Automated circuit modeling tool for arbitrary passive microwave and RF components (original) (raw)
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The 5th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference, 2010
We present a new algorithm for generating passive parametric models of microwave devices from their sampled scattering responses. The proposed formulation supports a parameterization of model poles and preserves the stability and passivity of the original device for any parameter value. These combined features lead to significant improvements with respect to the state of the art. Application examples show the effectiveness of the method in modeling multiport microwave devices.
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We describe the use of an electromagnetic (EM) simulator for modeling integrated RF components and circuits. Modern EM simulators are fast and accurate enough to provide good models of such components. An important aspect of advanced IC processes is that the physical properties of wires (width, thickness, and resistance) vary depending on the surrounding wiring. We discuss how the EMX simulator [1] handles widthand spacing-dependent properties in the process description. Because the simulator handles mask-ready layout without the need for manual simplification, it is feasible to simulate thousands of possible designs and build scalable component models. Such scalable models allow fast choices of optimal components that meet user-supplied specifications.
RF COMPONENTS MODELING AND ANALYSIS
RF Passive components are used in the design of RF blocks as well as in system level integration. The efficient and accurate analysis of these components is required in order to meet the RF block or system level performances. I had studied the modeling of RF passive components for fast analysis approaches I had studied and developed a prototype design to simulate RF circuits in Pspice. The aim was to develop a functionality to simulate a RF block in spice simulator. Following issues were considered in this simulation i. S-parameter file compatibility with spice simulator ii. Synthesis and analysis of matching circuits iii. Modeling of passive components S-parameter file compatibility with spice simulator: For the circuit design I had considered system level LNA block and made it compatible with spice format The S-parameter file for LNA was not directly compatible with the spice format. An approach was investigated and a translator was developed to make it spice compatible. Hence a generalized code for Nport S-parameter file conversion to spice format was developed.
Simulation and Automated Modeling of Microwave Circuits: State-of-the-Art and Emerging Trends
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Microwave modeling and simulation are essential to designing microwave circuits and systems. Although fundamental concepts and approaches for modeling and simulation are mature, the drive to higher frequencies, tighter design margins, and more functionality/complexity of circuits continue to defy the capabilities of existing modeling and simulation methods. Newer algorithms are being developed to address the speed, accuracy and robustness of design algorithms. Coupled with the advent of more powerful computers and algorithms, microwave design automations are solving much more complex problems in much shorter time than previously imaginable. This paper describes the advances and state-of-the-art in automated modeling and simulation. Automated data-driven modeling approaches covering data sampling/generation, model structure adaptation, and model training/validation are described. Simulation of nonlinear microwave circuits is described covering formulations of simulation equations and advanced solution algorithms addressing problem size, convergence speed and solution accuracy. The descriptions highlight fundamental concepts, advanced methodologies, and future trends of development.
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Modeling and Simulation Techniques for Microwave Components
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This chapter discusses about methods used in simulation and modeling of radio frequency (RF)/microwave circuits and components. The main topic that is discussed here is about one of the most powerful methods, that is, artificial neural networks. In this chapter, different types of neural network such as dynamic and recurrent neural networks will be discussed. Other techniques that are popular in the area of microwave components simulation and modeling are numerical techniques such as vector fitting, Krylov method, and Pade approximation. At the end of the chapter, vector fitting as an example of numerical methods will be discussed.
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We review a recently proposed methodology for automatic generation of equivalent circuits from physical device simulation. The method is based on the calibration on a simplified equivalent-circuit model on simulation results, and can achieve an optimum balance of model complexity, accuracy, and generality. We discuss some of the possible applications of the technique to the modeling of active devices, parasitic elements, and complex physical effects such as selfheating and hot-carrier transport.
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1997
Efficient utilization of commercial electromagnetic (EM) simulators for design and optimization of microwave (MW) and millimeter-wave (MMW) circuits is achieved by classifying design problems into three categories-characterization of circuit elements, optimization of circuit elements, and creation of circuit element libraries such as scalable libraries. Practical aspects of the methods are illustrated by several examples. An equivalent circuit extraction technique suitable for n n n-port coupled structures is provided. The derived equivalent circuit is useful for extrapolating data, optimization, and deriving scalable models.