2011 US DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program and Vehicle Technologies Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Meeting (original) (raw)
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2012
(NREL) signed a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) to formalize collaborations in specific Thematic Areas both parties agreed to. The terms of the technical program (aims, means, and deliverables) were detailed in Technical Annexes appended to the MOA. Technical Annex 1 was titled "Hydrogen Sensor Performance, Testing and Evaluation." As part of the MOA, each party established a Steering Committee to guide cooperative activities implemented under the MOA. The Steering Committee meets once a year to review the cooperative activities implemented, to evaluate their effectiveness, and to develop plans. The first Steering Committee meeting was held by videoconference on 22 September 2011; the second meeting is scheduled for 3 December 2012. The MOA was to be in effect for two years and subject to renewal. This report summarizes the joint activities undertaken within the framework of the MOA on hydrogen sensor performance testing. For the purposes of evaluation, these activities, results, and impacts are reported against the Objectives specified in the Technical Annex of the MOA. Suggestions for future joint activities are also proposed.
Summary and Findings from the NREL/DOE Hydrogen Sensor Workshop (June 8, 2011)
2012
v Concentration unit of a component in a gas mixture, expressed as a fraction of the volume of the component to the total gas volume scaled by a factor of 10 6 psi Pounds per square inch RH Relative Humidity vi T Temperature TCD Thermal Conductivity Detector UE Utility Enclosure UL Underwriters Laboratories V DC Volts of direct current vol% Concentration unit of a component in a gas mixture, expressed as a volume percentage of the component to the total gas volume vii
Overview of North American Hydrogen Sensor Standards
2015
The use of hydrogen as a fuel has already been established in commercial markets, including stationary power systems (e.g., backup power) and fuel-cell-powered industrial trucks (e.g., forklifts), and further growth is expected with the pending release of hydrogen-powered fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) for the consumer market. The hydrogen infrastructure, including fueling facilities, repair garages, storage, and transport, must now expand to accommodate FCEVs. However, numerous barriers exist that impede hydrogen infrastructure implementation; one critical barrier is the permitting of new hydrogen facilities. Codes and standards are important in ensuring safety and encouraging commercialization. The availability of components certified to national standards, including safety sensors designed to detect unintended hydrogen releases, can facilitate the design and permitting of hydrogen facilities. The aim of the report is to facilitate hydrogen infrastructure implementation by providing:
2016
Hydrogen sensors are recognized as a critical element in the safety design for any hydrogen system. In this role, sensors can perform several important functions including indication of unintended hydrogen releases, activation of mitigation strategies to preclude the development of dangerous situations, activation of alarm systems and communication to first responders, and to initiate system shutdown. The functionality of hydrogen sensors in this capacity is decoupled from the system being monitored, thereby providing an independent safety component that is not affected by the system itself. The importance of hydrogen sensors has been recognized by DOE and by the Fuel Cell Technologies Office's Safety and Codes Standards (SCS) program in particular, which has for several years supported hydrogen safety sensor research and development. The SCS hydrogen sensor programs are currently led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Lawrence Liver...
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Global Technical Regulation (GTR) Number 13 (Global Technical Regulation on Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Vehicles) is the defining document regulating safety requirements in hydrogen vehicles, and in particular, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). GTR Number 13 has been formally adopted and will serve as the basis for the national regulatory standards for FCEV safety in North America (led by the United States), Japan, Korea, and the European Union. The GTR defines safety requirements for these vehicles, including specifications on the allowable hydrogen levels in vehicle enclosures during in-use and post-crash conditions and on the allowable hydrogen emissions levels in vehicle exhaust during certain modes of normal operation. However, in order to be incorporated into national regulations, that is, to be legally binding, methods to verify compliance with the specific requirements must exist. In a collaborative program, the Sensor Laboratories at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in the United States and the Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy and Transport in the Netherlands have been evaluating and developing analytical methods that can be used to verify compliance with the hydrogen release requirements as specified in the GTR.