C0607021319.pdf (original) (raw)
Related papers
Novel biodegradable electrospun membrane: scaffold for tissue engineering
Biomaterials, 2004
Nonwoven fibrous matrixes have been widely used as scaffolds in tissue engineering, and modification of microstructure of these matrices is needed to organize cells in three-dimensional space with spatially balanced proliferation and differentiation required for functional tissue development. The objective of this study was fabrication of nanofibrous matrix from novel biodegradable poly(p-dioxanone-co-l-lactide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PPDO/PLLA-b-PEG) copolymer, and to examine cell proliferation, morphology of cell-matrix interaction with the electrospun nanofibrous matrix. The electrospun structure composed of PPDO/ PLLA-b-PEG fibers with an average diameters of 380 nm, median pore size 8 mm, porosity more than 80% and mechanical strength 1.4 MPa, is favorable for cell-matrix interaction and supports the active biocompatibility of the structure. NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell seeded on the structure tend to maintain phenotypic shape and guided growth according to nanofiber orientation. Good capability of the nanofibrous structure for supporting the cell attachment and proliferation are observed. This novel biodegradable scaffold will be applicable for tissue engineering based upon its unique architecture, which acts to support and guide cell growth. r
Biocompatibility studies of polyurethane electrospun membranes based on arginine as chain extender
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
Electrospun polymers are an example of multi-functional biomaterials that improve the material-cellular interaction and aimed at enhancing wound healing. The main objective of this work is to fabricate electrospun polyurethane membranes using arginine as chain extender (PUUR) in order to test the fibroblasts affinity and adhesion on the material and the polymer toxicity. Polyurethane membranes were prepared in two steps: (i) the polyurethane synthesis, and ii) the electrospinning process. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The evaluation of PUUR as a scaffolding biomaterial for growing and developing of cells on the material was realized by LIVE/DEAD staining. The results show that the fluorescent surface area of human fibroblasts (hFB), was greater in control dense membranes made from Tecoflex than in electrospun and dense P...
Biomaterials, 2005
Skeletal muscle tissue engineering represents an attractive approach to overcome problems associated with autologous transfer of muscle tissue and provides a valid alternative in muscle regeneration enhancement. The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability, as scaffold for skeletal muscle tissue engineering, of a known biodegradable block copolymer (DegraPol s ) processed by electrospinning in the novel form of microfibrous membranes. Scaffolds were characterized with reference to their morphological, degradative and mechanical properties. Subsequently, cell viability, adhesion and differentiation on coated and uncoated DegraPol s slides were investigated using line cells (C2C12 and L6) and primary human satellite cells (HSCs). The membranes exhibited absence of toxic residuals and satisfactory mechanical properties (linear elastic behavior up to 10% deformation, E modulus in the order of magnitude of MPa). A promising cellular response was also found in preliminary experiments: both line cells and HSCs adhered, proliferated and fused on differently coated electrospun membranes. Positive staining for myosin heavy chain expression indicated that differentiation of C2C12 multinucleated cells occurred within the porous elastomeric substrate. Together the results of this study provide significant evidence of the suitability of electrospun DegraPol s membranes as scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering and that they represent a promising alternative to scaffolds currently used in this field. r
Electrospun biodegradable nanofibrous mats for tissue engineering
…, 2008
Aims & method: In this study, a microbial polyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co- 3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), and its blends were electrospun into PHBV (10% w/v), PHBV (15% w/v), PHBV-PLLA (5% w/v), PHBV-PLGA (50:50) (15% w/v) and PHBV-P(L,DL)LA (5% w/v) fibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering. Results: Various processing parameters affected the morphology and the dimensions of beads formed on the fibers. Concentration was highly influential on fiber properties; as it increased from 5 to 15% (w/v), fiber diameter increased from 284 ± 133 nm to 2200 ± 716 nm. Increase in potential (from 20 to 50 kV) did not lead to the expected decrease in fiber diameter. The blends of PHBV with lactide-based polymers led to fibers with less beads and more uniform diameter. The surface porosities for PHBV10, PHBV15, PHBV-PLLA, PHBV-PLGA (50:50) and PHBV-P(L,DL)LA were 38.0 ± 3.8, 40.1 ± 8.5, 53.8 ± 4.2, 50.0 ± 4.2 and 30.8 ± 2.7%, respectively. In vitro studies using human osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2) revealed that the electrospun scaffolds promoted cell growth and penetration. Surface modification with oxygen plasma treatment slightly improved the improved the results in terms of cell number increase and significantly improved spreading of the cells. Conclusion: All scaffolds prepared by electrospinning have implied significant potential for use in further studies leading to bone tissue engineering applications. The PHBV-PLLA blend appeared to yield the best results regarding cell number increase, their attachment and spreading inside and on the scaffold.
Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2010
Collagen functionalized thermoplastic polyurethane nanofibers (TPU/collagen) were successfully produced by coaxial electrospinning technique with a goal to develop biomedical scaffold. A series of tests were conducted to characterize the compound nanofiber and its membrane in this study. Surface morphology and interior structure of the ultrafine fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), whereas the fiber diameter distribution was also measured. The crosslinked membranes were also characterized by SEM. Porosities of different kinds of electrospun mats were determined. The surface chemistry and chemical composition of collagen/TPU coaxial nanofibrous membranes were verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Mechanical measurements were carried out by applying tensile test loads to samples which were prepared from electrospun ultra fine non-woven fiber mats. The coaxial electrospun nanofibers were further investigated as a promising scaffold for PIECs culture. The results demonstrated that coaxial electrospun composite nanofibers had the characters of native extracellular matrix and may be used effectively as an alternative material for tissue engineering and functional biomaterials.
Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology
Recently, in the field of tissue engineering, fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) electrospun scaffold or membrane is much emphasized. In this study, layered composite scaffolds or membranes were fabricated using two biodegradable polymers, polycaprolactone (PCL) and Chitosan layer-by-layer with multilayer electrospinning method. Characterizations of membranes were done using several techniques. Electrospun composite membrane’s surface morphology was examined using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the wettability of the material’s surface was determined using water contact angle measuring measurement (WCA). Water uptake properties of electrospun membrane were also determined. Using optimized solution concentration and electrospinning processing parameters, the composite PCL/Chitosan and PCL layer-by-layer were successfully fabricated. It was observed from SEM that the composite electrospun membranes produced consisted microfibers and nanofibers within single scaffold. The ...
Acta Biomaterialia, 2010
The current study analyzes the biodegradation of a polycarbonate polyurethane scaffold intended for the growth of a tissue-engineered annulus fibrosus (AF) disc component. Electrospun scaffolds with random and aligned nanofiber configurations were fabricated using a biodegradable polycarbonate urethane with and without an anionic surface modifier (anionic dihydroxyl oligomer), and the mechanical behavior of the scaffolds was examined during a 4 week biodegradation study. Both the tensile strength and initial modulus of aligned scaffolds (r = 14 ± 1 MPa, E = 46 ± 3 MPa) were found to be higher than those of random fiber scaffolds (r = 1.9 ± 0.4 MPa, E = 2.1 ± 0.2 MPa) prior to degradation. Following initial wetting of the scaffold, the initial modulus of the aligned samples showed a significant decrease (dry: 46 ± 3 MPa; pre-wetted: 9 ± 1 MPa, p < 0.001). The modulus remained relatively constant during the remainder of the 4 week incubation period (aligned at 4 weeks: 8.0 ± 0.3 MPa). The tensile strength for aligned fiber scaffolds was affected in the same manner. Similar changes were not observed for the initial modulus of the random scaffold configuration. Biodegradation of the scaffold in the presence of cholesterol esterase (a monocyte derived enzyme) yielded a 0.5 mg week-1 weight loss. The soluble and non-soluble degradation products were found to be non-toxic to bovine AF cells grown in vitro. The consistent rate of material degradation along with stable mechanical properties comparable to those of native AF tissue and the absence of cytotoxic effects make this polymer a suitable biomaterial candidate for further investigation into its use for tissue-engineering annulus fibrosus.
2019
The present study introduces a nanofibers skin patch comprised of collagen and polyurethane polymers. Belonging to the family of biodegradable polymers, they can be mixed with various drugs, degraded at the wounded area, whereby the drug is gradually released into the wound. The characterization of nanofibers were identified using mechanisms such as SEM, FTIR, and tensile test. The results of SEM analysis indicated that all the fabricated nanofibers have a proper and uniform morphology. FTIR spectrum for collagen and TPU revealed various factor groups including N-H group with hydrogen bond, CH2 group, (C=O) carbonyl group, and carboxyl group (COO) for collagen. Furthermore TPU spectrum demonstrated a broad peak for N-H group, the symmetric and asymmetric stretching for CH2 group as well as carbonyl group (C=O) peak. In addition, a tensile test examined the mechanical properties of nanofibers with and without loaded natural honey, indicating that the use of natural honey in the struc...
Overview of Electrospinning for Tissue Engineering Applications
Polymers
Tissue engineering (TE) is an emerging field of study that incorporates the principles of biology, medicine, and engineering for designing biological substitutes to maintain, restore, or improve tissue functions with the goal of avoiding organ transplantation. Amongst the various scaffolding techniques, electrospinning is one of the most widely used techniques to synthesise a nanofibrous scaffold. Electrospinning as a potential tissue engineering scaffolding technique has attracted a great deal of interest and has been widely discussed in many studies. The high surface-to-volume ratio of nanofibres, coupled with their ability to fabricate scaffolds that may mimic extracellular matrices, facilitates cell migration, proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation. These are all very desirable properties for TE applications. However, despite its widespread use and distinct advantages, electrospun scaffolds suffer from two major practical limitations: poor cell penetration and poor load-be...
Studies on the effect of surface properties on the biocompatibility of polyurethane membranes
Biomaterials, 2001
To study the e!ect of surface properties on the biocompatibility of biomaterials based on the same material, polyurethane membranes with di!erent surface properties were prepared. Myoblast culture and interleukin-1 (IL-1) generation in an air pouch model and in vitro monocyte culture were used to examine biocompatibility of di!erent polyurethane membranes. Polyurethane membranes were found to exhibit signi"cant di!erences depending on their surface properties prepared by di!erent fabrication processes. When myoblasts were cultured on polyurethane surfaces, the smooth and hydrophobic membrane (F1), prepared by the solvent evaporation process, showed the greatest inhibition of myoblast adhesion compared with other porous and hydrophilic membranes (F2, F3 and F4), prepared by immersing the polymer solution into a precipitation bath. In contrast, IL-1 generation by monocytes/macrophages on the membrane F1 was more severe than those on the porous and hydrophilic membranes. Based on our results, the interaction of biomaterials with various cells is discussed.