Extracellular enzymatic activity of malassezia spp. isolates (original) (raw)
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Production and Quantification of Virulence Factors in Malassezia Species
Research Square (Research Square), 2021
A total of 77 strains of Malassezia were included in this study. Bio lm production and hydrolytic enzymes were studied by using speci c solid media. Realtime Reverse Transcriptase qPCR method was applied to determine overexpression of genes encoding extracellular enzyme. All included Malassezia species produced bio lms. No statistical signi cant difference was observed between bio lm formation of the Malassezia species (P = 0.567). All Malassezia species produced lipase and 95% of M. globosa showed a strong enzymatic activity (Pz=0.55 ± 0.02). Statistical signi cant difference was observed between the mean keratinase indices of M. sloo ae and the others Malassezia species (P = 0.005). The overexpression of one or more genes was observed in 100% of strains isolated from patients with folliculitis, in 87.5% for pityriasis versicolor isolates and in 57.14% for the control group isolates. A statistical signi cant difference of the lipase gene expression (P = 0.072) was associated with the strains collected from patients with folliculitis vs group control. This investigation provides more information about the frequency of the production of the major enzymes considered to be virulence factors of Malassezia species. Interestingly, the overexpression of one or more genes was observed in strains isolated from patients with Malassezia disorder.
Note Identification of atypical strains of Malassezia spp. from cattle and dog
Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 2002
Yeast species in the genus Malassezia are lipophilic with the exception of Malassezia pachydermatis. During a study of the occurrence of Malassezia species in the external ear of 964 cattle and 6 dogs in Minas Gerais, Brazil, six lipid-dependent isolates could not be identified to known species. Four isolates came from healthy cows, one from a cow with otitis, and one from a healthy dog. When tested with Tweens and Cremophor EL as single sources of lipids, the strains grew on all sources except Cremophor EL. None of the six strains hydrolyzed esculin, and all produced catalase. Pigment production from tryptophan was variable. Partial large subunit rRNA sequences were obtained for two isolates that remained viable in culture. The strain from the cow with otitis was identified as a lipid-dependent variant of M. pachydermatis, and the strain from the dog was an atypical variant of Malassezia furfur.Key words: atypical Malassezia strains, biochemical and physiological characterization, ...
Mycoses, 1999
A total of 220 isolates of the genus Malassezia obtained from affected skin of animals and humans were included in this study. The isolates were examined for their belonging to the known species Malassezia pachydermatis, Malassezia sympodialis, Malassezia furfur, Malassezia obtusa, Malassezia restricta, Malassezia globosa and Malassezia slooffiae by means of phenotypic and biochemical characteristics as well as their ability to assimilate polyethylen(20)‐sorbitan‐esters (Tween 20, 40, 60, 80). The electrophoretic karyotypes of all isolates were studied by pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis. Of the 220 Malassezia isolates examined, 217 were identified as M. pachydermatis and three were classified as M. sympodialis. Moreover, the proof of limited lipid‐dependence of M. pachydermatis indicated that the commonly used criterion ‘lipid‐independence’ is not sufficient to differentiate this species from the other known Malassezia species.
Characterization of the lipase activity of Malassezia furfur
Medical Mycology, 1996
Enzymes capable of metabolizing lipids are essential for the growth of Malassezia furfur in vitro and in vivo. We designed a series of experiments to characterize the lipolytic system in this yeast. The optimal pH of the lipase system was 7.5. Lipase activity was detected in soluble and insoluble saline cell extracts and in supernatant from the cultures. Esterase activity screened in samples separated by native polyacrylamide gels showed that it was restricted to one band of low mobility. An FPLC analysis of the soluble saline extract demonstrated that the lipase activity was present in three major peaks with different protein composition as revealed by SDS-PAGE.
Molecular Differentiation of Seven Malassezia Species
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2000
A system based on PCR and restriction endonuclease analysis was developed to distinguish the seven currently recognized Malassezia species. Seventy-eight strains, including authentic culture collection strains and routine clinical isolates, were investigated for variation in the ribosomal DNA repeat units. Two genomic regions, namely, the large subunit of the ribosomal gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, were amplified by PCR, and products were digested with restriction endonucleases. The patterns generated were useful in identification of five out of seven Malassezia species. M. sympodialis was readily distinguishable in that its ITS region yielded a 700-bp amplified fragment, whereas the other six species yielded an 800-bp fragment. M. globosa and M. restricta were very similar in the regions studied and could be distinguished only by performing a hot start-touchdown PCR on primers for the -tubulin gene. Primers based on the conserved areas of the Candida cylindracea lipase gene, which were used in an attempt to amplify Malassezia lipases, yielded an amplification product after annealing at 55°C only with M. pachydermatis. This specific amplification may facilitate the rapid identification of this organism.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology
A system based on PCR and restriction endonuclease analysis was developed to distinguish the seven currently recognized Malassezia species. Seventy-eight strains, including authentic culture collection strains and routine clinical isolates, were investigated for variation in the ribosomal DNA repeat units. Two genomic regions, namely, the large subunit of the ribosomal gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, were amplified by PCR, and products were digested with restriction endonucleases. The patterns generated were useful in identification of five out of seven Malassezia species. M. sympodialis was readily distinguishable in that its ITS region yielded a 700-bp amplified fragment, whereas the other six species yielded an 800-bp fragment. M. globosa and M. restricta were very similar in the regions studied and could be distinguished only by performing a hot start-touchdown PCR on primers for the -tubulin gene. Primers based on the conserved areas of the Candida cylindracea lipase gene, which were used in an attempt to amplify Malassezia lipases, yielded an amplification product after annealing at 55°C only with M. pachydermatis. This specific amplification may facilitate the rapid identification of this organism.
Identification of Different Malassezia Species Isolated from Patients with Malassezia Infections
Yeasts of the genus Malassezia are known as the microflora of human skin and that of many warmblooded animals; but the different Malassezia species can induce superficial skin infections. Best known and most frequent is pityriasis versicolor (PV), a chronic and recurrent skin disease occurring primarily in hot and humid climates. The purpose of the present study was to make use of the metabolic differences and assay techniques, to compare the distribution of Malassezia species and gain insight into the epidemiology and ecology of the species identified. In this study, 25 patients with approved (PV) were selected and skin samples were cultured on Sabouraud glucose agar and mDixon. Differentiation of Malassezia species was performed using of assimilation of Tweens, catalase reaction, splitting of esculin and growth without addition of lipids. M. globosa (42.85%), M. furfur (31.4%), M. sympodialis (11.42%), M. pachydermatis (8.57%) and M. obtusa (5.71%) were the most important isolated. Interestingly, in 10 patients two different malassezia species were isolated. Regarding to the results of this study, M. furfur and M. globosa were the most prevalent species in the skin of patients with PV; so these organisms can jointly cause the infections. It is necessary to investigate of epidemiology and ecology of distribution of Malassezia species.
Molecular differentiation of seven Malassezia species
Journal of clinical microbiology, 2000
A system based on PCR and restriction endonuclease analysis was developed to distinguish the seven currently recognized Malassezia species. Seventy-eight strains, including authentic culture collection strains and routine clinical isolates, were investigated for variation in the ribosomal DNA repeat units. Two genomic regions, namely, the large subunit of the ribosomal gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, were amplified by PCR, and products were digested with restriction endonucleases. The patterns generated were useful in identification of five out of seven Malassezia species. M. sympodialis was readily distinguishable in that its ITS region yielded a 700-bp amplified fragment, whereas the other six species yielded an 800-bp fragment. M. globosa and M. restricta were very similar in the regions studied and could be distinguished only by performing a hot start-touchdown PCR on primers for the beta-tubulin gene. Primers based on the conserved areas of the Candida cy...