The Evolution of Spine Surgery in Greece in the Second Half of the 20th Century (original) (raw)

A Review of the History of Spine Surgery in Greece until the Middle of the 20th Century

Spine Surgery began its evolution in the beginning of the 19th century in order to reach nowadays the point of being considered an important subspecialty of Neurosurgery and Orthopaedics. The purpose of this historical review is the search and evaluation of the progress in spine surgery until the middle of the 20th century. This review concerns the inauguration and evolution of this field in Greece. Special references are made to the first achievements of this field, to the pioneers physicians and surgeons (general surgeons, orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons) who inaugurated this subspecialty and to clinical and scientific work of that era. Eventually, the progress of medicine and technology who led to the first achievements of this subspecialty are shown and also the difficulties (both social and scientific) that the pioneers of this field faced are demonstrated. In Greece, with small exceptions, the new techniques emerged with a certain delay.

History of Spinal Neurosurgery and Spine Societies Essay Corresponding Author

Neurospine journal, 2020

Spine surgery historically has been a neglected part of neurosurgery. The contribution of orthopedic spine surgeons towards many fundamental disorders and surgical techniques is a substantial part of spine surgery. This includes spinal fixation, trauma, and deformity correction. Neurosurgeons' contributions to spine surgery are significant in microsurgery, minimally invasive surgery, cervical approaches, and fixation techniques. The recent trend is to use the term "Neurospine," and journals and societies with this name increase. This study outlines spinal neurosurgery's current condition in different countries, especially national and international societies. A brief history of spinal neurosurgery is described.

Historical overview of spinal deformities in ancient Greece.(Review)

Scoliosis, 2009

Little is known about the history of spinal deformities in ancient Greece. The present study summarizes what we know today for diagnosis and management of spinal deformities in ancient Greece, mainly from the medical treatises of Hippocrates and Galen. Hippocrates, through accurate observation and logical reasoning was led to accurate conclusions firstly for the structure of the spine and secondly for its diseases. He introduced the terms kyphosis and scoliosis and wrote in depth about diagnosis and treatment of kyphosis and less about scoliosis. The innovation of the board, the application of axial traction and even the principle of trans-abdominal correction for correction of spinal deformities have their origin in Hippocrates. Galen, who lived nearly five centuries later impressively described scoliosis, lordosis and kyphosis, provided aetiologic implications and used the same principles with Hippocrates for their management, while his studies influenced medical practice on spinal deformities for more than 1500 years.

Historical overview of spinal deformities in ancient Greece

2009

Little is known about the history of spinal deformities in ancient Greece. The present study summarizes what we know today for diagnosis and management of spinal deformities in ancient Greece, mainly from the medical treatises of Hippocrates and Galen. Hippocrates, through accurate observation and logical reasoning was led to accurate conclusions firstly for the structure of the spine and secondly for its diseases. He introduced the terms kyphosis and scoliosis and wrote in depth about diagnosis and treatment of kyphosis and less about scoliosis. The innovation of the board, the application of axial traction and even the principle of trans-abdominal correction for correction of spinal deformities have their origin in Hippocrates. Galen, who lived nearly five centuries later impressively described scoliosis, lordosis and kyphosis, provided aetiologic implications and used the same principles with Hippocrates for their management, while his studies influenced medical practice on spinal deformities for more than 1500 years.

History of spine deformity in turkey

Turkish Neurosurgery, 2016

Zahrawi's book on surgery written in Arabic. Other than these, as in the rest of the world, no treatment for scoliosis worth mentioning can be found in our civilisation at that time. Indeed, it is known that in the 16 th century, Suleiman the Magnificent's son Prince Cihangir (1531-1553) had a spine deformity which could not be treated. Although the first modern school of medicine in the Ottoman Empire was founded 14 March 1827, contemporary western surgical approaches were only able to develop by the late 19 th century. The first laminectomy in our country was performed in the late 19 th century, but no procedures were attempted to treat scoliosis. The Ankara, Istanbul and Ege Universities played a pioneering role in scoliosis cases. It is likely that conservative procedures were performed to manage scoliosis at the Baltalimanı Bone and Joint Hospital founded in 1944 and the Eğirdir Bone and Joint Hospital founded in 1952. █ CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT The first treatment approaches with respect to scoliosis were in the form of exercises, physical therapy and casting. █ INTRODUCTION S pine deformities are among the major pathologies that affect human health. Although the contemporary treatment method for this disease started to take shape in the 20 th century, knowledge on the subject has a long past in which Anatolian physicians play a prominent role. We come across Hippocrates of Kos (460-370 BC) as the first physician to treat spine deformities. In his work, "On the Nature of Bones", Hippocrates defined spinal anatomy and spine deformities, describing treatment by axial traction and direct pressure on the deformity (54,64). Galen of Pergamum (129-201 AD), the Roman physician, gathered spinal deformity under four main headings, namely kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis and spinal joint mobility without deformity (65). He also described the spine and the spinal nerves in further detail. It is understood from his famous work "Cerrahiyetü'l Haniyye" (Imperial Surgery) written in the late 15 th century that Ottoman physician Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu applied cauterisation for lumbar pain (68). In fact, this work is an illustrated translation into the Ottoman language of Andalusian physician Al Spine deformities are among the most important spinal disorders, affecting health-related life quality. Although there are some studies in past centuries, most spine deformity-related studies and research has started in the last century. Many surgical techniques, performed between 1960 and 1990, made scoliosis a touchable pathology. These techniques started with Harrington's system, wiring techniques, pedicle screw techniques, and all other universal techniques. Anterior and 360 degree techniques contributed to this process. The use of spinal osteotomies, and recent technologies such as magnetic rods, intraoperative neuromonitoring added much to the body of knowledge of literature and improved the outcome. Advancement has not been limited to surgery only and diagnostic advancements had also impact to this process. Surgical techniques performed in the west have been performed soon in our countries. Currently almost all surgical techniques for treatment of spine deformities can be performed in our country. This article reviews historical aspects related to the diagnosis and treatment of spine deformities in Turkey.

History of surgery for the correction of spinal deformity

Neurosurgical FOCUS, 2003

During the last century the technological advances in the field of spinal surgery had a dramatic impact on the treatment of spinal deformity in children and adults. Before the advent of medications and vaccines to treat and/or prevent tuberculosis and poliomyelitis, patients suffering from these disorders often became incapacitated by the resulting kyphoscoliosis. In the early 1900s Lange began to address this problem mechanically by using foreign materials to stabilize the spine internally. In the 1950s and 1960s, owing to the efforts of Harrington and others, the process evolved to create the first generation of modern spinal instrumentation. The Harrington rod was able to correct a spinal deformity primarily through distraction. In the next wave of advances, some of the shortcomings of Harrington rods were addressed. Segmental fixation involving sublaminar wires was introduced in the 1970s by Luque. Anterior approaches and instrumentation-related techniques developed by Zielke an...

Spine Surgery in Turkey

Spinal Surgery, 2010

aims to describe the historical development of the spine surgery in Turkey and will give a general overview of the current state.