environment characterised by warm, quiet and well-oxygenated waters; (3) assemblage from the silts intercalated among the coral reef complexes, mainly characterised by Neomonoceratina laskarevi, Cytheridea acuminata, Phlyctenophora farkasi and Aurila albicans together with Callistocythere spp., Xestoleberis communis and Xestoleberis dispar, which points to a very shallow marine environment rich in aquatic vegetation; (4) assemblage from the upper silts, which records the absolute dominance of Xestoleberis species, reflecting a very shallow and highly-vegetated environment and (5) assemblage from the uppermost silty clays, dominated by Hemicytherura defiorei, Xestoleberis spp. and Palmoconcha dertobrevis, accompanied by Acanthocythereis hystrix, Cytherella scutulum, Bairdoppilata conformis, Semicytherura spp., Krithe sp., Cytheropteron alatum, Bythocypris sp. and Pseudocythere caudata, which suggest deeper marine environments probably located in the outer infralittoral/inner-circalittoral zones. The studied section has been dated by means of calcareous nannoplankton to be not younger than Zone MNN9 (Early Tortonian), which is the biostratigraphical datum recorded in the fine-grained deposits that overlie the coral reef complexes. An age not older than Tortonian can be inferred by the stratigraphical distribution of the recognized ostracods. Thus, the coral reef complexes have been tentatively referred to the Early Tortonian.
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2017
A marine geoarcheological survey was conducted at the southwestern end of the Argosaronic gulf in Greece, an area of archaeological importance. The survey was initiated by the discovery of a Late Bronze Age (LBA) shipwreck off Modi Islet. The survey which employed echo-sounding, sub-bottom profiling, side scan sonar systems and sediment coring extended to the area between Poros Island, Modi Islet and Argolid peninsula, aiming to evaluate the changes of the coastal zone extent in the past. The evolution of the palaeo-shoreline over the last 20 ka is proposed based on the interpretation of the acquired bathymetric and seismic records, the estimation of the thickness of the marine sediments and the examination of existing datasets of the relative sea level changes in the area. The produced scenarios suggest that major changes marked the extent of the coastal zone since the Paleolithics. During the Upper Paleolithic period, the coast was larger by at least 11 km 2 and Poros and Modi islands were connected to the Peloponnesus. The sea level rise during the Mesolithic period formed a well-protected bay between Poros Island and Peloponessus and disconnected the Modi Islet from Poros Island. The coastal zone reached the present configuration around Late Bronze Age. The detection and mapping of scarps on the seismic profiles imply that the sea level rise presented standstills at least from the Last Glacial maximum until the onset of Holocene. However, the submerged coasts could be potential areas of archaeological interest since the examined area is habited continuously from the Paleolithic period. The acoustic data sets produced high resolution geomorphological maps at the wreck site which constitute data base for the monitoring of the site. In addition, the examination of the seafloor texture at the wreck site suggests that the seafloor characteristics were unfavorable for the preservation of the shipwreck.
CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Oligocene and Early Miocene sedimentary successions are studied in the Mesohellenic Basin of northwestern Greece. Two sections covering the base and the top of the basin infill were measured in detail in the northern part of the basin. They mainly consist of fine grained siliciclastic sediments and minor carbonates with few intercalated highly fossiliferous horizons. Five different palaeoenvironments are recognised in the Oligocene deposits of the Mesolouri/Doutsiko section: (I) coral reef and inter-reef, (2) fore-reef, (3) basinal settings with faunal mixing, (4) basinal deep-water, and (5) shallow marine/sublittoral environments. The fauna is dominated by molluscs and smaller foraminifers, corals and larger foraminifers are locally abundant. Echinoids and calcareous red algae are infrequent. A large reef structure ("Petra Reef') situated directly on top of the ophiolithic basement with a highly diverse Early Oligocene coral assemblage occurs at the very base of the Mesolouri/Doutsiko section. Well preserved and diverse gastropod and bivalve associations as well as smaller benthic foraminifera are used for palaeoecological reconstructions. The mixed occurrence of shallow water organisms and foraminifers which are generally regarded as deep-water forms, in the basal part of the Mesolouri section, is discussed. The molluscs mainly occurred in deeper sublittoral and in shallow sub littoral to littoral palaeoenvironments where they are partly associated with corals. A widely distributed Acropora-Iayer represents one of the first known coral assemblages dominated by Acropora in the Cenozoic.
Δελτίον Της Ελληνικής Γεωλογικής Εταιρίας, 2010
Planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy is carried out in an Early Tortonian tectonically active setting, located in the Pre-Apulian Foreland Basin in Levkas Island. The studied section (Manassi section) is composed of hemipelagic silty clays and turbidite sandstones, reflecting sedimentation as a result of thrust activity. The distributional pattern of biostratigraphical significant species suggests that the Manassi section has been deposited during the time interval that Globigerinoides obliquus occurs regularly, the neogloboquadriniids are present in low percentages and Paragloborotalia siakensis is continuously present. The correlation with astronomical tuned sections allowed dating the studied section as ranging between 11.54Ma to 11.2Ma, having a lower Tortonian age, above the Serravallian/Tortonian boundary (Paragloborotalia siakensis planktonic foraminiferal zone). On the basis of the obtained palaeoclimatic curve, a series of palaeoclimatic events are recognized. The faunal composition suggests a cooling trend in the lower part which has been correlated with the Mi5 event. This cooling is followed by a warm-temperate phase, punctuated by several negative peaks in the palaeoclimatic curve. The palaeoclimatic evolution of the study area generally corresponds to the global palaeoclimatic trend with some subtle differences, supporting that the regional climate of this area was not merely controlled by global changes in climate.
Fish otoliths are herein used to estimate the depositional depth of the Early – Middle Pleistocene deposits at SE Zakynthos and SW Kephallonia Islands (Ionian Sea, Western Greece), through comparison with the modern bathymetric distributions of the determined fish taxa. These estimates provide a more detailed picture of the depth variations for the Gelasian – Ionian stage interval in the study areas. The Gerakas Formation’s Early Pleistocene marine deposits (SE Zakynthos Island, Ionian Sea) were deposited at average depths of 400-450 meters, with eustacy playing an important role in the depth variability, between 1.95 – 1.73 Ma. An uplifting episode, followed by subsidence takes place between 1.73 – 1.66 Ma, taking the area to 200-300 meters of depth, and then back to 400-500 meters. However, the area seems uplifted again to 200-400 meters later on in the Calabrian stage (1.25 – 0.97 Ma). Sedimentation of the Akrotiri deposits (NW Kephallonia Island, Ionian Sea), during the same chronostratigraphic interval, took place in a similar setting. At the Early Pleistocene (1.95 – 1.73 Ma) this basin reached depths of 400-450 meters, with uplift and following subsidence taking place between 1.73 – 1.66 Ma. Overall, the application of fish otolith paleobathymetry in the study areas provide a detailed picture of the depth variations for the Early Quaternary interval and refine the currently hypothesized pattern of tectonic movements.
Geobios, 2007
In the Crete Island, late Messinian Lago-Mare facies are not well known. At present, the occurrence in Crete of the uppermost Messinian post evaporitic deposits is a matter of debate. According to several authors, the well-known late Messinian Lago-Mare facies does not occur in Crete. In this paper the preliminary results obtained from the biostratigraphical analysis of some sections sampled in the Messarà Plain will be shown. Nearby Faneromeni and Ano Akria villages, the Miocene/Pliocene boundary is well exposed. There, gypsum-bearing clay, laminated microcrystalline gypsum and gypsum-rudites characterize the evaporitic deposits of the Messinian stage. In these areas, above the Messinian evaporite, post-evaporitic fine-laminated polychrome clays, with intercalations of sandstones and conglomerates, have been found. In both the Faneromeni and Ano Akria area, the Pliocene grey clays and conglomerates rest unconformably on the uppermost Messinian post-evaporitic deposits. A 20 cm-spaced sampling has been performed in both the sections, for more than 100 samples collected. The results of the micropaleontological analysis performed on the Faneromeni and Ano Akria sections point to the occurrence of ostracod assemblages containing: Loxocauda limata (Schneider in Agalarova et al.), Loxocauda sp., Cytherura pyrama Schneider, Cyprideis anlavauxensis Carbonnel, Cyprideis agrigentina Decima, Amnicythere palimpsesta (Livental), Amnicythere propinqua (Livental), Amnicythere accicularia (Olteanu), Amnicythere costata (Olteanu), Amnicythere multituberculata (Livental), Amnicythere sp. D (Miculan in Bassetti et al.), Amnicythere sp. 2 Gliozzi and Grossi, Amnicythere sp., Euxinocythere (Maeotocythere) praebaquana (Livental in Agalarova et al.), Mediocytherideini indet., Pontoniella pontica (Agalarova), Camptocypria sp. 1 Gliozzi and Grossi, Caspiocypris sp., Zalanyiella venusta (Zalanyi), Tyrrhenocythere sp., Loxoconcha rhombovalis Pokorny, Loxoconcha eichwaldi Livental, Loxoconcha sp. A (Miculan in Bassetti et al.), Loxocorniculina djafarovi (Schneider in Suzin). In the analysed samples, reworked planktonic foraminifers and well-preserved charophyte gyrogonites have been also found. The ostracod assemblages found in the Messarà Plain belong to the Loxocorniculina djafarovi Zone (sensu Carbonnel, 1978), which characterizes the uppermost Messinian deposits of the whole Mediterranean Basin. At that time, the well-known Lago-Mare biofacies was also widespread on the Crete Island. The presence of Paratethyan ostracods in the post-evaporitic Messinian deposits of both Faneromeni and Ano Akria sections suggests that in the Crete Island the latest Messinian sedimentation took place in brackish water palaeoenvironments. # 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.