ANALYTICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON ZIZYPHUS LOTUS (original) (raw)
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Detection and Measurement of Zinc Concentrations in Selected Indigenous Medicinal Plants of Pakistan
Advances in Pharmaceutical and Ethnomedicines, 2014
Importance of trace elements has been documented over many years in human health and disease cure. A number of pharmaceutical formulations are commercially available containing combinations of different trace elements. The importance of herbal medicines in the health care system of the larger section of the world's population, the developing countries, is also an undeniable fact. In this study Twenty indigenous medicinal plants belonging to eight families, which are used in the traditional system of medicine (Unani) practiced in Pakistan, were investigated and analyzed by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometery as a potential natural sources of zinc. Calculated on the basis of gm dry plant sample, zinc concentrations ranged between 0.0005 mg/gm to 0.0317 mg/gm. Maximum concentrations of zinc were present in the washed and unwashed seeds of Argeria speciosa of family Convolvulaceae (0.0317mg/gm & 0.0310mg/gm), whereas minimum concentration of zinc was present in Butea Monosperma of family Leguminoseae (0.0057mg/gm).
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity Of Stem Extracts of Zizyphus oxyphylla Edgew
2015
3 Abstract: Keeping in view the folkloric history, stem extract of Zizyphus oxyphylla Edgew (Rhamnaceae) was examined phytochemically and for scavenging activity. Results of qualitative phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, coumarins and flavonoid. Total phenolic contents (TPC), Total flavonoid contents (TFC) were evaluated spectrophotometrically. Maximum phenolic content was recorded in aqueous extract 171.2±7.13 mg/g GAE followed by n-butanol and crude extract fraction with 159.6±5.13mg/g and 158.3±6.25mg/g GAE respectively, TFC analysis has also shown significant results in aqueous extract 94.1±3.70 mg/g QE followed by crude extract and n-butanol extract having close readings of 89.0±3.40 mg/g and 88.0±4.72mg/g QE correspondingly. DPPH assay has revealed worth mentioning scavenging activity in aqueous extract; 1.93±0.04 µmol/g extract TE followed by n-butanol, crude extract and ethyl acetate exposed close readings 1.88±0.06 µmo...
Ziziphus oxyphylla": Ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological and phytochemical review
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2017
Ziziphus oxyphylla (ZO) is distributed mainly in tropic and warm temperate regions in the world. Pakistan owns six (06) indigenous species of genus Ziziphus out of which ZO is widely used for traditional treatment of different ailments such as diabetes, jaundice and liver diseases. The present review aims to provide in-depth and comprehensive literature overview, regarding botanical, chemical and biological characteristics of the plant alongwith phytochemical isolation and mechanistic studies to support its folklore and traditional uses. The literature search and relevant information were collected through authentic resources using data bases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct, peer reviewed articles, books and thesis. The phytochemical characterization as well as color tests confirmed the presence of diverse chemical groups presents in the plant such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and tannins. In-vivo and in-vitro pharmacological...
Short Communication Investigation of Zinc Concentration in Some Medicinal Plant Leaves
Zinc activates 300 enzymes and it plays role in many other phenomenon like growth, membrane stability, bone mineralization, tissue growth and repair, wound healing and cell signaling. It is also an integral part of fetal development and sperm production. Analysis of zinc in the leaves of Neem (Azadirachta indica), sajna (Morienga oleifera) and Tulsi (Osmium sanctum) were determined. Tulsi leaves contains higher amount of zinc than other plant products. We obtained zinc concentration in Neem (Azadirachta indica), sajna (Morienga oleifera) and Tulsi (Osmium sanctum) respectively 32.6 µg/g, 21.3 µg/g and 48.5 µg/g by using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. This analysis may be useful in the exploration of medicinal values of these species.
Toxicological Investigation of Aqueous extract of Ziziphus mauritiana Leaves on Wistar Rats
International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research
Objective: Plant parts have been useful for food and remedies to various disease conditions for man long ago, but few have been studied for their toxicological effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and toxicological impacts of aqueous extract (AqE) Ziziphus mauritiana leaves on Wistar rats. Material-Method: The plant material was identified and authenticated at the harberium of Bayero University Kano and extraction were carried out by maceration. Phytochemical screening was carried-out using standard methods while administration of the extract was orally. Liver and kidney functional parameters were evaluated using standard kits and the histopathological evaluation were carried out according to the standard method. Results: Qualitative phytoconstituents screening revealed the presence of all Alkaloids, Saponin. Glycosides, tannin, flavonoids and others except anthraquinones while the quantitative screen showed phenol having the highest concentr...
Phytochemical Evaluation of The Methanolic Extracts of Zizyphus Xylopyrus (Willd.)
In this research paper we aim to evaluate the presence of phytoconstitute of methanolic fractions of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Willd.). Root powder of the plant was extracted successively with methanol, Extract had pungent odour, showed the presence of desired phytochemicals i.e. flavonoids, tannin, phenol. Qualitative chemical tests were carried out for the methanolic extract of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Willd.). The results of the tests showed the presence of carbohydrates, reducing sugars, saponins, phenolics, tannins, and flavonoids. On the basis of all the qualitative tests performed in each extracts, methanolic extract was subjected for the further phytochemical and pharmacological studies.
2012
Ziziphus species have wide distribution and uses worldwide traditionally as medicine. The flame atomic absorption spectroscopy was employed for the estimation of element contents of different plant parts of Ziziphus species collected from different areas of Pakistan. The results of the present study provide justification for the medicinal usage in the treatment of different diseases. The metal contents in the samples were found at different levels which play a vital role in cure of diseases. These results can give the importance about the herbal drugs prepared from these plant materials in herbal remedies and in pharmaceutical companies.
Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research, 2021
Heavy metals cause significant issues when people are exposed to many specific types of them. They can cause many disorders and affect the biochemical pathways in the body. Herbs are known as one of the richest sources of modern patented drugs, particularly in Iranian references. Many metals, particularly heavy metals, are toxic. Various studies have shown a higher level of heavy metals than standards in some countries like Iran, Pakistan, Egypt, and Nigeria. A preliminary study was conducted to determine some toxic elements in powdered Ziziphora (Ziziphora persica) collected from the local market in Lahijan city, northern Iran. Twenty random samples were gathered from various markets, and a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) was used to detect some featured toxic elements, including copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg). The results showed higher Pb, Cd, and Hg levels than standards. Besides, Cu and Zn were detected to be lower than standards.
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2014
Objective: To find a new natural source of antioxidant, the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of some secondary metabolites extracted from roots of Ziziphus lotus were evaluated. Methods: The total polyphenol contents were determined spectrophotometrically. Pyrrocatechol, catechin and cyanidin equivalents were used for these parameters. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by several in vitro systems of assays, namely DPPH radical scavenging activity method, b-Carotene Bleaching assay (BCB), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay (FRAP) and Total Antioxidant capacity test (TAC). Results: The quantitative estimation showed that the roots of Z. lotus were rich in polyphenols (20.09 mg PE/g DW) and proanthocyannidins (1.56%) and they contained a small amount of flavonoids (0.02 mg CE/g DW). The most fractions exhibited high antioxidant activities, and some even showed higher potency than the standard synthetic antioxidants in some instances. In DPPH assay, all extracts had shown significant inhibition (58.535-94.730% at 1 mg/mL). In addition, the IC 50 values ranged from 0.211 to 0.816 mg/mL, compared to 0.110, 0.214, 0.214 and 0.413 mg/mL for gallic acid, tannic acid, butylated-hydroxyanisol and ascorbic acid respectively. In (BCB) assay, the extracts showed strong inhibition (55.55-100.00% at 1 mg/mL) and the IC 50 values ranging from 0.123 to 0.850 mg/mL compared to 0.433 mg/mL for gallic acid. A dose dependant curve was obtained for all extracts in the FRAP assay. However, the antioxidant potencies of ascorbic acid and extracts were comparable at low concentrations. The majority of extracts showed the highest value of antioxidant activity, based on TAC test (0.073-0.398 mg ascorbic acid / mg extract). Conclusion: The results indicate that Z. lotus roots could be an important sources of natural antioxidants.