Microcontroller-based Seismic-ShakingIntensity Meter (original) (raw)

Measurment of Vibration and Seismic Signal Using Microcontroller

2002

When a major earthquake occurs, the resultant energy released will propagate over a wide range of frequencies and velocities. Even though the earth movements discernible to the viewer may be confined to the general region of the earthquake origin, the various seismic wave phases propagating throughout the earth result in small, but measurable, ground motion which can be detected by a seismometer. Recent technological and theoretical developments suggest that its effectiveness could be greatly increased through the use of satellite communications, automatic data acquisition and transmission, and computerized pre calculation of wave effects. This Paper is based on the measurement of such data using simple hardware and microcontroller. Many attempts are made to produce such a device that can sense the seismic or earth vibration prior to the disaster to predict. Many earthquake detector and Tsunameter are developed for the prediction that is too costly to be implemented everywhere. So h...

Microcontroller Based Low Cost Earthquake Monitoring Using Lab-View

2015

Earthquake cause thousands of deaths and property is lost throughout the world, most all earthquakes are preceded physical vibration processes, which are commonly known as earthquake precursors. Earthquakes and tsunamis resulting from large vibration between two plates surface as earthquakes canter under the sea are of particular concern. They generally occur with very little without advance warning. An instrumentation system is demonstrated here for the detection of the surface variations in pressure and vibration which gives all warning before the disaster. It consists of a sensor coupled smart embedded system; precise detected the variation in physical-electrical pressure and vibration parameters. This will interface with the microcontroller through embedded software and send an alarm in the audio and visual form when the parameters exceed beyond certain critical threshold. The measurements of the dynamic variations of the parameters indicate a departure from the routine values. ...

Analysing and Monitoring Earthquake Vibrations using Geophones, Interfaced with Microcontroller

Ijca Proceedings on International Conference and Workshop on Emerging Trends in Technology 2013, 2013

Natural disasters cause thousands of deaths and property worth millions of rupees is lost every year throughout the world. Earthquakes and tsunamis resulting from large earthquakes under the sea are of particular concern because they generally occur with very little or no advance warning [1].Almost all earthquakes are preceded by physical processes which are commonly known as earthquake precursors [1]. An instrumentation system is presented here for the detection of the variations of these precursors which change well before the event. It consists of a sensor coupled to an embedded system to enable precise detection of variation in physical parameters. This helps us to interface it with the microcontroller through the related software and send an alarm in the audio and visual form when the parameters exceed beyond certain critical threshold. The measurements of the dynamic variations of the parameters indicate a departure from the routine values.The instrumentation system allows a comparative monitoring of such parameters with previously set standards along with an alarm system to trigger off during exceptional variations. This alarm enables us to put in place the preventive safety measures. The instrumentation includes the vibration sensor geophone as the predominant sensor for detecting the relative parameters from the simulations of the earthquake.

Real Time Seismic Monitoring System for Earthquake Using GPS Technology

As part of earthquake process, earth's surface is being deformed as earthquake faults accumulate strain & slip or slowly creep over time. We use GPS to monitor this movement by measuring precise position (within 5mm or less) of stations near active faults relative to each other. In this paper, seismic monitoring is made through a real time analysis using GPS technology. This paper explains how GPS will be used to measure the movement of the earth, i.e., how far the earth actually moved & in what direction, this may be in form of lateral movement or vertical displacement. Here GPS enables direct fault motion measurement in earthquake using one or more GPS's three basic components, i.e. absolute location, relative movement & time transfer. The technology here uses real time GPS information to measure vital stats on a quake. The technology use is referred as, "Real Time Earthquake Analysis For Disaster, (READI)". Because of its accuracy & precision, the technology has played a vital role in sensing the area précised to 5mm. We here are using the GPS data automatically to calculate the location, magnitude & other details about the earthquake fault. GPS receiver is vital component in are paper because it is stationed to receive the satellite's signal, so that movement could be measured with pinpoint accuracy. It will also measure the high frequency carrier wave used to send the code. Its accuracy is lot higher, providing more precise positional information.

Development and Testing of a Mobile Application for Recording and Analyzing Seismic Data

i-jishin, an app that measures earthquakes using MEMS acceleration sensors built in mobile information terminals such as smartphones and geonavi that receives, stores, and displays seismic records on a cloud server is developed. The test results for the performance validation of the system, an example of the application to strong-motion observation of buildings, and approach of field test for local communities are introduced.

iShake: Using Personal Devices to Deliver Rapid Semi-Qualitative Earthquake Shaking Information

… Report, Depart. of …, 2011

Emergency responders must “see” the effects of an earthquake clearly and rapidly so thatthey can respond effectively to the damage it has produced. Great strides have been made recently indeveloping methodologies that deliver rapid and accurate post-earthquake information. However,shortcomings still exist. The iShake project is an innovative use of cell phones and informationtechnology to bridge the gap between the high quality, but sparse, ground motion instrument data thatare used to help develop ShakeMap and the low quality, but large quantity, human observational datacollected to construct a “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI)-based map.Rather than using people as measurement “devices” as is being done through DYFI, theiShake project is using their cell phones to measure ground motion intensity parameters andautomatically deliver the data to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for processing anddissemination. In this participatory sensing paradigm, quantitative shaking data from numerouscellular phones will enable the USGS to produce shaking intensity maps more accurately thanpresently possible.The phone sensor, however, is an imperfect device with performance variations amongphones of a given model as well as between models. The sensor is the entire phone, not just themicro-machined transducer inside. A series of 1-D and 3-D shaking table tests were performed at UCSan Diego and UC Berkeley, respectively, to evaluate the performance of a class of cell phones. Inthese tests, seven iPhones and iPod Touch devices that were mounted at different orientations weresubjected to 124 earthquake ground motions to characterize their response and reliability as seismicsensors. The testing also provided insight into the seismic response of unsecured and fallinginstruments.Pilot software has been developed that captured the measured data during the shaking tabletests. The data are sent automatically as a text message immediately after the shaking occurs (andbefore high cellular phone traffic blocks most cell phone use) to a server that can analyze andinterpret the data. Further field tests are under way to test the system capabilities.The cell phones measured seismic parameters such as peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV ), peak ground displacement (PGD), and 5% damped spectral accelerationswell. In general, iPhone and iPod Touch sensors slightly over-estimated ground motion energy (i.e.,Arias Intensity). However, the mean acceleration response spectrum of the seven iPhonescompared remarkably well with that of the reference high quality accelerometers. The error in therecorded intensity parameters was dependent on the characteristics of the input ground motion,particularly its PGA and decreased for stronger motions. The use of a high-friction devicecover (e.g., rubber iPhone covers) on unsecured phones yielded substantially improved data byminimizing independent phone movement. Useful information on the ground motion characteristicswas even extracted from unsecured phones during intense shaking events.The insight gained from these experiments is valuable in distilling information from a largenumber of imperfect signals from phones that may not be rigidly connected to the ground. With theseubiquitous measurement devices, a more accurate and rapid portrayal of the damage distributionduring an earthquake can be provided to emergency responders and to the public.

Iot-Based Earthquake Warning System Development and Evaluation

Mugla Journal of Science and Technology

In this study a low cost earthquake warning system has been developed that will detect non-destructive foreshocks. The developed system is an IOT application where objects communicate with each other. Arduino mega was used as the micro controller in the system. The purpose of developing earthquake warning system is to announce the information about the beginning and end of the earthquake at the instant of earthquake as a tweet in tweeter and to give audible alert for the persons in the environment. IMU and piezo vibration sensors were used to detect the vibrations at the moment of the earthquake. Also, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module was included in the system for the system to connect to the internet. The system evaluates the data from IMU and vibration sensors to detect the earthquake. For IMU sensor, data is evaluated in two axes; namely x and y. ıf the change in x-or y-axis is equal to or greater than 10 or the data from vibration sensor is greater than 694 then the earthquake warning system is triggered. As a result of this triggering the system connects to internet via Wi-Fi module, a tweet is sent to inform that the earthquake has started and audible alert is given locally. ThingSpeak IoT analytics platform is used for the system top send tweet. When the system is triggered, necessary data is sent to the ThingSpeak platform and tweet is sent through this platform. Also, system's sensitivity threshold values can be changed and adjusted. According to the results of real-time operation, it has been determined that the developed system can detect the earthquake successfully and sensitively and provide audible alert and send tweet for warning.

Monitoring Earthquake through MEMS Sensors (MEMS project) in the town of Acireale (Italy

IEEE, 2018

We introduce the realization of the first European real-time urban seismic network based on Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology. The project is called Monitoring Earthquake through MEMS Sensors (MEMS) and encompass the installation of about 100 seismic station in the municipality of Acireale (Sicily, Italy). The stations, specifically designed and assembled, are equipped with a triaxial MEMS accelerometer, and gyroscope and GPS. In this paper we present the characteristics of the station and of the network. The main objective of the network is a rapid, post-earthquake disaster assessment through the automatic production of shake maps. The network also allow the implementation of an automatic recognition system for damage assessment from remotely piloted aircraft, and of a site-specific Earthquake Early Warning system.

Earthquake Monitoring & Early Warning System

The aim of this project is to design the system that can detect P-wave before the first S-wave spike. Typically, P-wave travel 1.68 to 1.75 times faster than S-wave. Our proposed designed device consists of a pendulum type earthquake detection device which is interconnected with fault point finder, wireless alarm, GSM kit and automatic turn off system. when P-wave strike the pendulum it activates relay and send the pulse to stimulate the wireless alarm which can be install at any place as it detects the P-waves and can save human lives as they will be aware of how to deal with this situation.