Perspectives of fetal dystocia in cattle and buffalo (original) (raw)
Maternal dystocia in cows and buffaloes: a review
2011
ABSTRACT The maternal causes of dystocia in cattle and buffaloes are analyzed. Uterine torsion appears to be the most frequent maternal cause of dystocia in buffaloes whereas improper cervical dilation appears to be more frequent maternal cause of dystocia in cattle. Failure of uterine expulsive forces (Uterine Inertia) and neoplasm's of vagina, vulva and uterus are com monly seen in cows but less frequent in buffaloes. The various maternal causes of dystocia in cattle and buffaloes and their management are described.
Dystocia due to Disproportion Maternal Pelvis in a Cow and Its Management
One non descriptive cow in her first parity was presented with history of dystocia. Per-vaginal examination revealed presence of emphysematous foetus with deformed maternal pelvis leading to squeezing of birth canal. So immediately planned for caesarean section. Required padding of sterile drapes around the gravid uterus was made to avoid contamination of abdomen by the uterine content and then the dead and emphysematous fetus was removed. Laparotomy wound was closed as per routine manner. Post-operatively administration of antibiotics, analgesics, fluid therapy and regular wound dressing were done till healing. After 12 days of operation skin sutures were removed and the cow recovered well.
The Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology, 2023
SHORT COMMUNICATION study were uterine torsion, incomplete cervical dilation and narrow pelvis, while fetal causes mainly included fetal mal-disposition, fetal emphysema, fetal monster and fetal oversize. Fetal causes were observed to be predominant in cattle (68.76%) in comparison to maternal causes (31.24%), however in buffalo maternal causes were predominant (54.35%) in comparison to fetal causes (45.65 %). The common cause of dystocia of maternal origin in buffalo was uterine torsion, which contributed to 41.30% of total dystocia cases and in case of cattle dystocia occurred mainly due to fetal mal-disposition which contributed to 46.87% of total dystocia cases of cattle. Fetal mal-disposition contributed 68.18 % (15/22) out of total fetal causes of dystocia in cattle and uterine torsion contributed 76 % (19/25) out of total maternal causes of dystocia in buffalo.
2016
Dystocia can be defined as the inability of the cow to expel neonates through the birth canal from the uterus. This condition occurs as a result of problems with the dam’s uterus or birth canal, or with the fetus. It can occur in conditions such as pelvic canal abnormalities, uterine inertia and neoplasm of the vagina, fetal oversize, incomplete cervical dilation and maldispositions of the fetus. Improper cervical dilation appears to be more frequent maternal cause of dystocia in cattle. The usual clinical signs are the onset of labor without delivery of fetus or fetal membranes and later regression of parturition signs. An incorrect diagnosis of dystocia may result in an unnecessary cesarean section.It most commonly occurs in heifers than mature cattle. The factors which influence the likelihood of dystocia include: infection, heredity, nutrition, calf sex, exercise, cow age and gestation length. Although dystocia cannot be eliminated from a herd; the incidence can be greatly reduc...
Dystocia Due to Breech Presentation of a Dicephalic Fetal monster in A Buffalo
Animal Reproduction Update, 2022
A case of dystocia due to breech presentation coupled with bilateral hip flexion in a dicephalic foetal monster having bilateral brachygnathism in a Murrah buffalo was brought to Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC) of the university which was relieved through obstetrical maneuvers per-vaginally.
A Field Study on the Incidence of Dystocia in Cattle
The Indian veterinary journal
The present study was done on 26 cases of cattle dystocia conducted at the farmer’s premises during June 2004 to may 2007. It was found that highest prevalence was observed in the first calver, crossbred cattle during summer and spring season. Majority of the dystocia were of foetal causes which were mainly relieved by obstetrical mutations. Post partum recovery of foetus and dam was 62.50 and 96.15% respectively.
Dystocia due to a Dichephalus Monster Fetus in Egyptian Buffalo: A Case Report
2019
The dystocia in animals is an important cause of economic loss in livestock. One of the reasons for the dystocia is fetal monosters. The present case describes the syndrome which called dichephalus monster. From the clinical point of view the foetus was a fully developed calf with two complete heads, four eyes, four ears, two oral cavities, a single thorax and abdomen, two fore and two hind limb. The incidence of dicephalus in Egyptian buffalo-cows reported as 0.552 % from all cases of dystocia from 2007-2016 which represented into clinical veterinary hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt. This case caused dystocia in Egyptian cow which solved by cesarean section.
Dystocia in beef heifers: A review of genetic and nutritional influences
New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 2006
Breeding beef heifers for the first time at 15 months of age has potential to increase the efficiency of the beef breeding-cow herd. An increased incidence of dystocia in heifers calving at 2 years of age, compared to mature cows, is a major reason many farmers in New Zealand have not adopted the practice. The predominant type of dystocia affecting 2-year-old heifers is feto-maternal disproportion, a condition in which the fetus is too large relative to the size of the heifer's pelvis. Reducing birthweight of the calf is a means of reducing the incidence of dystocia. Birthweight and length of gestation are determined by genotype of the calf, maternal genetic effects and environmental effects.Bulls with low estimated breeding values for birthweight have been selected for mating heifers; however, the positive genetic correlation between birthweight and mature weight meant that the progeny of these bulls tended to be lighter at finishing, making them less desirable in the beef industry. The genotype of the dam also plays a role in determining the risk of dystocia; the maternal ability of the dam to nurture the fetus influences birth- weight, and the dam's genetic potential for growth influences the size of her pelvic area. Heavy heifers tend to produce high- birthweight calves, counteracting the reduction in the incidence of dystocia resulting from the larger pelvis in larger heifers.Manipulating feeding level during pregnancy offers an alternative method for manipulating the birthweight of calves. Little is known about the effects of nutrition in early gestation on placental development or birthweight of calves. No differences in the birthweight of calves have been observed in response to variation in feeding in mid-pregnancy, and variable responses in birthweight and the incidence of dystocia to feeding in the third trimester of pregnancy have been reported. Differences in birthweight have not always resulted in differences in the incidence of dystocia, primarily due to differences in liveweight of the heifer also induced by feeding regimens. Variability in the incidence of dystocia in response to feeding level in the third trimester of pregnancy makes it difficult to make recommendations for the feeding of heifers at this stage of gestation. More research is needed into the effects of nutrition in early gestation on fetal and placental development in cattle.