Gradation of carcinogen-induced capacity for anchorage-independent growth in cultured rat liver epithelial cells (original) (raw)

Abstract

The effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the capacity for anchorage-independent growth of chemically treated rat hepatic epithelial cells has been investigated. We have performed the studies using 16 clonally derived cell strains which represented single cell-derived subpopulations of a heterogeneous rat hepatic epithelial cell line that had been tumorigenically transformed by 11 repeated treatments with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. The results can be summarized as follows. (a) Secondary clonal subpopulations isolated from the colonies formed by these strains in soft agar subsequently and invariably acquired markedly enhanced colony-forming efficiencies as compared to their parental strains. (b) EGF could enhance or induce colony-forming ability in soft agar in all of these cell strains. (c) The magnitudes of enhancement of the colony-forming efficiencies by EGF in soft agar could not be correlated with the absolute EGF-binding capacity of these cell strains. (d) ...

Loading...

Loading Preview

Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.

References (36)

  1. Barrett, J. C., and Ts'o, P. T. P. Evidence for the progressive nature of neoplastic transformation in vitro. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 75: 3761-3765, 1978.
  2. Barrett, J. C., Crawford, B. D., Mixter, L. O., Schechtman, L. M., Ts'o, P. O. P., and Pollack, R. Correlationof in vitro growth properties and tumorigenicity of Syrian hamster cell lines. Cancer Res., 39: 1504-1510,1979.
  3. Colburn, N. H., Border Bruegge, W. F., Bates, J. R., Gray, R. H., Rossen, J. D., Kelsey, W. H., and Shimada, T. Correlation of anchorage-independent growth with tumorigenicity of chemically transformed mouse epidermal cells. Cancer Res., 38: 624-634, 1978.
  4. Colbum, N. H., Former,B. F., Nelson,K. A., and Yaspa,S. H. Tumor promoters induce anchorage independence irreversibly. Nature (Lond.), 281: 589-591, 1979.
  5. Colburn, N. H. Tumor promoter produces anchorage independencein mouse epidermal cells by an induction mechanism. Carcinogenesis(Lond.), 1: 951- 954, 1980.
  6. Colbum, N. H., and Gindhart, T. D. Specific binding of transforming growth factor correlates with promotion of anchorage independencein EGF receptor- less mouseJB6 cells. Biochem. Biophys.Res. Commun., 102:799-807,1981.
  7. DeLarco, J. E., and Todaro, G. J. Growth factors from murine sarcoma virus- transformed cells. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 75: 4001-4005,1978.
  8. Fisher, P. B., Bozzone, J. H., and Weinstein, I. B. Tumor promoters and epidermalgrowth factor stimulate anchorage-independentgrowth of adenovi- rus-transformed rat embryo cells. Cell, 78: 695-705, 1979.
  9. Halper, J., and Moses, H. L. Epithelial tissue-derived growth factor-like poly- peptides. Cancer Res., 43: 1972-1979, 1983.
  10. Hamburger,A. W., White, C. P., and Brown, R. W. Effect of epidermalgrowth CANCER RESEARCH VOL. 45 SEPTEMBER 1985 factor on proliferation of human tumor cells in soft agar. J. Nati. Cancer Inst., 67:825-830,1981.
  11. Hamburger, A. W., and Salmon, S. E. Primary bioassay of human tumor stem cells. Science (Wash. DC), 197: 461-463,1977.
  12. Hunter, W. M., and Greenwood, F. C. Preparation of iodine-131 labelled human growth hormone of high specific activity. Nature (Lond.), 194:495-496,1962.
  13. Jetten, A. M., and Goldfarb, R. H. Action of epidermal growth factor and retinoids on anchorage-dependent and -independent growth of nontrans- formed rat kidney cells. Cancer Res., 43: 2094-2099,1983.
  14. Jetten, A. M. Action of retinoids on the anchorage-independent growth of normal rat kidney fibroblasts induced by ^-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-^ace- tate on sarcoma growth factor. Cancer Res., 43: 68-72,1983.
  15. Kahn, P., and Shin, S.I. Cellular tumorigenicity in nude mice. J. Cell Biol., 82: 1-16,1979.
  16. Kamata, T., and Feramisco, J. R. Epidermal growth factor stimulates guanine nucleotide binding activity and phosphorylation of ras oncogene proteins. Nature (Lond.), 3ÕO:147-150,1984.
  17. Kaplan, P. L, and Ozanne, B. Cellular responsiveness to growth factors correlates with a cell's ability to express the transformed phenotype. Cell, 33: 931-938,1983.
  18. Lin, Q., Blaisdell, J., O'Keefe, E., and Earp, H. S. Insulin inhibits the glucocor- ticoid-mediated increase in hepatocyte EGF binding. J. Cell. Physiol., 7Õ9: 267-272,1984.
  19. Macpherson, I., and Montagnier, L. Agar suspension cultures for the selective assay of cells transformed by polyoma virus. Virology, 23: 291-294,1964.
  20. McClure, D. B. Anchorage-independent colony formation of SV-40 transformed BALB/C-3T3 cells in serum-free medium: role of cell-and serum-derived factors. Cell, 32: 999-1006,1983.
  21. Montesano, R., Drevon, C., Kuroki, T., Saint Vincent, L., Handleman, S., Sanford, K. K., Defeo, D., and Weinstein, I. B. Test for malignant transformation of rat liver cells in culture: cytology, growth in soft agar, and production of plasminogen activator. J. Nati. Cancer Inst., 59:1651-1658,1977.
  22. Moses, H. L., Branum, E. L., Proper, J. A., and Robinson, R. A. Transforming growth factor production by chemically transformed ceils. Cancer Res., 41: 2842-2848,1981.
  23. Peehl, D. M., and Stanbridge, E. J. Anchorage-independent growth of normal human fibroblasts. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 78:3053-3057,1981.
  24. Richter, A., Sanford, K. K., and Evans, V. J. Influence of oxygen and culture media on plating efficiency of some mammalian tissue cells. J. Nati. Cancer Inst., 49:1705-1712,1972.
  25. Roberts, A. B., Frolik, C. A., Anzano, M. A., and Sporn, M. B. Transforming growth factors from neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissues. Fed. Proc., 42: 2621-2626,1983.
  26. San, R. H. C., Laspia, M. F., Soiefer, A I., Maslansky, C. J., Rice, J. M., and Williams, G. M. A survey of growth in soft agar and cell surface properties as markers for transformation in adult rat liver epithelial-like cell cultures. Cancer Res., 39: 1026-1034,1979.
  27. Savage, R. C., and Cohen, S. Epidermal growth factor and a new derivative: rapid isolation procedures and biological and chemical characterization. J. Biol. Chem., 247: 7609-7611,1972.
  28. Shin, S.-l., Freedman, V. H., Risser, R., and Pollack, R. Tumorigenicity of virus- transformed cells in nude mice in correlated specifically with anchorage inde pendent growth in vitro. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 72: 4435-4439,1975.
  29. Silinskas, K. C., Kateley, S. A., Tower, J. E., Mäher,V. M., and McCormick, J. J. Induction of anchorage-independent growth in human fibroblasts by propane sulfone. Cancer Res., 41:1620-1627,1981.
  30. Stanbridge, E. J., and Wilkinson, J. Analysis of malignancy in human cells: malignant and transformed phenotypes are under separate genetic control. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 75:1466-1469,1978.
  31. Terzaghi, M., and Nettesheim, P. Dynamics of neoplastic development in carcinogen-exposed trachéal mucosa. Cancer Res., 39: 4003-4010,1979.
  32. Tsao, M.-S., Smith, J. D., Nelson, K. G., and Grisham, J. W. A diploid epithelial cell line from normal adult rat liver with phenotypic properties of "oval" cells. Exp. Cell Res., 154: 38-52,1984.
  33. Tsao, M.-S., Grisham, J. W., Nelson, K. G., and Smith, J. D. Phenotypic and karyotypic changes induced in cultured rat hepatic epithelial cells that express the "oval" cell phenotype by exposure to N-methyl-A/'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Am. J. Pathol., 778: 306-315,1985.
  34. Zimmerman, R. J., and Little, J. B. Characteristics of human diploid fibroblasts transformed in vitro by chemical carcinogens. Cancer Res., 43: 2183-2189, 1983.
  35. A B Fig.
  36. Representative photograph of the soft agar colonies of GP cells in the absence or presence of EGF (A) and of GN cells in the presence of EGF (B). Colonies have been stained with nitroblue tetrazolium.