DISCUSSION PAPER: DEVELOPING A RESILIENT BUILT ENVIRONMENT: POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION AS A WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY (original) (raw)
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Editorial: Built Environment Perspectives on Post-Disaster Reconstruction
2013
It is with great pleasure that we would like to introduce this special issue of IJAR, a compilation of cutting-edge research that covers many of the key themes relevant to built environment researchers in disaster-related areas. This knowledge area is by its very nature absolutely multidisciplinary and for this reason it is difficult to quantify built environment impacts, drivers and outcomes in isolation and disaggregate them from non-built environment factors.
Built Environment Perspectives on Post-Disaster Reconstruction
2013
Overview It is with great pleasure that we would like to introduce this special issue of IJAR, a compilation of cutting-edge research that covers many of the key themes relevant to built environment researchers in disaster-related areas. This knowledge area is by its very nature absolutely multidisciplinary and for this reason it is difficult to quantify built environment impacts, drivers and outcomes in isolation and disaggregate them from non-built environment factors. However, regardless of certain limitations to research carried out from a built environment perspective, as would be the case from any specific disciplinary perspective, a significant body of work has emerged and is constantly growing and evolving in parallel with the research agenda. Built environment researchers around the globe are now, more than ever, exploring various problems that threaten humanity in the way of dire vulnerability and more frequent and powerful hazards. This collection of papers will look spec...
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2023
Life safety has been a primary design requirement in codes and standards for the built environment. However, over the past several years, better building performance goals that consider acceptable recovery times and continued functionality following major disasters have been advocated. Functional recovery, a new design philosophy that establishes holistic performance goals, and focuses on the robustness of structures, enhanced safety, and, specifically, fast return to operation post-disaster, has been introduced in earthquake engineering to govern future building designs. This article utilised the systematic review procedures as a tool to provide a state-of-the-art review of functional recovery research within the built environment. A critical review of 78 publications was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The evolution of paradigm shifts from seismic resilience to functional recovery in earthquake engineering research has been discussed in detail. Two frameworks, namely the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) P-58 and Arup's Resilience-Based Earthquake Design Initiative (REDi), have been recognised as the most commonly utilised frameworks for modelling the functional recovery of buildings post-earthquake due to their effectiveness and widespread adoption. However, it is essential to acknowledge that recently developed frameworks, such as the F-Rec framework, ATC-138, and TREADS, which explicitly formulate functional recovery calculation procedures, have the potential to replace FEMA P-58 and REDi and advance functional recovery research in the future. Moreover, aligned with modular-based characteristics of existing frameworks, indicators required in functional recovery analysis have been extracted and classified into four distinct categories: 1) hazard analysis, 2) structural response analysis, 3) damage analysis, and 4) recovery analysis. This categorisation enables a comprehensive and systematic approach to understanding the multifaceted aspects of functional recovery in a structured manner. Detailed investigation of frameworks and indicators offers insights for future research exploration. These include (a) expanding the fragility library of components to permit more widespread recovery analysis, (b) comparing, validating and optimising existing frameworks and models, (c) enhancing the modelling of interdependencies between the building and its adjacent buildings and services, (d) improving the capability for uncertainty analysis, and (e) acquiring empirical data to enable predictability of the existing frameworks and models for functional recovery.
2013
This report has benefitted from a number of individuals and sources. Two workshops were held by NIST in 2011 to discuss research needs for developing more resilient buildings and infrastructure systems, which provided a valuable source of data and ideas. Chris Poland and Steve Cauffman, Co-Chairs of both workshops, provided invaluable assistance in organizing the topics, scope, and technical experts. The American National Standards Institute's Homeland Security Standards Panel (ANSI-HSSP) coordinated the arrangements for the two events and provided valuable support. The following individuals provided insightful views on the state of resilience at the workshops:
KnE Social Sciences, 2019
The paper presents the ongoing results of a design research carried out at the School ofArchitectureandDesign” EduardoVittoria”of Ascoli Piceno(SAAD)of the university of Camerino. Thespecificobjectiveoftheresearchistodevelopaninnovativeandreplicabledesign methodology, and to experiment new design strategies devoted to the sustainable, compatible and innovative-construction after natural disasters in rural areas and low-density urban systems. The research is based on a “local-to-global” approach: it refers to Italy as a case study but it aims to achieve general results applicable in different geographical contexts. Thespecificcasestudyrelatestotheearthquakethatin2016/2017affectedasignificant area of Central Italy and that strongly hit a large part of the so called “Italian village system”, i.e. a peculiar environmental and productive urban system that is still now in real emergency. As in most of the international reconstruction experiences, this reconstruction will certainly require al...
From Resilient and Regenerative Materials to a Resilient and Regenerative Built Environment
2021
Urban environmental degradation and disasters are leading to a paradigm shift towards implementing regenerative and resilient concepts on all scales. The interrelationship between microscopic and macroscopic elements of the built environment must be considered from pre-design through to building handover to avoid future disasters and environmental degradation in urban areas. This paper aims to identify synergies between the resilient and regenerative design activities needed on all scales and dimensions. The developed conceptual framework represents the context in which the study is conducted. Cooperation strategies on different scales are required to mitigate the climate crisis by reflecting the dimension of increasing energy consumption requirements from materials to the urban built environment in cities. The methods used to answer the research questions are data analysis from literature and trend comparisons at local, regional and global levels. New approaches and interrelationsh...