Arab women’s employment in a globalised world A multilevel analysis of changing participation rates and shifting influences in Egypt and Jordan (original) (raw)

Female Employment Status: A Survey Analysis of Selected Member States of the Arab League

Eurasian Economic Review, 2019

Low female labor force participation is a conspicuous issue in the literature. Based on this information, women's perspectives of the determinants of female labor force participation in thirteen member states of the Arab League in relation to the region's patriarchal culture and conservative social norms is discussed in this paper. Probit modelling is applied to the sixth wave of the World Values Survey data (2010-2014), which to examine the relationship between female labor force participation and socio-cultural variables, such as women's perceptions about the importance of religion, the priority of religion compared with science, the importance of traditions for women, the priority of men concerning the right to a job and the importance of a job for women's independence, and personal characteristics, such as women's social class, marital status, number of children, educational level and age. The results indicate that the number of children and the importance given to tradition and religion by women are obstacles to increasing their labor force participation.

ATINER's Conference Paper Series SOC2012-0091 Women Employment and Job Choices in a Middle-Eastern Gulf Society: Case of the UAE

2020

This paper discusses women employment and job choices in the United Arab Emirates society (UAE). In this context, it is believed that societal attitudes and family interests usually override women's employment choices and dictate the kind of careers women should pursue. Consequently, women might be denied access to the kind of jobs they desire. However, the apparent success of women in educational achievements might have translated in dramatic changes in female employment choices and career development. To elucidate on the effect of education and other factors on women's job satisfaction and employment choices, a sample of 1037 employed Emirati women was conducted. Results based on the logistic regression were generated and discussed in line with reviewed evidence from the literature. Evidence suggests that age and education level play significant role in shaping Emirati women's opinion about job satisfaction and job suitability. For them, the public sector is the fir...

Education Attainment and Feminization of Labor Markets in Arab Countries with Comparisons to Eastern and Central European Countries

Knowledge-Based Economic Policy Development in the Arab World

The feminization of labor markets through the role of education is among the means that enhance the participation of women to development and ensure further involvement of human resources in the growth and development processes. While this is a process that is highly pursued in most developed economies, it is not clearly seen to be pervasive in most developing countries. The Arab economies are among those countries where lower participation of women is observed but where education can be an important leverage for further feminization of labor markets. These issues are discussed in the present chapter to underline the role of education in Arab economies.

Women's employment in Muslim Countries

With the economic position of women in Muslim countries being a regular focus of public attention and a fiercely debated topic amongst academics, few systematic, detailed descriptions and analyses are available. This book presents a new and nuanced exploration of the topic, introducing a theoretical framework that accommodates both women's individual agency as well as cultural, economic, religious, and political forces shaping their position. Collating research findings involving more than 300,000 women in 383 provinces in 28 Muslim countries ranging from the Middle East via Sub-Saharan Africa and Central Asia to Indonesia in Southeast Asia, the book, based on this wealth of data, shows how many women earn a living outside agriculture, how big the differences in employment likelihood really are, and how these differences can be explained. In doing so it addresses topical debates on the role of Islam, modernization, globalization, neocolonialism, educational inequalities, patriarchy, household hierarchies, and more. This is a sample chapter.

A General Outlook on the Women and Human Development in Arab States

Econder International Academic Journal , 2022

There are similarities and differences in the level of human development in Arab states that control large geographical borders. It is stated that it is imperative to initiate improvements in the financial, social and women's empowerment as well as information and technology fields in order to secure the progress of the Arab states. This article examines the human development of women in Arab states. For this purpose, the place of women in the total labor force and their participation in employment and education level were examined from a comparative perspective. By examining women's participation in the workforce in terms of human development, cultural, economic and political factors that are important in workforce participation are mentioned. In the last part, it has been tried to question whether there is a relationship between women's participation in the economy and their participation in decision-making processes in terms of human development perspective.

Female labour participation and pay equity in Arab countries: commonalities and differences

While there is a common belief that female labour indicators in Arab countries demonstrate a problematic situation, little is understood about the varieties within countries in that region. This paper attempts to draw a segmentation of the Arab world to show how different countries differ in this regard. It looks at two specific measures: the level of female participation as a percentage of male participation (FPM), and the female earned income to male income (FIM). Statistics from 20 Arab countries generated four clusters in which those countries are classified. Female labour indicators in most countries in the Arab world show similar patterns found in other countries in their stage of development. This confirms earlier research that indicates that women's labour participation decreases as societies move away from agriculture into manufacturing, services and industry. Only four countries are identified as outliers whose labour indicators can be understood within the context of the cultural values that dominate. The implications are discussed and individual research on female labour within each Arab country is invited.